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Antibiotic Stewardship | Paul Green | TEDxErie


I want to sell you a car isn’t it

I want to sell you a car isn’t it gorgeous it’s got the best gas mileage

gorgeous it’s got the best gas mileage

gorgeous it’s got the best gas mileage of anything on the market today all the

of anything on the market today all the

of anything on the market today all the high-end specialty services that you

high-end specialty services that you

high-end specialty services that you want there in this car it’s exactly what

want there in this car it’s exactly what

want there in this car it’s exactly what you need to get you where you’re going

you need to get you where you’re going

you need to get you where you’re going and I know that’s why you came here

and I know that’s why you came here

and I know that’s why you came here today was to get something like this

today was to get something like this

today was to get something like this in fact I’ve sold one to every person in

in fact I’ve sold one to every person in

in fact I’ve sold one to every person in your situation that’s come to see me for

your situation that’s come to see me for

your situation that’s come to see me for the last several months at least now

the last several months at least now

the last several months at least now there is one downside I mean we can sell

there is one downside I mean we can sell

there is one downside I mean we can sell you this car today you can drive at home

you this car today you can drive at home

you this car today you can drive at home we’ll figure out the qualifications and

we’ll figure out the qualifications and

we’ll figure out the qualifications and all the financing sometime in the future

all the financing sometime in the future

all the financing sometime in the future but if it turns out that you don’t

but if it turns out that you don’t

but if it turns out that you don’t actually qualify to buy this car and you

actually qualify to buy this car and you

actually qualify to buy this car and you keep driving it that amazing gas mileage

keep driving it that amazing gas mileage

keep driving it that amazing gas mileage that it has is really gonna start to

that it has is really gonna start to

that it has is really gonna start to drop off in fact that’s not just for

drop off in fact that’s not just for

drop off in fact that’s not just for your car or even just for the cars that

your car or even just for the cars that

your car or even just for the cars that I’ve sold to people around here that’s

I’ve sold to people around here that’s

I’ve sold to people around here that’s for all of these cars all around the

for all of these cars all around the

for all of these cars all around the world the manufacturers even saying now

world the manufacturers even saying now

world the manufacturers even saying now that perhaps if we keep accidentally

that perhaps if we keep accidentally

that perhaps if we keep accidentally giving these cars to people that don’t

giving these cars to people that don’t

giving these cars to people that don’t really qualify for them they’re

really qualify for them they’re

really qualify for them they’re eventually just gonna stop starting all

eventually just gonna stop starting all

eventually just gonna stop starting all together and there’s one other thing I

together and there’s one other thing I

together and there’s one other thing I probably shouldn’t even mention it it

probably shouldn’t even mention it it

probably shouldn’t even mention it it almost never happens but if you happen

almost never happens but if you happen

almost never happens but if you happen to drive this car and not qualify

to drive this car and not qualify

to drive this car and not qualify there’s this off chance that you’ll

there’s this off chance that you’ll

there’s this off chance that you’ll develop a really nasty limp that you’re

develop a really nasty limp that you’re

develop a really nasty limp that you’re gonna have for the rest of your life but

gonna have for the rest of your life but

gonna have for the rest of your life but you’re still interested right so I know

you’re still interested right so I know

you’re still interested right so I know this sounds like a ridiculous situation

this sounds like a ridiculous situation

this sounds like a ridiculous situation but this is more akin to one of the most

but this is more akin to one of the most

but this is more akin to one of the most important situations that we’re facing

important situations that we’re facing

important situations that we’re facing in our health care system today than you

in our health care system today than you

in our health care system today than you might realize

might realize

might realize take a minute and think about the last

take a minute and think about the last

take a minute and think about the last time that you went to see your primary

time that you went to see your primary

time that you went to see your primary care physician because you weren’t

care physician because you weren’t

care physician because you weren’t feeling well maybe you had a cold or

feeling well maybe you had a cold or

feeling well maybe you had a cold or your allergies were acting up maybe it

your allergies were acting up maybe it

your allergies were acting up maybe it was even the dreaded flu

was even the dreaded flu

was even the dreaded flu try to think back and remember what did

try to think back and remember what did

try to think back and remember what did you want in that moment

you want in that moment

you want in that moment out of that interaction so that you

out of that interaction so that you

out of that interaction so that you would feel like you’d been well cared

would feel like you’d been well cared

would feel like you’d been well cared for and gotten some value for your copay

for and gotten some value for your copay

for and gotten some value for your copay if you’re like most Americans you wanted

