If they ask us what society is?
We are likely to answer that it is made up of people
It is institutions, history, and ideas
All these elements have something in common
It is the language
Have you noticed each time we use the language
Are we forming society?
Let me tell you about the day I realized this
While I was in high school, a teacher told us
You are not a “dream” any students because the word “Palatine” means “lost”
A means without the word “lumen” light
You are not students but educated
Throughout our study, we thought they insulted us every time students called us
Except this professor did not like them
We have helped build our identity
How? He gave us an equation: the lover loves
The painter draws, and the learner learns
We started learning only for this reason
It was a great achievement for this man that he only had two words
He persuaded a group of 30 teenagers
To start learning
It was great
But very good except that the word student does not mean the lost light
But the Latin word “mantar” means supplying
If the word “dream” means knowledge
Whether or not this professor intentionally said it or not, he convinced us on the basis of a lie
How did he do that? Because this lie was reasonable
And also because he presented it in a very attractive way
First because it presented contradictions you are not this but this
And gave us a new definition of the word student
He introduced the magical word “learner”
Conversely, a learner means light
Of course that was a compliment to us
It is important to change our behavior
But it was a little barbaric
Also his idea about us was not a point of view
But he said it in an affirmative way
Then he introduced a new measure of values that the student is
Worse than being educated
In the sense that learning makes you a better person has convinced us
But what if the words were not addressed to a group of 30 people?
But to a hundred or a thousand?
What would happen if people were guided by a lie?
I’m sure many people here have endorsed me
When I said the student means the lost light
What happens when the letters are generated
Negative effects rather than positive impact?
Such as those that incite war
Or those that cause social inequality, class, and gender
If we are through the language
We can form a society
Can not we build the society we want?
But if we look around, we see that the world is full of inequality
There is violence, poverty, imposition and oppression
What can we do to protect ourselves from these words
Help build the community we want?
Speech is like a magic wand
First of all it’s a simple wooden stick but if we knew how to use it
We can change reality
In the same way words are composed of dots, commas, and capital letters
It seems trivial but if we think well
All speakers have a hidden secret
They always talk a lot more than their words do
So that there is benefit from their talk and change the reality
You have to discover this secret
Luckily unlike a magic wand
Letters are not fairy tales
They are in our world and ourselves and we can manufacture and use them
You may have thought of a famous political speech
Or a known person
Let me give you three examples
Which uses speeches in the formation of society
The first example is related to education
Imagine that there is an upcoming exam which is important
We prepared him a lot and tried hard, but we failed
Who did not get him this?
If I studied if I read a lot
I was a teacher and when I was a student I had the same confusion
I want to have miraculous powers so that I can travel within your mind
Watching live and direct live what happens to your minds when reading
A group of speech analysts at the University of Buenos Aires
They had the same desire
They studied students’ observations
Which they take from the text they read
They noted that these observations were structurally different
Some tell facts that do not exist
Students remember the author’s thoughts in passing
In other battlefield observations
Where he compares the position of the author
With the positions of other authors
They also calculate the arguments discussed
These observations have shown the debates
The arguments were very weak
The non-existent fact notes were the most
This majority was for the lowest grades
What do analysts tell us?
Methods of writing reflect reading methods
Analysts did not ask students
What was difficult for them to read
Because students do not know why they analyzed their observations
They discovered the problem
Which was difficult for students
Which is to create discussions in the texts they read
Analysts then presented
New ways to learn to read and write at university
They trained teachers to read and write
They have produced new materials that serve difficulties
And students’ skills
So they learn to find
Discussions in texts are also explained in their writing
In addition, they developed literacy workshops
On the income of the university and recognized at the regional level
They made a great improvement on the students
These researchers became wanted
To provide advice and produce materials
By public and private institutions in the State
These days thanks to these studies
Use materials produced from speech analysis
For the second example I would like you to accompany me to the fifth century BC
When rhetoric develops
In that era there were two tyrants
Who wanted to fill the city of Syracuse with population
And because they were autocrats occupied by force
They deported their citizens and confiscated their homes and lands
And they owned everything
Later when the tyrants overthrew
The citizens wanted to return to the previous situation
At the same time, they have no documents or contracts proving ownership
Who are the original owners of homes?
From where to where the land of each of them extends?
