I want to live in a world where I don’t have to worry if whether or not there
have to worry if whether or not there
have to worry if whether or not there will be any planet left for our future
will be any planet left for our future
will be any planet left for our future generations if we look at the timeline
generations if we look at the timeline
generations if we look at the timeline of Earth no other species has modified
of Earth no other species has modified
of Earth no other species has modified this landscape the way we have done it
this landscape the way we have done it
this landscape the way we have done it and that is both very exciting and
and that is both very exciting and
and that is both very exciting and worrisome we have achieved the most
worrisome we have achieved the most
worrisome we have achieved the most amazing things as humankind we went to
amazing things as humankind we went to
amazing things as humankind we went to the moon we can orbit around the earth
the moon we can orbit around the earth
the moon we can orbit around the earth we invented computers and created the
we invented computers and created the
we invented computers and created the internet and we made all this possible
internet and we made all this possible
internet and we made all this possible because we are able to understand and
because we are able to understand and
because we are able to understand and manipulate matter at its most
manipulate matter at its most
manipulate matter at its most fundamental forms but it all has come at
fundamental forms but it all has come at
fundamental forms but it all has come at a cost
a cost
a cost currently in the u.s. we obtain most of
currently in the u.s. we obtain most of
currently in the u.s. we obtain most of our energy from burning fossil fuels we
our energy from burning fossil fuels we
our energy from burning fossil fuels we burn oil call a natural gas to produce
burn oil call a natural gas to produce
burn oil call a natural gas to produce electricity to power our houses and our
electricity to power our houses and our
electricity to power our houses and our devices but by doing this we also
devices but by doing this we also
devices but by doing this we also produce a molecule called carbon dioxide
produce a molecule called carbon dioxide
produce a molecule called carbon dioxide we already know that when carbon dioxide
we already know that when carbon dioxide
we already know that when carbon dioxide gets emitted to the air in excess it
gets emitted to the air in excess it
gets emitted to the air in excess it causes global warming but we cannot
causes global warming but we cannot
causes global warming but we cannot obtain any energy from co2 so we just
obtain any energy from co2 so we just
obtain any energy from co2 so we just release it because it is a waste for us
release it because it is a waste for us
release it because it is a waste for us and it is also not a toxic chemical by
and it is also not a toxic chemical by
and it is also not a toxic chemical by itself we can breathe it it actually
itself we can breathe it it actually
itself we can breathe it it actually smells nice and in fact the smell of co2
smells nice and in fact the smell of co2
smells nice and in fact the smell of co2 can be described as freshly baked bread
can be described as freshly baked bread
can be described as freshly baked bread I learned about co2 when I was in
I learned about co2 when I was in
I learned about co2 when I was in elementary school like in Mexico and I
elementary school like in Mexico and I
elementary school like in Mexico and I was always intrigued by a molecule like
was always intrigued by a molecule like
was always intrigued by a molecule like this I was always a very curious boy and
this I was always a very curious boy and
this I was always a very curious boy and locally about the son of an educator my
locally about the son of an educator my
locally about the son of an educator my mother taught elementary school so she
mother taught elementary school so she
mother taught elementary school so she led me a leash on my scientific
led me a leash on my scientific
led me a leash on my scientific curiosity she encouraged me to read so I
curiosity she encouraged me to read so I
curiosity she encouraged me to read so I read about co2 and about dinosaurs and
read about co2 and about dinosaurs and
read about co2 and about dinosaurs and about Carl Sagan and that little pale
about Carl Sagan and that little pale
about Carl Sagan and that little pale blue dot
blue dot
blue dot that is our planet I was also a Boy
that is our planet I was also a Boy
that is our planet I was also a Boy Scout and you may think that I was a
Scout and you may think that I was a
Scout and you may think that I was a nerd and you may think right because
nerd and you may think right because
nerd and you may think right because being a Boy Scout in Mexico was really
being a Boy Scout in Mexico was really
being a Boy Scout in Mexico was really fun I learned about rocks I learned
fun I learned about rocks I learned
fun I learned about rocks I learned about camping I learned that we humans
about camping I learned that we humans
about camping I learned that we humans have a very special relationship with
have a very special relationship with
