hi everyone I’m a little excited to be here and I can see some sparks of
here and I can see some sparks of
here and I can see some sparks of excitement in your faces as well that’s
excitement in your faces as well that’s
excitement in your faces as well that’s not quite lowering the pressure though
not quite lowering the pressure though
not quite lowering the pressure though so when I received the invitation to do
so when I received the invitation to do
so when I received the invitation to do the TEDx talk my first thought was wow
the TEDx talk my first thought was wow
the TEDx talk my first thought was wow how cool is that I always admired the
how cool is that I always admired the
how cool is that I always admired the speakers who could get up on stage and
speakers who could get up on stage and
speakers who could get up on stage and deliver an intellectually challenging
deliver an intellectually challenging
deliver an intellectually challenging topic in an entertaining way so as my
topic in an entertaining way so as my
topic in an entertaining way so as my flattered brain slowly made space for a
flattered brain slowly made space for a
flattered brain slowly made space for a second thought my mind went uh-oh
second thought my mind went uh-oh
second thought my mind went uh-oh because that was the moment I realized
because that was the moment I realized
because that was the moment I realized that that flattering speaker would need
that that flattering speaker would need
that that flattering speaker would need to be me and what idea was spreading can
to be me and what idea was spreading can
to be me and what idea was spreading can a miserable student in his mid-20s
a miserable student in his mid-20s
a miserable student in his mid-20s possibly share so that led me to a third
possibly share so that led me to a third
possibly share so that led me to a third thought which was you’re gonna embarrass
thought which was you’re gonna embarrass
thought which was you’re gonna embarrass yourself you’re gonna embarrass yourself
yourself you’re gonna embarrass yourself
yourself you’re gonna embarrass yourself in front of a lot of people and there’s
in front of a lot of people and there’s
in front of a lot of people and there’s likely going to be footage of that in
likely going to be footage of that in
likely going to be footage of that in the Internet that sounds like the
the Internet that sounds like the
the Internet that sounds like the straight way to the American presidency
straight way to the American presidency
straight way to the American presidency so let’s let’s get this started
so let’s let’s get this started
so let’s let’s get this started I’m a medical student and a doctoral
I’m a medical student and a doctoral
I’m a medical student and a doctoral candidate a doctoral candidate that
candidate a doctoral candidate that
candidate a doctoral candidate that sounds like when you go to kindergarten
sounds like when you go to kindergarten
sounds like when you go to kindergarten you see the big kids play high on top of
you see the big kids play high on top of
you see the big kids play high on top of a climbing frame only you’re not that
a climbing frame only you’re not that
a climbing frame only you’re not that kid you’re the one sitting down there as
kid you’re the one sitting down there as
kid you’re the one sitting down there as a doctoral candidate eating the sand
a doctoral candidate eating the sand
a doctoral candidate eating the sand that falls from the big kids shoes and
that falls from the big kids shoes and
that falls from the big kids shoes and out of that situation try to create a
out of that situation try to create a
out of that situation try to create a scientific paper so the area of science
scientific paper so the area of science
scientific paper so the area of science that I’m interested in is human
that I’m interested in is human
that I’m interested in is human cognition basically our thought process
cognition basically our thought process
cognition basically our thought process and specifically the thought models we
and specifically the thought models we
and specifically the thought models we develop around illness which are called
develop around illness which are called
develop around illness which are called illness perceptions in my research we
illness perceptions in my research we
illness perceptions in my research we investigated to what extent illness
investigated to what extent illness
investigated to what extent illness perceptions influenced handicapped as an
perceptions influenced handicapped as an
perceptions influenced handicapped as an outcome in patients with vertigo and
outcome in patients with vertigo and
outcome in patients with vertigo and dizziness vertigo and dizziness
dizziness vertigo and dizziness
dizziness vertigo and dizziness meaning the feeling that everything
meaning the feeling that everything
meaning the feeling that everything around you is turning or shaking so as
around you is turning or shaking so as
around you is turning or shaking so as we in
we in
we in gated this association we controlled for
gated this association we controlled for
gated this association we controlled for the severity of symptoms anxiety and
the severity of symptoms anxiety and
the severity of symptoms anxiety and depression your first thought might be
depression your first thought might be
depression your first thought might be well of course a person is more
well of course a person is more
well of course a person is more handicapped the more severe their
handicapped the more severe their
handicapped the more severe their symptoms are sounds logical secondly you
symptoms are sounds logical secondly you
symptoms are sounds logical secondly you might also know that anxiety is a state
might also know that anxiety is a state
might also know that anxiety is a state where people don’t feel well they feel
where people don’t feel well they feel