if you’re like most Americans you wanted

if you’re like most Americans you wanted more than just some reassuring words in

more than just some reassuring words in

more than just some reassuring words in fact recent studies have shown that

fact recent studies have shown that

fact recent studies have shown that Americans are looking for either an

Americans are looking for either an

Americans are looking for either an in-office treatment a referral to a

in-office treatment a referral to a

in-office treatment a referral to a specialist or a prescription to take

specialist or a prescription to take

specialist or a prescription to take home in order to leave happy from their

home in order to leave happy from their

home in order to leave happy from their doctor’s office according to a 2016

doctor’s office according to a 2016

doctor’s office according to a 2016 study over 90% of providers are feeling

study over 90% of providers are feeling

study over 90% of providers are feeling that pressure and giving in 90% of

that pressure and giving in 90% of

that pressure and giving in 90% of general care practitioners have given

general care practitioners have given

general care practitioners have given patients a prescription even if they

patients a prescription even if they

patients a prescription even if they didn’t really want to and 70% of those

didn’t really want to and 70% of those

didn’t really want to and 70% of those prescriptions were for antibiotics even

prescriptions were for antibiotics even

prescriptions were for antibiotics even if the provider couldn’t tell exactly

if the provider couldn’t tell exactly

if the provider couldn’t tell exactly what infection the patient had or even

what infection the patient had or even

what infection the patient had or even if they had one at all

if they had one at all

if they had one at all and within that 50% of the time these

and within that 50% of the time these

and within that 50% of the time these prescribers had been giving antibiotic

prescribers had been giving antibiotic

prescribers had been giving antibiotic prescriptions even when they knew that

prescriptions even when they knew that

prescriptions even when they knew that the patient probably only had a cold or

the patient probably only had a cold or

the patient probably only had a cold or the flu which are diseases caused by

the flu which are diseases caused by

the flu which are diseases caused by viruses and antibiotics won’t help those

this is a pretty staggering thing to

this is a pretty staggering thing to stop and think about especially when you

stop and think about especially when you

stop and think about especially when you realize that there are over 260 million

realize that there are over 260 million

realize that there are over 260 million courses of antibiotics prescribed each

courses of antibiotics prescribed each

courses of antibiotics prescribed each year in the United States that’s enough

year in the United States that’s enough

year in the United States that’s enough for five out of every six Americans to

for five out of every six Americans to

for five out of every six Americans to get a course of antibiotics every year

get a course of antibiotics every year

get a course of antibiotics every year and according to a recent study one out

and according to a recent study one out

and according to a recent study one out of every three of those courses of

of every three of those courses of

of every three of those courses of outpatient antibiotics is either

outpatient antibiotics is either

outpatient antibiotics is either inappropriate or completely unnecessary

inappropriate or completely unnecessary

inappropriate or completely unnecessary and don’t think that this is just

and don’t think that this is just

and don’t think that this is just doctors offices or an outpatient side

doctors offices or an outpatient side

doctors offices or an outpatient side hospitals are suffering the same issues

hospitals are suffering the same issues

hospitals are suffering the same issues when it comes to antibiotic misuse the

when it comes to antibiotic misuse the

when it comes to antibiotic misuse the World Health Organization says that over

World Health Organization says that over

World Health Organization says that over half of the patients admitted to u.s.

half of the patients admitted to u.s.