have a very special relationship with nature and that in the words of Robert
nature and that in the words of Robert
nature and that in the words of Robert baden-powell we must try and leave this
baden-powell we must try and leave this
baden-powell we must try and leave this world a little better than we found it
world a little better than we found it
world a little better than we found it and those words have stayed in my mind
and those words have stayed in my mind
and those words have stayed in my mind ever since I heard them for the first
ever since I heard them for the first
ever since I heard them for the first time when I was 12 because I understood
time when I was 12 because I understood
time when I was 12 because I understood that it is our duty to protect a little
that it is our duty to protect a little
that it is our duty to protect a little pale blue dot because it is our home it
pale blue dot because it is our home it
pale blue dot because it is our home it was also in school when I learn about
was also in school when I learn about
was also in school when I learn about photosynthesis and I hope you like my
photosynthesis and I hope you like my
photosynthesis and I hope you like my semi-technical drying or photosynthesis
semi-technical drying or photosynthesis
semi-technical drying or photosynthesis which is the natural process in which
which is the natural process in which
which is the natural process in which plants take water co2 and use sunlight
plants take water co2 and use sunlight
plants take water co2 and use sunlight to produce oxygen and to remove the co2
to produce oxygen and to remove the co2
to produce oxygen and to remove the co2 from the air we animals breathe it out
from the air we animals breathe it out
from the air we animals breathe it out and plants take it in which gives a
and plants take it in which gives a
and plants take it in which gives a balance that maintains the temperature
balance that maintains the temperature
balance that maintains the temperature of the atmosphere steady making this
of the atmosphere steady making this
of the atmosphere steady making this planet available unfortunately we
planet available unfortunately we
planet available unfortunately we release so much co2 from burning fossil
release so much co2 from burning fossil
release so much co2 from burning fossil fuels that we’ve altered this balance
fuels that we’ve altered this balance
fuels that we’ve altered this balance and right now all the plants on earth
and right now all the plants on earth
and right now all the plants on earth are just not enough to restore the
are just not enough to restore the
are just not enough to restore the levels of co2 to restore this balance so
levels of co2 to restore this balance so
levels of co2 to restore this balance so we created global warming and we are
we created global warming and we are
we created global warming and we are already seeing all the changes that have
already seeing all the changes that have
already seeing all the changes that have been predicted at a global scale like
been predicted at a global scale like
been predicted at a global scale like hurricanes getting stronger every year
hurricanes getting stronger every year
hurricanes getting stronger every year or the disappearance of beaches and
or the disappearance of beaches and
or the disappearance of beaches and Islands from the rise of the sea levels
Islands from the rise of the sea levels
Islands from the rise of the sea levels or the death of very important animals
or the death of very important animals
or the death of very important animals for our food production like starfish or
for our food production like starfish or
for our food production like starfish or bees or coral reefs and I can go on and
bees or coral reefs and I can go on and
bees or coral reefs and I can go on and on but I’m here because I want to give
on but I’m here because I want to give
on but I’m here because I want to give an inspiring talk not a depressing one
an inspiring talk not a depressing one
an inspiring talk not a depressing one now we have made similar mistakes in the
now we have made similar mistakes in the
now we have made similar mistakes in the past we damage the also layer so much
past we damage the also layer so much
past we damage the also layer so much that it also threaten our existence on
that it also threaten our existence on
that it also threaten our existence on earth the difference is that back then
earth the difference is that back then
earth the difference is that back then it was visible the big hole over
it was visible the big hole over
it was visible the big hole over so we got really worried and we did
so we got really worried and we did
so we got really worried and we did something about it we created the
something about it we created the
something about it we created the Montreal Protocol which has been the
Montreal Protocol which has been the
Montreal Protocol which has been the most successful international agreement
most successful international agreement
most successful international agreement that help help reducing the thinning of
that help help reducing the thinning of
that help help reducing the thinning of the ozone layer but we co2 it’s more
the ozone layer but we co2 it’s more
the ozone layer but we co2 it’s more complex we have the Paris agreement but