So they solved the problem by creating a speech
Every citizen had to speak in public
To defend his own rights
Notice the power of speech
It was eloquent he regained his home
If you can not attract the audience, you lose
These days there are documents and property contracts
There are still disputes over these things
Recently joined two people
To carry out real estate business
Consisting of building a building and then using it commercially
Four years later, a group quarreled and went to court
Of the trial evidence, there were five
All in the name of one of the partners
But he refused, saying only two documents were his own
The other three were written
By someone who put his name
And to determine whether this is true or false
The judge summoned a speech analyst
And asked him to study similarities and differences
Among the five texts to see if possible
To be attributed to the same official or not
In the analysis some individual signs were found
For example, dashes were used in some illustrations
In places where joints are commonly used
Also use the pronoun “Les” at the end of the verbs
As well as the word “salúdoles”, the most common saying “les saludo”
He always used the “asimismo”
Instead of saying “también” “además” “y” are other possibilities
These and other features have been found in the five documents
Since there were individual signs and there were no other conclusions
However, they are likely to be all written by the same person
Even if the partner said otherwise
Analysis has helped to discover
The author of the documents was dissolved trial
The third example was a month ago
The day of the march
I went to eat with some girlfriends
The daughter of one of their four-year-old told me he was in the garden
They were preparing a school event
The boys were wearing trousers and t-shirts
Girls short skirts and sleeveless shirts
It was the subject of a dinner conversation
Why did the girls have to wear other than boys?
Why did they have to show their bodies?
My friends told me they talked to the other mothers in the garden
We suggest changing the wardrobe
The answer was: “But they will have the beauty of the Lord”
That is why, the difference between men and women
Is that women must show the divine beauty
These mothers did not want this barbaric idea
The same masculinity, what a belief!
On the contrary, they are clearly against him
Why do they support the idea of women based on physical beauty?
Why children do not depend on
Wardrobe to be on the divine beauty
With these questions in my head the next day I began to analyze
News published by the press about the march
Everyone publicly supported women’s unemployment
One of them said when the march began
In which streets have passed?
How many people have gone? What groups are there?
They also calculated how many pins and t-shirts were sold
How many stalls and choripanes
And how many people went to the water baths
What does all this tell us about gender-based violence? nothing
This process is the same as any other march
In any case, in the first part of the news they admit
The active role of women fighting
This was seen in the actions women protested, proved
They went out into the streets and stopped the tasks
In addition they repeated the cause of the fighting
Against gender-based violence and inequality
They strongly rejected the word against
If this news denies gender-based violence
Why use more than half of your space
In the secondary details?
Perhaps to generate empathy
With the largest group of newspaper readers
Entertainment about them
The problem is that by giving a larger place for details
Ideology and rejection in the social background
Just like mothers in the garden
I do not think the person who wrote this story is a masculine person
But he lives in a male-dominated society
He repeats his speeches without questioning them
And all the newspapers that wish to join the cause of women
Is to give it a secondary place
Some have even repeated the position they believe they deplore
The same thing your neighbor does when he asks you if he is your lover
Helps you at home
She does not ask if you and your lover clean the house
Why do you say your love and do not you say?
Why do you say “help” and do not say “clean”
Why do you say it helps you and do not ask if you help him?
Because it presupposes that the person who must clean it is the woman
And that a man can decide whether to cooperate or not
This question, although good faith, is male-oriented
“Habibi does not help me in the house home to us we Monday”
All speakers have a secret
This secret is not in the information they convey
It is in how they say what they say
Let’s say that language is a trunk full of words
Punctuation and spelling rules
Every time we talk or write we open the trunk and choose what they are
The word that we will use, the points we put, and the phrases that bring together
What criteria do we choose?
To analyze a speech you have to train your imagination
And to see what the speech mentions
And what he does not say
You have to think how you say it in another way
What will be the difference?
Imagine a world in which everyone
Has the ability to understand
And build speeches to change reality
Speeches that improve education such as student feedback
Speeches that avoid injustice so that we all have a voice
Addresses that eliminate inequality between men and women
We have the same rights
When we want to say our words again
Let us think carefully about what we will choose
To help build the reality we want
And be closer to what we really want to say
Let us be like students who are knowledgeable
Do not accept opinions and always be
With open eyes and a ready mind
Thank you so much
(clap)
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