half of the patients admitted to u.s. hospitals receive at least one dose of

hospitals receive at least one dose of

hospitals receive at least one dose of an antibiotic during their stay and that

an antibiotic during their stay and that

an antibiotic during their stay and that same report goes on to say that half of

same report goes on to say that half of

same report goes on to say that half of those antibiotics

those antibiotics

those antibiotics products are again either unnecessary or

products are again either unnecessary or

products are again either unnecessary or inappropriate all of this antibiotic

inappropriate all of this antibiotic

inappropriate all of this antibiotic misuse on both the inpatient and the

misuse on both the inpatient and the

misuse on both the inpatient and the outpatient side it’s not without

outpatient side it’s not without

outpatient side it’s not without consequences

consequences

consequences the more we expose bacteria to

the more we expose bacteria to

the more we expose bacteria to antibiotics without appropriately

antibiotics without appropriately

antibiotics without appropriately killing them or overuse these

killing them or overuse these

killing them or overuse these antibiotics the more the bacteria become

antibiotics the more the bacteria become

antibiotics the more the bacteria become accustomed to them they evolve they

accustomed to them they evolve they

accustomed to them they evolve they become more resistant in fact each year

become more resistant in fact each year

become more resistant in fact each year over 2 million Americans become infected

over 2 million Americans become infected

over 2 million Americans become infected with bacteria that are resistant to the

with bacteria that are resistant to the

with bacteria that are resistant to the first line of antibiotics that we would

first line of antibiotics that we would

first line of antibiotics that we would choose to treat them those resistant

choose to treat them those resistant

choose to treat them those resistant infections those resistant infections

infections those resistant infections

infections those resistant infections they cost our health care system over 20

they cost our health care system over 20

they cost our health care system over 20 billion dollars in excess healthcare

billion dollars in excess healthcare

billion dollars in excess healthcare costs and lead to 23,000 deaths each

costs and lead to 23,000 deaths each

costs and lead to 23,000 deaths each year so with all of this talk that you

year so with all of this talk that you

year so with all of this talk that you see in the media recently about

see in the media recently about

see in the media recently about so-called superbugs these incredibly

so-called superbugs these incredibly

so-called superbugs these incredibly resistant bacteria for which there’s no

resistant bacteria for which there’s no

resistant bacteria for which there’s no treatment and people are dying every day

treatment and people are dying every day

treatment and people are dying every day you might start to think that this is a

you might start to think that this is a

you might start to think that this is a really modern problem that we’re facing

really modern problem that we’re facing

really modern problem that we’re facing but in fact that’s just not true

but in fact that’s just not true

but in fact that’s just not true in fact this gentleman Sir Alexander

in fact this gentleman Sir Alexander

in fact this gentleman Sir Alexander Fleming the man who discovered

Fleming the man who discovered

Fleming the man who discovered penicillin and the father of modern

penicillin and the father of modern

penicillin and the father of modern antibiotics

antibiotics

antibiotics he called this 172 years ago in an

he called this 172 years ago in an

he called this 172 years ago in an interview that he gave with the New York

interview that he gave with the New York

interview that he gave with the New York Times in 1945 to paraphrase what dr.

Times in 1945 to paraphrase what dr.

Times in 1945 to paraphrase what dr. Fleming said was that as people become

Fleming said was that as people become

Fleming said was that as people become more accustomed to this idea of

more accustomed to this idea of

more accustomed to this idea of antibiotics they’re gonna start thinking

antibiotics they’re gonna start thinking

antibiotics they’re gonna start thinking that they need them maybe even when they

that they need them maybe even when they

that they need them maybe even when they don’t and they’re gonna start asking for

don’t and they’re gonna start asking for

don’t and they’re gonna start asking for them specifically and as we start

them specifically and as we start

them specifically and as we start handing out these antibiotics more and

handing out these antibiotics more and

handing out these antibiotics more and more the bacteria are going to continue

more the bacteria are going to continue

more the bacteria are going to continue to evolve and grow and they’re going to

to evolve and grow and they’re going to

to evolve and grow and they’re going to get smarter and eventually the

get smarter and eventually the

get smarter and eventually the antibiotics that we have just aren’t

antibiotics that we have just aren’t

antibiotics that we have just aren’t gonna work anymore and people are going

gonna work anymore and people are going

gonna work anymore and people are going to start to die we’ve seen that exact

to start to die we’ve seen that exact

to start to die we’ve seen that exact scenario that he talked about play out

scenario that he talked about play out

scenario that he talked about play out over the last eight decades this graph

over the last eight decades this graph

over the last eight decades this graph is an example of perhaps the most

is an example of perhaps the most

is an example of perhaps the most commonly discussed resistant bacteria

commonly discussed resistant bacteria

commonly discussed resistant bacteria it’s called methicillin-resistant

it’s called methicillin-resistant

it’s called methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus you’ve probably heard about it it’s most