complex we have the Paris agreement but
complex we have the Paris agreement but we don’t see a hole in the atmosphere
we don’t see a hole in the atmosphere
we don’t see a hole in the atmosphere and we need to produce electricity I
and we need to produce electricity I
and we need to produce electricity I remember growing up seen chimneys with
remember growing up seen chimneys with
remember growing up seen chimneys with smoke coming out all day long and
smoke coming out all day long and
smoke coming out all day long and thinking is there anything that we can
thinking is there anything that we can
thinking is there anything that we can put on top of those chimneys to make
put on top of those chimneys to make
put on top of those chimneys to make those fumes less harmful is there
those fumes less harmful is there
those fumes less harmful is there anything that we could do to turn all
anything that we could do to turn all
anything that we could do to turn all that waste into something useful is
that waste into something useful is
that waste into something useful is there anything that I could do so I
there anything that I could do so I
there anything that I could do so I became a scientist and I learned that
became a scientist and I learned that
became a scientist and I learned that there is something we can do to fight
there is something we can do to fight
there is something we can do to fight the global warming threat that we can
the global warming threat that we can
the global warming threat that we can develop new exciting science that can
develop new exciting science that can
develop new exciting science that can help us to remove the co2 from the air
help us to remove the co2 from the air
help us to remove the co2 from the air then we can make artificial systems that
then we can make artificial systems that
then we can make artificial systems that can emulate the natural process so we
can emulate the natural process so we
can emulate the natural process so we can adapt to global warming and fight it
can adapt to global warming and fight it
can adapt to global warming and fight it I learned that we humans are capable of
I learned that we humans are capable of
I learned that we humans are capable of recreating photosynthesis in the lab
recreating photosynthesis in the lab
recreating photosynthesis in the lab with materials that are entirely made by
with materials that are entirely made by
with materials that are entirely made by us when we came and independent
us when we came and independent
us when we came and independent researcher I learned that I am not the
researcher I learned that I am not the
researcher I learned that I am not the first one to be concerned with this
first one to be concerned with this
first one to be concerned with this scientific challenge that there is an
scientific challenge that there is an
scientific challenge that there is an army of very smart and very talented
army of very smart and very talented
army of very smart and very talented people that are just as worried as I am
people that are just as worried as I am
people that are just as worried as I am and each of these scientists
and each of these scientists
and each of these scientists technologists and engineers has a very
technologists and engineers has a very
technologists and engineers has a very own unique and creative way to pursue
own unique and creative way to pursue
own unique and creative way to pursue artificial photosynthesis and that I had
artificial photosynthesis and that I had
artificial photosynthesis and that I had to learn from them to see it on the
to learn from them to see it on the
to learn from them to see it on the shoulders of these giants as I said
shoulders of these giants as I said
shoulders of these giants as I said Newton once said in order to achieve
Newton once said in order to achieve
Newton once said in order to achieve artificial photosynthesis we first need
artificial photosynthesis we first need
artificial photosynthesis we first need to understand how the natural process
to understand how the natural process
to understand how the natural process occurs which happens in two steps in
occurs which happens in two steps in
occurs which happens in two steps in different parts of the plant a different
different parts of the plant a different
different parts of the plant a different time the first step is called water
time the first step is called water
time the first step is called water splitting in which a plan picks up a
splitting in which a plan picks up a
splitting in which a plan picks up a particle of light which is pure energy
particle of light which is pure energy
particle of light which is pure energy and uses that energy to rip apart two
and uses that energy to rip apart two
and uses that energy to rip apart two molecules of water
molecules of water
molecules of water it produces oxygen and it stores all
it produces oxygen and it stores all
it produces oxygen and it stores all that energy in chemical bonds as
that energy in chemical bonds as
that energy in chemical bonds as chemical energy now to do this most
chemical energy now to do this most
chemical energy now to do this most plants utilize red color and it’s gonna
plants utilize red color and it’s gonna
plants utilize red color and it’s gonna sound weird but that is why we see them