where people don’t feel well they feel shaky so it makes sense that people with
shaky so it makes sense that people with
shaky so it makes sense that people with anxiety are more handicapped and lastly
anxiety are more handicapped and lastly
anxiety are more handicapped and lastly you might know that depression is a
you might know that depression is a
you might know that depression is a state where people have absolutely no
state where people have absolutely no
state where people have absolutely no motivation to feel good or work for a
motivation to feel good or work for a
motivation to feel good or work for a positive outcome so it makes sense that
positive outcome so it makes sense that
positive outcome so it makes sense that depressive people are more handicapped
depressive people are more handicapped
depressive people are more handicapped than happy ones interestingly though
than happy ones interestingly though
than happy ones interestingly though what we found is that symptom severity
what we found is that symptom severity
what we found is that symptom severity anxiety and depression only explained 40
anxiety and depression only explained 40
anxiety and depression only explained 40 percent of the variance in handicap
percent of the variance in handicap
percent of the variance in handicap forty-two percent of the variance in
forty-two percent of the variance in
forty-two percent of the variance in handicap were explained by illness
handicap were explained by illness
handicap were explained by illness perceptions mostly by perceived
perceptions mostly by perceived
perceptions mostly by perceived consequences perceive consequences
consequences perceive consequences
consequences perceive consequences meaning the patient’s concept of how the
meaning the patient’s concept of how the
meaning the patient’s concept of how the illness affects their life physically
illness affects their life physically
illness affects their life physically socially and so forth so to sum this up
socially and so forth so to sum this up
socially and so forth so to sum this up what we found is that illness
what we found is that illness
what we found is that illness perceptions better explained handicap
perceptions better explained handicap
perceptions better explained handicap then did the severity of symptoms
then did the severity of symptoms
then did the severity of symptoms anxiety and depression together these
anxiety and depression together these
anxiety and depression together these results are also reflected in daily
results are also reflected in daily
results are also reflected in daily patient care I remember being at the
patient care I remember being at the
patient care I remember being at the outpatient clinic assisting an expert
outpatient clinic assisting an expert
outpatient clinic assisting an expert neurologist to see patients one patient
neurologist to see patients one patient
neurologist to see patients one patient came in barely able to walk she had to
came in barely able to walk she had to
came in barely able to walk she had to use walking sticks and was still heavily
use walking sticks and was still heavily
use walking sticks and was still heavily handicapped she was known to the
handicapped she was known to the
handicapped she was known to the neurologist for having benign paroxysmal
neurologist for having benign paroxysmal
neurologist for having benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and don’t worry were
positional vertigo and don’t worry were
positional vertigo and don’t worry were not gonna go into detail on this the
not gonna go into detail on this the
not gonna go into detail on this the only thing I would like you to know is
only thing I would like you to know is
only thing I would like you to know is that the cause for this illness lies in
that the cause for this illness lies in
that the cause for this illness lies in the inner ear in the vestibular organ
the inner ear in the vestibular organ
the inner ear in the vestibular organ where balance is measured in this organ
where balance is measured in this organ
where balance is measured in this organ there are little crystal stones that
there are little crystal stones that
there are little crystal stones that help to measure head position and
help to measure head position and
help to measure head position and movement so in our patients some of
movement so in our patients some of
movement so in our patients some of these little stones had fallen out of
these little stones had fallen out of
these little stones had fallen out of position rolling around disturbing her
position rolling around disturbing her
position rolling around disturbing her balance measurement so what do you think
balance measurement so what do you think
balance measurement so what do you think she had in her ear the Rolling Stones
she had in her ear the Rolling Stones
she had in her ear the Rolling Stones the Rolling Stones can be repositioned
the Rolling Stones can be repositioned
the Rolling Stones can be repositioned by a maneuver which we performed
by a maneuver which we performed
by a maneuver which we performed however the patient still couldn’t walk
however the patient still couldn’t walk
however the patient still couldn’t walk even though the stones should have been
even though the stones should have been
even though the stones should have been back in position she couldn’t get no
back in position she couldn’t get no
back in position she couldn’t get no satisfaction so the cost could have been
satisfaction so the cost could have been
satisfaction so the cost could have been that she had developed such strong
that she had developed such strong
that she had developed such strong beliefs she couldn’t walk that she
beliefs she couldn’t walk that she
beliefs she couldn’t walk that she actually couldn’t walk so what we did is
actually couldn’t walk so what we did is
actually couldn’t walk so what we did is we encouraged her to try and walk
we encouraged her to try and walk