you’ve probably heard about it it’s most

you’ve probably heard about it it’s most commonly referred to as mersa in the

commonly referred to as mersa in the

commonly referred to as mersa in the public okay

public okay

public okay Merce is not special in any way it

Merce is not special in any way it

Merce is not special in any way it doesn’t show some unusual trend in fact

doesn’t show some unusual trend in fact

doesn’t show some unusual trend in fact it’s actually pretty typical of what

it’s actually pretty typical of what

it’s actually pretty typical of what we’re seeing with all bacteria around

we’re seeing with all bacteria around

we’re seeing with all bacteria around the world and that is as we expose them

the world and that is as we expose them

the world and that is as we expose them more and more to these antibiotics a

more and more to these antibiotics a

more and more to these antibiotics a higher and higher percentage of them are

higher and higher percentage of them are

higher and higher percentage of them are becoming resistant to those antibiotics

becoming resistant to those antibiotics

becoming resistant to those antibiotics and we’re having to move on to find new

and we’re having to move on to find new

and we’re having to move on to find new treatments and those treatments are

treatments and those treatments are

treatments and those treatments are difficult to come by but what’s the big

difficult to come by but what’s the big

difficult to come by but what’s the big worry big farmers gonna come and just

worry big farmers gonna come and just

worry big farmers gonna come and just save us all right it’s not a big deal

save us all right it’s not a big deal

save us all right it’s not a big deal they’re just gonna create some new

they’re just gonna create some new

they’re just gonna create some new antibiotics and they’ll just treat the

antibiotics and they’ll just treat the

antibiotics and they’ll just treat the resistant bacteria that way yeah if only

resistant bacteria that way yeah if only

resistant bacteria that way yeah if only it was that simple first of all we need

it was that simple first of all we need

it was that simple first of all we need to talk about the fact that it takes an

to talk about the fact that it takes an

to talk about the fact that it takes an extremely long amount of time to develop

extremely long amount of time to develop

extremely long amount of time to develop a new drug especially an antibiotic

a new drug especially an antibiotic

a new drug especially an antibiotic sometimes as much as a decade from

sometimes as much as a decade from

sometimes as much as a decade from inception to actually hitting the market

inception to actually hitting the market

inception to actually hitting the market then there’s the fact that antibiotics

then there’s the fact that antibiotics

then there’s the fact that antibiotics really don’t make money for the drug

really don’t make money for the drug

really don’t make money for the drug companies think about the way that

companies think about the way that

companies think about the way that medications are used to treat things

medications are used to treat things

medications are used to treat things like high blood pressure or diabetes

like high blood pressure or diabetes

like high blood pressure or diabetes typically when a patient starts one of

typically when a patient starts one of

typically when a patient starts one of those they take them for the rest of

those they take them for the rest of

those they take them for the rest of their lives that’s in direct contrast of

their lives that’s in direct contrast of

their lives that’s in direct contrast of the way that we use antibiotics where

the way that we use antibiotics where

the way that we use antibiotics where the patients usually only take them for

the patients usually only take them for

the patients usually only take them for a few days or maybe a few weeks it’s

a few days or maybe a few weeks it’s

a few days or maybe a few weeks it’s much harder for the drug companies to

much harder for the drug companies to

much harder for the drug companies to make a profit when you’re taking

make a profit when you’re taking

make a profit when you’re taking something for days instead of decades

something for days instead of decades

something for days instead of decades and then there’s the fact that when we

and then there’s the fact that when we

and then there’s the fact that when we do finally get some new antibiotics to

do finally get some new antibiotics to

do finally get some new antibiotics to come to market the prescribers that

come to market the prescribers that

come to market the prescribers that write for them they usually squirrel

write for them they usually squirrel

write for them they usually squirrel them away and keep them only for their

them away and keep them only for their

them away and keep them only for their sickest patients only bringing them out

sickest patients only bringing them out

sickest patients only bringing them out when absolutely necessary so that they

when absolutely necessary so that they

when absolutely necessary so that they don’t fall victim to these same

don’t fall victim to these same

don’t fall victim to these same resistance patterns that we’re seeing

resistance patterns that we’re seeing

resistance patterns that we’re seeing with other antibiotics so when you add

with other antibiotics so when you add