sound weird but that is why we see them
sound weird but that is why we see them green green is a complementary color of
green green is a complementary color of
green green is a complementary color of red and we see the complementary colors
red and we see the complementary colors
red and we see the complementary colors so we want to do is to use more colors
so we want to do is to use more colors
so we want to do is to use more colors of the light that comes from the Sun
of the light that comes from the Sun
of the light that comes from the Sun these are the different types of light
these are the different types of light
these are the different types of light that come from the Sun a little bit more
that come from the Sun a little bit more
that come from the Sun a little bit more than half its visible light which are
than half its visible light which are
than half its visible light which are all the colors of the rainbow combined
all the colors of the rainbow combined
all the colors of the rainbow combined together and is the energy that we want
together and is the energy that we want
together and is the energy that we want to use for artificial photosynthesis
to use for artificial photosynthesis
to use for artificial photosynthesis three percent about three percent is
three percent about three percent is
three percent about three percent is ultraviolet light which has high energy
ultraviolet light which has high energy
ultraviolet light which has high energy and is very damaging for us and most of
and is very damaging for us and most of
and is very damaging for us and most of it it gets filtered by the ozone layer
it it gets filtered by the ozone layer
it it gets filtered by the ozone layer the rest is infrared light which is heat
the rest is infrared light which is heat
the rest is infrared light which is heat account from the Sun and it is the heat
account from the Sun and it is the heat
account from the Sun and it is the heat the co2 gets trapped in the atmosphere
the co2 gets trapped in the atmosphere
the co2 gets trapped in the atmosphere the second step it’s called carbon
the second step it’s called carbon
the second step it’s called carbon fixation in which the plan uses that
fixation in which the plan uses that
fixation in which the plan uses that chemical energy that obtained from water
chemical energy that obtained from water
chemical energy that obtained from water splitting to trap a molecule of co2 and
splitting to trap a molecule of co2 and
splitting to trap a molecule of co2 and to embed it as part of a structure so
to embed it as part of a structure so
to embed it as part of a structure so this process it’s very inefficient to
this process it’s very inefficient to
this process it’s very inefficient to store energy it’s just about 2% but it’s
store energy it’s just about 2% but it’s
store energy it’s just about 2% but it’s just enough to make plants live and to
just enough to make plants live and to
just enough to make plants live and to populate the earth and to remove the co2
populate the earth and to remove the co2
populate the earth and to remove the co2 from the earth now what we want to
from the earth now what we want to
from the earth now what we want to achieve is a material in which we can
achieve is a material in which we can
achieve is a material in which we can combine both steps as a single process
combine both steps as a single process
combine both steps as a single process that we call direct carbon reduction in
that we call direct carbon reduction in
that we call direct carbon reduction in which a material will pick up a particle
which a material will pick up a particle
which a material will pick up a particle of light and transfer all that energy to
of light and transfer all that energy to
of light and transfer all that energy to a molecule of co2 and that co2 can get
a molecule of co2 and that co2 can get
a molecule of co2 and that co2 can get transformed in another chemical that has
transformed in another chemical that has
transformed in another chemical that has more energy that is a fuel that we can
more energy that is a fuel that we can
more energy that is a fuel that we can burn a solar field because it was
burn a solar field because it was
burn a solar field because it was created with energy that came directly
created with energy that came directly
created with energy that came directly from the Sun now there are other many
from the Sun now there are other many
from the Sun now there are other many artificial photosynthesis materials that
artificial photosynthesis materials that
artificial photosynthesis materials that are very efficient the challenge is that
are very efficient the challenge is that
are very efficient the challenge is that required to use very rare and very
required to use very rare and very
required to use very rare and very expensive elements like platinum
expensive elements like platinum
expensive elements like platinum platinum is very rare and one pound of
platinum is very rare and one pound of
platinum is very rare and one pound of platinum cost
platinum cost
platinum cost more than $10,000 which okay I guess
more than $10,000 which okay I guess
more than $10,000 which okay I guess it’s okay for wedding rings or tennis
it’s okay for wedding rings or tennis
