Global warming: anthropogenic vs. geologic factors | Anatoly Obzhirov | TEDxVladivostok

[applause]

thank you, thank you

thanks rum beko sleep

apricot because

he played just

geological

actually a tune where

a dream where the roads are where

there is an ocean I even

was surprised that only

we take it in

expedition rum here but

if I just want

again dialogues

I remind you too 2

2 verse singing

geological song a

then I’ll tell you about

this unfortunate

warming you left

sultry and steppes

I left the reconnaissance in

the taiga needs mine only

the sun is soaring

above you only cedars

snow is far away and

I have long to turn to us

back where the life of the diol

creping of a diol

or wind and sun

better friend nowhere

I’ll find the geologists both of us

with you we are in life

we will manage well by the road

difference from the breed

empty

but the way a long time I

turn us back

life and it will strengthen

the wonder of the wind and

the sun

[music]

so okay and now I

I’ll tell you a little bit

these questions

linked to global

warming here

to be honest there is

problems in which

plan

really

warming now

I go to you two words

I will say this but not

clearly in general what is it

that reason is this

warming or is it

indeed hour here

the Kyoto Protocol and

others say that

here is our

anthropogenic

our impact

life with you here

isolate gases

pozdnyakov and so on

further determine if

seriously then was

of such students

told

degassing as we

extract gases from

water but one Slovenian

did not listen to her

petrushes so

turns around

Anatoliy Ivanovich

please tell me

how do you allocate gases

I’m only all after

after that everything was

well, here

really means

that question

already there is actually something and

other sources here

geological

the sources are just like that

started good only for

geochemistry of these

she studies ocean

distribution

natural gas in

lithosphere this means

here in the earth’s crust

hydrosphere this we

of the lake and

atmosphere and here we are

we study but these here

gas and you see here

first stand methane and

the propane-butane tank them

hydrocarbon gases

which we actually

we use both

indicators for

search for oil and gas

deposits of gas hydrates

then co2 this one

intrusive there

volcanic gases

oxygen nitrogen is like

Dragging impurities and that’s

hydrogen helium which

shows what goes

flows from the depths

maybe even with

borders between mantles

and the king may be

Samantha in general here

these are all things they are very

are important from the point of view of

understand the sources or

it’s really here

our longing with you

activity or

activities where

logic and now I see yes and

was at our last

year of entry then

I say do not be at the bottom

written greenhouse

gases this is just the

methane and carbon dioxide

gas here the question is

that carbon dioxide

It has long been considered

greenhouse bitan is not

then

but methane is considered

more than about 20 x

once they even talk about

this is the scientists that he

more greenhouse

effect well, and do not care

a bit later I will say

and now here we were

here he is the congress in

this is the center in china

this is literally sex

months ago and there as

once an English scientist

there is no this from America and

of the United States

america and scientist as

once said that

it is necessary

find these

again on

the Kyoto Protocol

there are sanctions

there who has who

highlights

the one you blow

have these

greenhouse gases

more and so on

this I asked him

The question he asked and you

know about that and

except these same ones

of our

technological

every percentage

problems exist

geological so

say these

emission sources

these gases and it is long

me something

in English

spoke quickly

I did not understand everything at once

but in the end I realized that

all the same

geology should be studied

and here I am just

I turn to this his

the goal of our beloved

dialogue means

greenhouse gases

methane and carbon dioxide

gas means that more

here I want to

to say this well

principle, these gases are

why is

greenhouse you probably

know well, just two

words to

clarity was

some means y

us in the solar tass

the inspector is there

ultraviolet and there is

infrared

ultraviolet is

shortwave

infrared hurts

long a lot when

pouring ray comes to

he starts

Reflect will start cube i

could this

shortwave

goes away again in

atmosphere and

long wave it

here he remains and so

say creates here

these are methane and

carbon dioxide there

they are like water vapor

I create a film well here

both in English is

these greenhouse

the gas is called green house

that is it’s here

it sticks out, that’s why

and such an effect

some degree here

there is a well

how much of it

more less here

this question

it is necessary to study

here look mean

Here it is this line

central it

zero line here

Fahrenheit left

here and carbon dioxide

this is such a green

line shows that

was carbon dioxide

here on the right there 300 this

ppm we are the millionth

share it now in

atmosphere somewhere around 340

about that’s there

written and here it is

red is already behind

plus temperature

that is, it is so

say annual

temperature and here

of course carbon dioxide

haul

already it is visible that she

correlated

warming, that is

he participates in this

process in the greenhouse

who once to you