with other antibiotics so when you add all these things up it’s no surprise

all these things up it’s no surprise

all these things up it’s no surprise that over the past thirty five years

that over the past thirty five years

that over the past thirty five years we’ve seen the rate of new antibiotics

we’ve seen the rate of new antibiotics

we’ve seen the rate of new antibiotics hitting the US market dropped from

hitting the US market dropped from

hitting the US market dropped from roughly four per year down to only one

roughly four per year down to only one

roughly four per year down to only one every other year please don’t get me

every other year please don’t get me

every other year please don’t get me wrong I am NOT saying that we need to

wrong I am NOT saying that we need to

wrong I am NOT saying that we need to stop using

stop using

stop using antibiotics far from it antibiotics are

antibiotics far from it antibiotics are

antibiotics far from it antibiotics are miraculous things they are life-saving

miraculous things they are life-saving

miraculous things they are life-saving medications that we use every day in the

medications that we use every day in the

medications that we use every day in the healthcare system

healthcare system

healthcare system to save people and to treat them but in

to save people and to treat them but in

to save people and to treat them but in order to do that we need to use them

order to do that we need to use them

order to do that we need to use them appropriately something has to change in

appropriately something has to change in

appropriately something has to change in the cavalier attitude with which we’re

the cavalier attitude with which we’re

the cavalier attitude with which we’re currently treating them think about the

currently treating them think about the

currently treating them think about the rain forests or rare animals any number

rain forests or rare animals any number

rain forests or rare animals any number of more popular things that have become

of more popular things that have become

of more popular things that have become rare and endangered over the last

rare and endangered over the last

rare and endangered over the last several decades when we see these things

several decades when we see these things

several decades when we see these things happen and we all band together as a

happen and we all band together as a

happen and we all band together as a united people and we say we need to stop

united people and we say we need to stop

united people and we say we need to stop this before we lose these precious

this before we lose these precious

this before we lose these precious things and often these often these tasks

things and often these often these tasks

things and often these often these tasks of moving towards preserving them are

of moving towards preserving them are

of moving towards preserving them are referred to as stewardship so we find

referred to as stewardship so we find

referred to as stewardship so we find ourselves at a crossroads we now realize

ourselves at a crossroads we now realize

ourselves at a crossroads we now realize that creating new antibiotics is

that creating new antibiotics is

that creating new antibiotics is probably not going to be able to occur

probably not going to be able to occur

probably not going to be able to occur fast enough to keep us up with the

fast enough to keep us up with the

fast enough to keep us up with the bacteria as they evolve and so we have

bacteria as they evolve and so we have

bacteria as they evolve and so we have to forge a new path and that new path is

to forge a new path and that new path is

to forge a new path and that new path is called antimicrobial stewardship so

called antimicrobial stewardship so

called antimicrobial stewardship so antimicrobial stewardship is defined a

antimicrobial stewardship is defined a

antimicrobial stewardship is defined a lot of ways but it’s often that we look

lot of ways but it’s often that we look

lot of ways but it’s often that we look at the fact that we need to not only use

at the fact that we need to not only use

at the fact that we need to not only use antibiotics appropriately but we need to

antibiotics appropriately but we need to

antibiotics appropriately but we need to monitor that utilization and see where

monitor that utilization and see where

monitor that utilization and see where we’re going see if it’s making any

we’re going see if it’s making any

we’re going see if it’s making any improvement and the major goal of this

improvement and the major goal of this

improvement and the major goal of this stewardship effort is that we have good

stewardship effort is that we have good

stewardship effort is that we have good clinical impact we’re getting good

clinical impact we’re getting good

clinical impact we’re getting good effectiveness out of the antibiotics and

effectiveness out of the antibiotics and

effectiveness out of the antibiotics and we’re not seeing under the negative

we’re not seeing under the negative

we’re not seeing under the negative consequences whether that be toxicities

consequences whether that be toxicities

consequences whether that be toxicities or increases in resistance so in its

or increases in resistance so in its

or increases in resistance so in its most simple terms antibiotic stewardship

most simple terms antibiotic stewardship

most simple terms antibiotic stewardship can be described as patients getting the