we encouraged her to try and walk without her sticks with our support she
without her sticks with our support she
without her sticks with our support she could next we tried and motivated her to
could next we tried and motivated her to
could next we tried and motivated her to walk without our support and to take her
walk without our support and to take her
walk without our support and to take her attention away from the negative beliefs
attention away from the negative beliefs
attention away from the negative beliefs the neurologist
the neurologist
the neurologist drew numbers on the patient’s back and
drew numbers on the patient’s back and
drew numbers on the patient’s back and asked the patient to guess these numbers
asked the patient to guess these numbers
asked the patient to guess these numbers the patient started walking slowly
the patient started walking slowly
the patient started walking slowly steadily guessing the numbers and
steadily guessing the numbers and
steadily guessing the numbers and step-by-step went more upright straight
step-by-step went more upright straight
step-by-step went more upright straight without shaking how can this be possible
without shaking how can this be possible
without shaking how can this be possible the answer is simple by distracting the
the answer is simple by distracting the
the answer is simple by distracting the patient from her negative beliefs with
patient from her negative beliefs with
patient from her negative beliefs with the humble trick of drawing numbers on
the humble trick of drawing numbers on
the humble trick of drawing numbers on her back the patient could walk so why
her back the patient could walk so why
her back the patient could walk so why would you care what happens inside the
would you care what happens inside the
would you care what happens inside the minds of dizzy patients we like to look
minds of dizzy patients we like to look
minds of dizzy patients we like to look at the outside we like to fly to the
at the outside we like to fly to the
at the outside we like to fly to the moon dream about living on Mars we like
moon dream about living on Mars we like
moon dream about living on Mars we like to go big but what happens when you look
to go big but what happens when you look
to go big but what happens when you look at the inside what do you know about
at the inside what do you know about
at the inside what do you know about yourself you most likely know your
yourself you most likely know your
yourself you most likely know your weight you might also know your height
weight you might also know your height
weight you might also know your height because that’s important on tindr but
because that’s important on tindr but
because that’s important on tindr but what do you know about your perceptions
what do you know about your perceptions
what do you know about your perceptions about your cognitions about your beliefs
about your cognitions about your beliefs
about your cognitions about your beliefs sometimes I feel like we know more about
sometimes I feel like we know more about
sometimes I feel like we know more about Lucy which is a 10 quintillion carat
Lucy which is a 10 quintillion carat
Lucy which is a 10 quintillion carat diamond planet 38 trillion centimeters
diamond planet 38 trillion centimeters
diamond planet 38 trillion centimeters away from Earth then we know about the
away from Earth then we know about the
away from Earth then we know about the 15 centimeters between our ears and just
15 centimeters between our ears and just
15 centimeters between our ears and just imagine if a person who has an illness
imagine if a person who has an illness
imagine if a person who has an illness making them feel constantly shaky and
making them feel constantly shaky and
making them feel constantly shaky and unstable can walk by being distracted
unstable can walk by being distracted
unstable can walk by being distracted from her negative beliefs then what can
from her negative beliefs then what can
from her negative beliefs then what can young healthy and talented individuals
young healthy and talented individuals
young healthy and talented individuals like you do when changing beliefs
research suggests that you can perform
research suggests that you can perform better at your jobs you can have better
better at your jobs you can have better
better at your jobs you can have better relations and you can lead a happier
relations and you can lead a happier
relations and you can lead a happier life so yes
life so yes
life so yes believes matter to healthy persons as
believes matter to healthy persons as
believes matter to healthy persons as well it is as simple as how you perceive
well it is as simple as how you perceive
well it is as simple as how you perceive the situation you are in rory sutherland
the situation you are in rory sutherland
the situation you are in rory sutherland once compared two groups pensioners and
once compared two groups pensioners and
once compared two groups pensioners and young unemployed on the first side they
young unemployed on the first side they
young unemployed on the first side they don’t seem to have a lot in common
don’t seem to have a lot in common
don’t seem to have a lot in common and indeed penned in your show to be
and indeed penned in your show to be
and indeed penned in your show to be much happier however at a closer look
much happier however at a closer look
much happier however at a closer look both find themselves in quite a similar
both find themselves in quite a similar
both find themselves in quite a similar situation both have too much time at
situation both have too much time at
situation both have too much time at their hand no idea what to do with it
their hand no idea what to do with it
their hand no idea what to do with it and no money so Generation Y our
and no money so Generation Y our
and no money so Generation Y our generation we figured out an amazing