there is a question but further I

here’s a little explain

that why here we have

there is in fact you know

there is a warming there

cooling like this

here here is the blue one

cooling was

warming that is in

the period when

it’s 1000 there’s 900 and

there was a general

this

technologically quiet

the technique was not that

so that there was a lot

emissions of these

greenhouse gases but

she was cold

and seo software is also finite

with our activities

she certainly creates

certain

difficulties but more

it seems to me not

so much for

warming how much

for ours with you

lives that are harmful

and there is exhaust gas

and so on but I

now I will continue

all the

light, here’s the alternation

warming

cold snap

us before this when

we are with you now here

we see something like

We see warming

what was with us

cooling then there 1600

and now in 2000

again this time

whether the curve is carbonic

gas rises as

350 m that is it

exceeds the usual

average level

carbon dioxide in

atmosphere

but here it means what

what is the problem with

weather point of view

The fact is that here we are

now we see that in

arteke begin to trace

of the tilde

I free the water

already so to speak what

that is, wormwood there

thawed patches

here and there bears

suffer particularly

because they usually

how our fishermen sit

near the hole and waiting

when this margin you them

at

from the hole will come out and

look lazy at

come to visit him

and here it is necessary to swim

seek them out so say

in this water is also not

complexity is therefore

now important now

find out all the same

when is it 2 1

the period will end

warming then

why does he create

difficulties for

our life means in

first of course now

can change

level of the ocean then

there will be a little bit

rise level is

spitting can be low

places where people live

but now it is important that

that here have changed in

atmosphere to line

movements have changed

these are the flows in

atmospheric

plan why why

that we are also ortica she

regulated

temperature

effects were some kind of

ways these without you

correct phenomena now

these paths were broken

because dad has become

warmer first goes

water evaporation

which was released

then that is it goes here

it’s some kind of

drip so to speak

two things and therefore

then here it is we

see the chair

changes then

before it was all

smoothly now cutting

then somewhere a screensaver

somewhere even from

floods somewhere

snow somewhere so

say when and not

there was in general a process

of course not very

nice but here

question I find out

can we somehow

act upon

that this

climatic

some kind of this one

as much as possible

manifestations of them and somehow

influence our

laboratories sound

distribution of these

gases as I said

now I’ll show you

was a little bit quick

what methods to

you understood and then

carry more

more details

stop this here

here is our ship

academician of the laurentians

we will introduce everything on it

Research in our country

complex

very

important which is here in

including for

study of gases

distribution of gas in

including greenhouse

that’s it

network or we take

water samples from 1 to

the surface itself

measure the temperature

salinity is here

we take bottom sediments

there we would mean

we meet various

in order to

find out is where

areas where we

gas hydrates

we find out is

areas where we

we find shells

But others also carry and

minerals

which we can here

find there some

difficult and not

or others for deposits

this we will select from

those for which

tube

leads in the core we take

silt and bottom we take the remains

samples for gas

to study this here

gas analysis is in

Our laboratory is

pretty girls

Now well, it’s a hydra

kusi to it here as

Here are just here

rather we are here in our

international

expeditions

straw

leaders

laboratories

hydroxide about

she gives the barbel of the mustache

possibility that is

goes and goes

means

shortwave

he means

gives a wave it

passes through the thickness

water then from 1

Returns and if

then something happens

on the path of this wave, then

you get a sound

russia effect

creates this body

there where bubbles of methane

it goes like a body

like torches

if there is no bubble

start here is this

this is the same

and fishermen and the same

uses to search

fish you see here

these are the red ones here

here are the methane bubbles

rise

sit on the shelf there

where oil and gas

deposits where available

faults

where the situation means and

tectonic

some changes

Here these here see here

powerful methane emissions

and this methane

it’s not there anymore

because here

source is

oil and gas deposits

they are therefore

rises to the garden

surface and

practically leaves in

atmosphere in part we

we study all this and

how much methane is this

too, I quickly

I’ll show you this

Here is a break

literally rifts

goes from there a powerful

flow

Methane by the way I

I will say more

why

this one here

I showed a rift

because here

important, that

geological no

business in the life of the earth

neither are they steel

stability

stability is

activation and we

now we live with you

here since 1990, even 1980

years

what do we live now

when there is a system

type of low

intensifying the

parts of the Pacific Ocean

all these seas

regional and behold you

know the earthquake

We went there

neftegorsk ninety