can be described as patients getting the

can be described as patients getting the correct drug to treat the specific type

correct drug to treat the specific type

correct drug to treat the specific type of infection that they have and the

of infection that they have and the

of infection that they have and the specific bacteria with which they’re

specific bacteria with which they’re

specific bacteria with which they’re infected to do that we need to give them

infected to do that we need to give them

infected to do that we need to give them the correct dose and give it via the

the correct dose and give it via the

the correct dose and give it via the most appropriate route whether that be

most appropriate route whether that be

most appropriate route whether that be oral

oral

oral or injection or something else and we

or injection or something else and we

or injection or something else and we need to use these antibiotics for the

need to use these antibiotics for the

need to use these antibiotics for the shortest amount of time possible to

shortest amount of time possible to

shortest amount of time possible to still be effective so now that we have a

still be effective so now that we have a

still be effective so now that we have a general understanding of where we stand

general understanding of where we stand

general understanding of where we stand and how we’re stacking up against the

and how we’re stacking up against the

and how we’re stacking up against the bacteria how can we as individuals as

bacteria how can we as individuals as

bacteria how can we as individuals as patients and is just people in this

patients and is just people in this

patients and is just people in this world becomes stewards of antibiotics

world becomes stewards of antibiotics

world becomes stewards of antibiotics specifically but of our healthcare in

specifically but of our healthcare in

specifically but of our healthcare in general let’s go back to that car lot

general let’s go back to that car lot

general let’s go back to that car lot where we started and see some specific

where we started and see some specific

where we started and see some specific tasks that we might be able to take

tasks that we might be able to take

tasks that we might be able to take really the first question that we need

really the first question that we need

really the first question that we need to answer is do I even need a new car to

to answer is do I even need a new car to

to answer is do I even need a new car to begin with do I have an infection at all