generation we figured out an amazing
generation we figured out an amazing trick for that situation we call too
trick for that situation we call too
trick for that situation we call too much time absolutely no idea what to do
much time absolutely no idea what to do
much time absolutely no idea what to do with our lives and no money gap here it
with our lives and no money gap here it
with our lives and no money gap here it sounds great and it feels great but more
sounds great and it feels great but more
sounds great and it feels great but more importantly what this tells us is that
importantly what this tells us is that
importantly what this tells us is that believes about certain situations can be
believes about certain situations can be
believes about certain situations can be changed by playing simple tricks and
changed by playing simple tricks and
changed by playing simple tricks and what I want to do with you now is I want
what I want to do with you now is I want
what I want to do with you now is I want to introduce you into two concepts that
to introduce you into two concepts that
to introduce you into two concepts that can help us to change our perceptions
can help us to change our perceptions
can help us to change our perceptions first don’t forget the positive most of
first don’t forget the positive most of
first don’t forget the positive most of the people focus on the negative the
the people focus on the negative the
the people focus on the negative the experience just as our patient from
experience just as our patient from
experience just as our patient from before focusing on the negative
before focusing on the negative
before focusing on the negative consequences of her illness she might
consequences of her illness she might
consequences of her illness she might have taken herself the ability to walk
have taken herself the ability to walk
have taken herself the ability to walk especially in academia we are trained
especially in academia we are trained
especially in academia we are trained for negative bias if you come to a
for negative bias if you come to a
for negative bias if you come to a doctor with one health problem we’ll
doctor with one health problem we’ll
doctor with one health problem we’ll find 10 more for you you come with a
find 10 more for you you come with a
find 10 more for you you come with a cuff we’ll make sure you leave knowing
cuff we’ll make sure you leave knowing
cuff we’ll make sure you leave knowing that you also have diabetes a high blood
that you also have diabetes a high blood
that you also have diabetes a high blood pressure and mobile Schlotter
pressure and mobile Schlotter
pressure and mobile Schlotter because we want you to come back for
because we want you to come back for
because we want you to come back for another appointment in the next quarter
another appointment in the next quarter
another appointment in the next quarter that’s our business model however in
that’s our business model however in
that’s our business model however in everyday life it’s not the negative that
everyday life it’s not the negative that
everyday life it’s not the negative that increases productivity and for sure it’s
increases productivity and for sure it’s
increases productivity and for sure it’s not the negative that increases
not the negative that increases
not the negative that increases happiness
happiness
happiness Seligman Adele did a study where they
Seligman Adele did a study where they
Seligman Adele did a study where they evaluated behaviors that they thought
evaluated behaviors that they thought
evaluated behaviors that they thought led to a happier life and what they
led to a happier life and what they
led to a happier life and what they found is that writing down three
found is that writing down three
found is that writing down three positive things every day for a week
positive things every day for a week
positive things every day for a week will make you significantly happier even
will make you significantly happier even
will make you significantly happier even after six months now that’s what I call
after six months now that’s what I call
after six months now that’s what I call effective therapy on a side note if you
effective therapy on a side note if you
effective therapy on a side note if you want to boost your happiness even more
want to boost your happiness even more
want to boost your happiness even more you express your gratitude to
you express your gratitude to
you express your gratitude to deserves it and I don’t mean the
deserves it and I don’t mean the
deserves it and I don’t mean the gratitude you expressed when typing
gratitude you expressed when typing
gratitude you expressed when typing thank you so much for that message at
thank you so much for that message at
thank you so much for that message at the beginning of an email answer
the beginning of an email answer
the beginning of an email answer I mean you truly and personally express
I mean you truly and personally express
I mean you truly and personally express your gratitude because research suggests
your gratitude because research suggests
your gratitude because research suggests that this makes you even happier and
that this makes you even happier and
that this makes you even happier and because sadly enough it’s usually the
because sadly enough it’s usually the
because sadly enough it’s usually the ones we love the most we show the least
ones we love the most we show the least
ones we love the most we show the least gratitude second mind the mind and it’s
gratitude second mind the mind and it’s
gratitude second mind the mind and it’s connection to the body we are used to
connection to the body we are used to
connection to the body we are used to the idea that our gestures support and
the idea that our gestures support and
the idea that our gestures support and reflect our speech and thoughts but a
reflect our speech and thoughts but a
reflect our speech and thoughts but a growing number of studies suggests that