it’s okay for wedding rings or tennis bracelets but not to do artificial
bracelets but not to do artificial
bracelets but not to do artificial photosynthesis at the large industrial
photosynthesis at the large industrial
photosynthesis at the large industrial scale so what we try to do in my lab is
scale so what we try to do in my lab is
scale so what we try to do in my lab is we try to make materials that are
we try to make materials that are
we try to make materials that are composed of elements that are more
composed of elements that are more
composed of elements that are more abundant there are much less expensive
abundant there are much less expensive
abundant there are much less expensive and I’ll take our inspiration on why
and I’ll take our inspiration on why
and I’ll take our inspiration on why paint and if there is any artist or a
paint and if there is any artist or a
paint and if there is any artist or a painter in the room you will recognize
painter in the room you will recognize
painter in the room you will recognize this color it’s called titanium white
this color it’s called titanium white
this color it’s called titanium white the pigment in this color it’s a crystal
the pigment in this color it’s a crystal
the pigment in this color it’s a crystal called titanium dioxide and it is a
called titanium dioxide and it is a
called titanium dioxide and it is a material that can perform artificial
material that can perform artificial
material that can perform artificial photosynthesis through direct carbon
photosynthesis through direct carbon
photosynthesis through direct carbon reduction now the challenge is that to
reduction now the challenge is that to
reduction now the challenge is that to do this process
do this process
do this process it requires ultraviolet light which is
it requires ultraviolet light which is
it requires ultraviolet light which is only 3% overcome from the Sun and it’s
only 3% overcome from the Sun and it’s
only 3% overcome from the Sun and it’s also a very slow process so it is also
also a very slow process so it is also
also a very slow process so it is also not economically viable to use this
not economically viable to use this
not economically viable to use this material at a large scale
material at a large scale
material at a large scale however it’s a very inexpensive element
however it’s a very inexpensive element
however it’s a very inexpensive element it’s very abundant one pound of titanium
it’s very abundant one pound of titanium
it’s very abundant one pound of titanium dioxide cost only seven cents and it is
dioxide cost only seven cents and it is
dioxide cost only seven cents and it is literally dirt cheap especially if we
literally dirt cheap especially if we
literally dirt cheap especially if we compare it to platinum so what we do in
compare it to platinum so what we do in
compare it to platinum so what we do in my lab my students and I will put
my lab my students and I will put
my lab my students and I will put together titanium with molecules that
together titanium with molecules that
together titanium with molecules that are able to capture different colors of
are able to capture different colors of
are able to capture different colors of the light and we assemble them into this
the light and we assemble them into this
the light and we assemble them into this type of materials that we call
type of materials that we call
type of materials that we call frameworks there are kind of like tinker
frameworks there are kind of like tinker
frameworks there are kind of like tinker toys but with molecules the form these
toys but with molecules the form these
toys but with molecules the form these beautiful three-dimensional
beautiful three-dimensional
beautiful three-dimensional architectures that has a lot of holes so
architectures that has a lot of holes so
architectures that has a lot of holes so then they co2 can pass through really
then they co2 can pass through really
then they co2 can pass through really fast in reality the material looks like
fast in reality the material looks like
fast in reality the material looks like this is a yellow powder and it is yellow
this is a yellow powder and it is yellow
this is a yellow powder and it is yellow because it’s a source blue light and
because it’s a source blue light and
because it’s a source blue light and yellow is a complementary color of blue
yellow is a complementary color of blue
yellow is a complementary color of blue so we put it in this little bottle we
so we put it in this little bottle we
so we put it in this little bottle we had some chemicals we bubble it with co2
had some chemicals we bubble it with co2
had some chemicals we bubble it with co2 and we put it in these photo react or
and we put it in these photo react or
and we put it in these photo react or the looks like a tanning bed but it’s
the looks like a tanning bed but it’s
the looks like a tanning bed but it’s made out of a leaf blue LEDs we use blue
made out of a leaf blue LEDs we use blue
made out of a leaf blue LEDs we use blue LEDs because they’re very accessible and
LEDs because they’re very accessible and
LEDs because they’re very accessible and they simulate very well different colors
they simulate very well different colors
they simulate very well different colors of the light right so a molecule of co2