begin with do I have an infection at all

begin with do I have an infection at all and if I do is it the type of infection

and if I do is it the type of infection

and if I do is it the type of infection that an antibiotic can treat remember

that an antibiotic can treat remember

that an antibiotic can treat remember antibiotics only treat bacteria but

antibiotics only treat bacteria but

antibiotics only treat bacteria but things like the common cold or the flu

things like the common cold or the flu

things like the common cold or the flu those are caused by viruses and

those are caused by viruses and

those are caused by viruses and antibiotics won’t treat them then

antibiotics won’t treat them then

antibiotics won’t treat them then there’s the fact that things like coughs

there’s the fact that things like coughs

there’s the fact that things like coughs runny noses ear infections bronchitis

runny noses ear infections bronchitis

runny noses ear infections bronchitis even though these are often caused by

even though these are often caused by

even though these are often caused by minor bacterial infections they’re often

minor bacterial infections they’re often

minor bacterial infections they’re often what’s considered self-limiting meaning

what’s considered self-limiting meaning

what’s considered self-limiting meaning that a healthy person in general with

that a healthy person in general with

that a healthy person in general with good nutrition and some rest

good nutrition and some rest

good nutrition and some rest they can fight off those infections

they can fight off those infections

they can fight off those infections without actually needing an antibiotic

without actually needing an antibiotic

without actually needing an antibiotic at all so what we need to start doing is

at all so what we need to start doing is

at all so what we need to start doing is having these conversations with our

having these conversations with our

having these conversations with our healthcare providers we need to start

healthcare providers we need to start

healthcare providers we need to start establishing a role of do we need an

establishing a role of do we need an

establishing a role of do we need an antibiotic or is it possibly better to

antibiotic or is it possibly better to

antibiotic or is it possibly better to take a stance of watchful waiting give

take a stance of watchful waiting give

take a stance of watchful waiting give it a few days see if we get better

it a few days see if we get better

it a few days see if we get better instead of starting that antibiotic on

instead of starting that antibiotic on

instead of starting that antibiotic on day one not all antibiotics kill all

day one not all antibiotics kill all

day one not all antibiotics kill all types of bacteria it’s very important

types of bacteria it’s very important

types of bacteria it’s very important that whenever possible we have our

that whenever possible we have our

that whenever possible we have our health care providers collect a culture

health care providers collect a culture

health care providers collect a culture of some cells from our body that they

of some cells from our body that they

of some cells from our body that they can send to a lab so they can grow the

can send to a lab so they can grow the

can send to a lab so they can grow the specific bacteria that’s causing the

specific bacteria that’s causing the

specific bacteria that’s causing the infection that we have that bacteria can

infection that we have that bacteria can

infection that we have that bacteria can be

be

be by the lab and then test it against a

by the lab and then test it against a

by the lab and then test it against a myriad of antibiotics to see which ones

myriad of antibiotics to see which ones

myriad of antibiotics to see which ones kill it best

kill it best

kill it best once the provider has that type of

once the provider has that type of

once the provider has that type of information they can be very specific in

information they can be very specific in

information they can be very specific in selecting the most appropriate

selecting the most appropriate

selecting the most appropriate antibiotics to kill the bacteria that’s

antibiotics to kill the bacteria that’s

antibiotics to kill the bacteria that’s infecting our body without accidentally

infecting our body without accidentally

infecting our body without accidentally causing some of the other unintended

causing some of the other unintended

causing some of the other unintended consequences so as patients we need to

consequences so as patients we need to

consequences so as patients we need to get more accustomed to the idea that

get more accustomed to the idea that

get more accustomed to the idea that perhaps in the middle of the course of

perhaps in the middle of the course of

perhaps in the middle of the course of antibiotics that we’ve been prescribed

antibiotics that we’ve been prescribed

antibiotics that we’ve been prescribed the phone’s gonna ring and we’re gonna

the phone’s gonna ring and we’re gonna

the phone’s gonna ring and we’re gonna get a call from the doctor saying you

get a call from the doctor saying you

get a call from the doctor saying you know I need you to stop that one and go

know I need you to stop that one and go

know I need you to stop that one and go back to the pharmacy I know it’s going

back to the pharmacy I know it’s going

back to the pharmacy I know it’s going to be another copay but this is

to be another copay but this is

to be another copay but this is important we need to change the

important we need to change the

important we need to change the antibiotics that you’re on so that we

antibiotics that you’re on so that we

antibiotics that you’re on so that we can be the most targeted and selective

can be the most targeted and selective

can be the most targeted and selective that we need to so that we can be

that we need to so that we can be

that we need to so that we can be healthier people overall and get you

healthier people overall and get you

healthier people overall and get you healthy as soon as possible dosing

healthy as soon as possible dosing

healthy as soon as possible dosing antibiotics is not a trivial task not

antibiotics is not a trivial task not

antibiotics is not a trivial task not only do we need to take into account the

only do we need to take into account the

only do we need to take into account the fact that even the same antibiotic might

fact that even the same antibiotic might

fact that even the same antibiotic might have different doses to treat different

have different doses to treat different

have different doses to treat different bacteria and different infections around

bacteria and different infections around

bacteria and different infections around your body but you also need to make sure