growing number of studies suggests that
growing number of studies suggests that there is also an inward influence of our
there is also an inward influence of our
there is also an inward influence of our body position and movement on our
body position and movement on our
body position and movement on our cognitions this concept is called
cognitions this concept is called
cognitions this concept is called embodied cognition so just as our mind
embodied cognition so just as our mind
embodied cognition so just as our mind can trick our bodies into not walking
can trick our bodies into not walking
can trick our bodies into not walking our bodies can also trick our minds and
our bodies can also trick our minds and
our bodies can also trick our minds and you might have experienced this
you might have experienced this
you might have experienced this yourselves you might have set up
yourselves you might have set up
yourselves you might have set up straight when facing a difficult task or
straight when facing a difficult task or
straight when facing a difficult task or you might have experienced a boost of
you might have experienced a boost of
you might have experienced a boost of thoughts as you went for a walk Brunell
thoughts as you went for a walk Brunell
thoughts as you went for a walk Brunell petyon Wagner did an experiment where
petyon Wagner did an experiment where
petyon Wagner did an experiment where they had one group of college students
they had one group of college students
they had one group of college students write down three positive character
write down three positive character
write down three positive character traits and the other group of students
traits and the other group of students
traits and the other group of students three negative traits in each group half
three negative traits in each group half
three negative traits in each group half of the students said bent down with a
of the students said bent down with a
of the students said bent down with a curved spine and the other group said
curved spine and the other group said
curved spine and the other group said straight up chest out as they noted the
straight up chest out as they noted the
straight up chest out as they noted the answers and you might already guess what
answers and you might already guess what
answers and you might already guess what they found not only did the ones in the
they found not only did the ones in the
they found not only did the ones in the straighter posture show more positive
straighter posture show more positive
straighter posture show more positive believed they were also more confident
believed they were also more confident
believed they were also more confident about what they had written down so if
about what they had written down so if
about what they had written down so if we take this idea in general as it it
we take this idea in general as it it
we take this idea in general as it it suggests that certain body positions and
suggests that certain body positions and
suggests that certain body positions and movements can make us more positive in
movements can make us more positive in
movements can make us more positive in our beliefs and more confident about our
our beliefs and more confident about our
our beliefs and more confident about our ideas now I know that everybody’s
ideas now I know that everybody’s
ideas now I know that everybody’s different which is why I would suggest
different which is why I would suggest
different which is why I would suggest that you do your own research maybe
that you do your own research maybe
that you do your own research maybe instead of sitting with a curved spine
instead of sitting with a curved spine
instead of sitting with a curved spine as you wait for your next job interview
as you wait for your next job interview
as you wait for your next job interview you sit straight up chest out or you
you sit straight up chest out or you
you sit straight up chest out or you even get up and walk a little I’d be
even get up and walk a little I’d be
even get up and walk a little I’d be curious how that job of interview felt
curious how that job of interview felt
curious how that job of interview felt finally
finally
finally these were two very simple maybe even
these were two very simple maybe even
these were two very simple maybe even obvious ways to change our cognitions no
obvious ways to change our cognitions no
obvious ways to change our cognitions no rocket science but you and I know that
rocket science but you and I know that
rocket science but you and I know that sometimes it’s the little things that
sometimes it’s the little things that
sometimes it’s the little things that mattered just as much I’m not standing
mattered just as much I’m not standing
mattered just as much I’m not standing here because I built a successful
here because I built a successful
here because I built a successful enterprise not because I developed
enterprise not because I developed
enterprise not because I developed Hyperloop I’m not standing here because
Hyperloop I’m not standing here because
Hyperloop I’m not standing here because I achieved anything big but because I
I achieved anything big but because I
I achieved anything big but because I strongly believe that if we think more
strongly believe that if we think more
strongly believe that if we think more positively are more confident about our
positively are more confident about our
positively are more confident about our ideas and show gratitude to the people
ideas and show gratitude to the people
ideas and show gratitude to the people who deserve it we all can achieve
who deserve it we all can achieve
who deserve it we all can achieve something big and that is an idea worth
something big and that is an idea worth
something big and that is an idea worth spreading thank you
spreading thank you
spreading thank you [Applause]
”
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