of the light right so a molecule of co2
of the light right so a molecule of co2 is passing through the framework
is passing through the framework
is passing through the framework it gets turn for the material picks up a
it gets turn for the material picks up a
it gets turn for the material picks up a particle of light and transfer all that
particle of light and transfer all that
particle of light and transfer all that energy to the co2 and that the co2 gets
energy to the co2 and that the co2 gets
energy to the co2 and that the co2 gets turned into a solar fuel and he leaves
turned into a solar fuel and he leaves
turned into a solar fuel and he leaves the material and what we were able to
the material and what we were able to
the material and what we were able to see in our first study is that we can do
see in our first study is that we can do
see in our first study is that we can do these and rates much faster than
these and rates much faster than
these and rates much faster than titanium dioxide so it is very promising
titanium dioxide so it is very promising
titanium dioxide so it is very promising and we know that we can implement all
and we know that we can implement all
and we know that we can implement all these materials in current technology so
these materials in current technology so
these materials in current technology so modern power plants after they burn fuel
modern power plants after they burn fuel
modern power plants after they burn fuel and produce electricity they had to
and produce electricity they had to
and produce electricity they had to process all the gases because some of
process all the gases because some of
process all the gases because some of them are very polluting so I see you to
them are very polluting so I see you to
them are very polluting so I see you to get also gets purified at the very end
get also gets purified at the very end
get also gets purified at the very end gets either released to the atmosphere
gets either released to the atmosphere
gets either released to the atmosphere or pump on the ground so it is here
or pump on the ground so it is here
or pump on the ground so it is here where income implement artificial
where income implement artificial
where income implement artificial photosynthesis systems because we can
photosynthesis systems because we can
photosynthesis systems because we can turn all that co2 back into a solar
turn all that co2 back into a solar
turn all that co2 back into a solar field so they complete it back onto the
field so they complete it back onto the
field so they complete it back onto the plant and we can achieve two things
plant and we can achieve two things
plant and we can achieve two things first we increase the efficiency of the
first we increase the efficiency of the
first we increase the efficiency of the plant because we can produce more
plant because we can produce more
plant because we can produce more electricity so we can actually make a
electricity so we can actually make a
electricity so we can actually make a profit using artificial photosynthesis
profit using artificial photosynthesis
profit using artificial photosynthesis and second that since we are reducing
and second that since we are reducing
and second that since we are reducing our own carbon we are producing
our own carbon we are producing
our own carbon we are producing electricity without emitting it
electricity without emitting it
electricity without emitting it achieving a carbon neutral process so we
achieving a carbon neutral process so we
achieving a carbon neutral process so we can use artificial photosynthesis to
can use artificial photosynthesis to
can use artificial photosynthesis to produce electricity in a carbon neutral
produce electricity in a carbon neutral
produce electricity in a carbon neutral process that sounds so cool
but of course our materials is not are
but of course our materials is not are not perfect there was a lot of
not perfect there was a lot of
not perfect there was a lot of approbation that we have to do we want
approbation that we have to do we want
approbation that we have to do we want to be able to use more colors of the
to be able to use more colors of the
to be able to use more colors of the light we want to make this a much faster
light we want to make this a much faster
light we want to make this a much faster rate and have higher efficiencies and
rate and have higher efficiencies and
rate and have higher efficiencies and photosynthesis so there are a lot of
photosynthesis so there are a lot of
photosynthesis so there are a lot of experiments to do and we’re really
experiments to do and we’re really
experiments to do and we’re really excited about it but we learn a couple
excited about it but we learn a couple
excited about it but we learn a couple of things we learn how is the machinery
of things we learn how is the machinery
of things we learn how is the machinery of how artificial photosynthesis
of how artificial photosynthesis
of how artificial photosynthesis materials work so we know how to make
materials work so we know how to make
materials work so we know how to make them better we know that we can create
them better we know that we can create
them better we know that we can create new science that can help us to adapt to
new science that can help us to adapt to