fifth year of diverse then

fukushima where the big

cycles are the most in

eleventh year but

this very horde

Hokkaido in Japan in

in general, you see

what powerful

release of methane

are connected with where

exists in now

we are tectonically

activating well

these are the red spots

that’s all we are

found here

from 900 of them ready

now there are 500 outputs

methane found

communication with smart

tectonic

activation and it

continues

this moment is

it is very important that we

I will not go into

details but we have it

We study it will be the

monitoring do

to find out

when can be

stabilization

will begin

seismic or

will decrease

quantity

greenhouse gases

which stand out

atmosphere here is this

here it can be seen from different

different in different years

we study the points of this

these are the outputs

tangled right here can be seen

district and here is the gas

hydrate gas hydrate

so it is important here when

these flows

methane and at low

high temperature

pressure that is

high pressure in 1

where are you on us over at

The Okhotsk Sea is

somewhere around

at a depth of 400 meters

because

the water temperature there

plus 2 and 4 bottom

water if zero

degrees then this is 30

Atmospheres 300 meters

enough when there is

methane is water is

means high

low pressure

temperature forms

hydrate this type of ice

this means that there is

methane molecules

penetrate methane

penetrates into molecules

between water molecules

and forms an ice

but what is there

important if a little bit

is changing

temperature then this

the hydrate begins

turn again

phos

so here’s one cube here

this white before

turns into a 160

cubes of methane in

in general it is very

large such powerful

methane emissions if

suddenly the temperature

why can

go up again

when there is a zone

there is a fault

tectonic

activation is

temperature

temperature field

slightly and

increases and

gas temperature

the hydrate begins

disintegrate

and then these

emissions must be said

that there are already stories

everyone on this

about

Bermuda there items in

this in the Caspian

the sea where like

the Caspian Sea

what is it exactly there on 4

Bagaevsky ship

got into this bubble

for some reason

for 4 hydrator grass

this one is there

temperature is

the field itself rose

and he failed

just into this bubble

because

respectively

the density of water is less

and it can reveal

this that is these things

one side 2 machine

the dihydrate there varies

yes they violate

surface know here

this is very important

here for engineering

designing

because

derrick pipelines for

that they can do it all

collapses as

frost on yourself in

this is our own in the artek

Well, that’s why we have

such a watch

activating

See this

red day it

this is the border of the plates.

here is the Okhotsk Sea as

once with an Amur plate

there

North American

here it is pacific quietly

the ocean and that’s it.

where is the red

there it is like this

once was

fukushima this is how

time and they are now

begin to move

why they are moving

who and where is the homel while

it is difficult to say but this

It is internal

pull the tension from

out of out of the mantle out of

our center in general

and they are just right there

where there is still gas

component then

occurs exactly

they seem to be like

between blocks

which move

create a pillow

the air is like this

ships in the air

the pillow walks here and

at the same time it will supply blocks

sharply may be different

friend to move and

that’s just the focus, we

it is to the hole this second

this very city and

fukushima this one

itself

and there on

power plants as

time there was that

block under this here

one of the blocks

climbed up and

pushed powerful powerful

this powerful mass of water

this mass of water went to

but when

fits this means

there were about 1000

meters this happened

in and when goes to

coast began

this very same

water depth

to go nowhere

the wave rises

up and up and to

she leaves the shore

already a wave there can

be 15 to 20 meters here

this is among the

throw a crypt

there are these

smokers call

they can be black

can be white

black then with ore with

ore with sulphides

and white then carbonate

Well, this very same

process that

now I was telling

in nature, here he is

there is a take away

right here on the right there

goat hydrate here

us methane

is formed here

carbon dioxide in

Generally here the earth breathes

The land lives like we do

you are trying something

carry somewhere

activate

somewhere

stabilize

and this process is necessary

to find out in Prague and here

and at the congress

he said he needed

find out the percentage

the percentage that we with

you can so

say and the emissions

create them and percentage

which throws away

nature and why it

throws out some

say the processes

maybe somehow

affect the fact that

we reduce it here

some there already here

all on TV

they said that in order

for example

slightly reduce

dangers

earthquakes there they

blow something up

although it seems to me

vice versa

some carry and

tags but in principle

principle

important because everything

they are cosmic

it’s with a thing that is

earth it is med-el ellipse

around the sun and here

she is somewhere closer and

farther from the sun

active sun in

this whole

we study the complex

think and that’s when

we think that here we sit and

we think thanks

[applause]

[music]