your body but you also need to make sure

your body but you also need to make sure that you always share with your

that you always share with your

that you always share with your healthcare provider what medications

healthcare provider what medications

healthcare provider what medications you’re taking even if those are

you’re taking even if those are

you’re taking even if those are over-the-counter medications or

over-the-counter medications or

over-the-counter medications or supplements because that sort of

supplements because that sort of

supplements because that sort of information could really play into the

information could really play into the

information could really play into the way that antibiotics are dosed we also

way that antibiotics are dosed we also

way that antibiotics are dosed we also need to realize the fact that every once

need to realize the fact that every once

need to realize the fact that every once in a while we might need some bloodwork

in a while we might need some bloodwork

in a while we might need some bloodwork to figure out how well our organs are

to figure out how well our organs are

to figure out how well our organs are functioning where specifically our

functioning where specifically our

functioning where specifically our kidneys and our liver and every once in

kidneys and our liver and every once in

kidneys and our liver and every once in a while we also need to get bloodwork to

a while we also need to get bloodwork to

a while we also need to get bloodwork to monitor antibiotics to see that we’re

monitor antibiotics to see that we’re

monitor antibiotics to see that we’re getting the appropriate levels in our

getting the appropriate levels in our

getting the appropriate levels in our body by taking the doses we are without

body by taking the doses we are without

body by taking the doses we are without causing toxicity to us but while still

causing toxicity to us but while still

causing toxicity to us but while still killing the bacteria appropriately so

killing the bacteria appropriately so

killing the bacteria appropriately so now that we’ve established that we need

now that we’ve established that we need

now that we’ve established that we need to take the right dose of antibiotic and

to take the right dose of antibiotic and

to take the right dose of antibiotic and that we need to use it in the most

that we need to use it in the most

that we need to use it in the most appropriate way possible we need to talk

appropriate way possible we need to talk

appropriate way possible we need to talk about how long we take those antibiotics

about how long we take those antibiotics

about how long we take those antibiotics certain antibiotics can be used to treat

certain antibiotics can be used to treat

certain antibiotics can be used to treat things such as simple urinary tract

things such as simple urinary tract

things such as simple urinary tract infections and as quick as three days

infections and as quick as three days

infections and as quick as three days but some more complicated infections

but some more complicated infections

but some more complicated infections such as those in the bones sometimes

such as those in the bones sometimes

such as those in the bones sometimes required

required

required for weeks or even months we need to be

for weeks or even months we need to be

for weeks or even months we need to be able to have open conversations again

able to have open conversations again

able to have open conversations again with our providers to discuss do I

with our providers to discuss do I

with our providers to discuss do I really need this prescription for 14

really need this prescription for 14

really need this prescription for 14 days or even 10 days is there a shorter

days or even 10 days is there a shorter

days or even 10 days is there a shorter treatment course that I could be on that

treatment course that I could be on that

treatment course that I could be on that would be just as efficacious but won’t

would be just as efficacious but won’t

would be just as efficacious but won’t put me at risk for any of the downside

put me at risk for any of the downside

put me at risk for any of the downside that antibiotics can bring and finally

that antibiotics can bring and finally

that antibiotics can bring and finally be nice to your healthcare providers

be nice to your healthcare providers

be nice to your healthcare providers they have your best interest at heart

they have your best interest at heart

they have your best interest at heart they want you to be happy and healthy as

they want you to be happy and healthy as

they want you to be happy and healthy as much as you do don’t pressure them into

much as you do don’t pressure them into

much as you do don’t pressure them into giving you a prescription for an

giving you a prescription for an

giving you a prescription for an antibiotic or for any other medication

antibiotic or for any other medication

antibiotic or for any other medication for that matter

for that matter

for that matter study after study year after year we’ve

study after study year after year we’ve

study after study year after year we’ve seen that they’ll probably just give it

seen that they’ll probably just give it

seen that they’ll probably just give it to you if you ask and that’s not good

to you if you ask and that’s not good

to you if you ask and that’s not good for you it’s not good for the rest of

for you it’s not good for the rest of

for you it’s not good for the rest of the world so going forward be stewards

the world so going forward be stewards

the world so going forward be stewards of your antibiotics take an active role

of your antibiotics take an active role

of your antibiotics take an active role in your healthcare openly discuss with

in your healthcare openly discuss with

in your healthcare openly discuss with your health care providers whether you

your health care providers whether you

your health care providers whether you have in real infection that can be

have in real infection that can be

have in real infection that can be helped by an antibiotic what dose of

helped by an antibiotic what dose of

helped by an antibiotic what dose of antibiotic what you need to treat that

antibiotic what you need to treat that

antibiotic what you need to treat that infection and what’s the shortest amount

infection and what’s the shortest amount

infection and what’s the shortest amount of time that you can be on that

of time that you can be on that

of time that you can be on that antibiotic while still getting a good

antibiotic while still getting a good

antibiotic while still getting a good outcome in doing this you can to become

outcome in doing this you can to become

outcome in doing this you can to become an antimicrobial steward

[Applause]

[Applause] [Music]

[Music]

[Music] [Applause]

[Applause]

[Applause] [Music]

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