new science that can help us to adapt to climate change and then we can fight it
climate change and then we can fight it
climate change and then we can fight it and then we can make a profit we learn
and then we can make a profit we learn
and then we can make a profit we learn also that we can go beyond
also that we can go beyond
also that we can go beyond photosynthesis then we can we frameworks
photosynthesis then we can we frameworks
photosynthesis then we can we frameworks with all the elements of the periodic
with all the elements of the periodic
with all the elements of the periodic table and we can use them to explore new
table and we can use them to explore new
table and we can use them to explore new properties to discover new unknown
properties to discover new unknown
properties to discover new unknown phenomena that we can make atoms and
phenomena that we can make atoms and
phenomena that we can make atoms and molecules organized exactly the way we
molecules organized exactly the way we
molecules organized exactly the way we want them and I know that I am already
want them and I know that I am already
want them and I know that I am already nerding out really hard in here but this
nerding out really hard in here but this
nerding out really hard in here but this is the kind of things that we chemists
is the kind of things that we chemists
is the kind of things that we chemists dream about of course I cannot do any of
dream about of course I cannot do any of
dream about of course I cannot do any of these alone I need to rely on the jungle
these alone I need to rely on the jungle
these alone I need to rely on the jungle generation of people so we need to make
generation of people so we need to make
generation of people so we need to make science and technology more attractive
science and technology more attractive
science and technology more attractive so what we do is that we bring students
so what we do is that we bring students
so what we do is that we bring students to our labs we do science demonstrations
to our labs we do science demonstrations
to our labs we do science demonstrations like we do every year in our stem day
like we do every year in our stem day
like we do every year in our stem day we go to the schools and we organize
we go to the schools and we organize
we go to the schools and we organize activities like the national crystal
activities like the national crystal
activities like the national crystal growing competition that we do every
growing competition that we do every
growing competition that we do every year so the students can do the
year so the students can do the
year so the students can do the experiments themselves so they can
experiments themselves so they can
experiments themselves so they can understand science and see how
understand science and see how
understand science and see how fascinating it is we also need to make
fascinating it is we also need to make
fascinating it is we also need to make science and technology more diverse so
science and technology more diverse so
science and technology more diverse so we work with the Alliance for diversity
we work with the Alliance for diversity
we work with the Alliance for diversity in science and engineering a national
in science and engineering a national
in science and engineering a national nonprofit organization that being
nonprofit organization that being
nonprofit organization that being together students and faculty from all
together students and faculty from all
together students and faculty from all backgrounds because diversity enriches
backgrounds because diversity enriches
backgrounds because diversity enriches us and it is what makes America great we
us and it is what makes America great we
us and it is what makes America great we need to encourage our children to be
need to encourage our children to be
need to encourage our children to be curious to ask questions so they can
curious to ask questions so they can
curious to ask questions so they can become the scientists and the engineers
become the scientists and the engineers
become the scientists and the engineers of the future like my students in my
of the future like my students in my
of the future like my students in my research group they
research group they
research group they the one that are mixing the chemicals
the one that are mixing the chemicals
the one that are mixing the chemicals making the materials and testing the
making the materials and testing the
making the materials and testing the photosynthesis they are the ones who are
photosynthesis they are the ones who are
photosynthesis they are the ones who are going to make the new scientific
going to make the new scientific
going to make the new scientific discovery the new technological
discovery the new technological
discovery the new technological advancement so that with them together
advancement so that with them together
advancement so that with them together we can solve this problem of global
we can solve this problem of global
we can solve this problem of global warming because guess what we need their
warming because guess what we need their
warming because guess what we need their help thank you very much
help thank you very much
help thank you very much [Applause]
”
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