on the way back from the last trip to india
with my son
we were waiting for the next flight to
next airplane and at some point
we looked a little we were rummaging
in the bag that had given us the
hostess of the first flight is a type bag
this is just the kind that one
you have that you have
and while we were looking for, we were giving it to you
a hand you also try yours
bag to look for is a certain point
we found a balloon
I do not know if you found it, you’re there too
but look and then while we are at a
sure point made to inflate this
balloon we began to inflate it for
think about what to do with it at some point
presses my son stops with air
serious looks at me and tells me dad but I
you know that the less wealthy countries are puzzling
much more and I but premer you mean
brains know how puzzled no no no
no warp but in what sense
well because you actually know how to think about it
well they must and he still continued
to inflate balloon and sometimes you know
they have to do a lot with little must
inventing to apply technologies for
solve problems that are for them
very very large
in fact, to think about it if there
we think well of the technologies and the
innovations that have had more
success are those that eventually have
faced and resolved of the challenges that
they were as global as possible though
these challenges are challenges that eventually
They are almost cyclically are
presented after each one cycle
statistically 30 years
well, for example, when I was born in the
seventies more or less up and down
Well there was
an infant mortality rate of 40
percent in developing countries
which became drastically
dramatically higher if we thought
the rural areas of the developing countries
development where to be born maybe at night
it was a big deal because why
there was no light became much
difficult to be able to give birth in the dark
it was a bit like saying
forgive me the joke give light first
to give light and eventually the
technologies that were used
that illumination in the various places of the
world
the most advanced and least beautiful end countries
they were very different, for example in the
united states industrialize goes gas
neon and therefore the first lamps of this
kind in Italy in truth it was going
still ahead with tungsten bulbs
with light bulbs however glow in the
developing countries in india ad
example oil lamps
Well, if we think, however, that after 30 years
there have been some evolutions a
that era what was done to
end was a bit of a localism
innovation
everyone developed innovations
according to the technologies he had a
arrangement or that in some way
developed in his country
still lives the balloon in real hand
ok after 30 years the world is slightly
changed after 30 years from those 70s
My children were born and in truth
the numbers are maybe there have moved on
other things
in those years and the 2000s they were born
two million premature babies in
the whole world premature babies wants
say below or before and 37 weeks of
gestation again the countries sought in
somehow all of them to develop
of technologies to solve this
not as much problem as to allow
to children to newborns to overcome the
fifth day and then in the United States
at the time we used some
incubators that wearable device e
therefore with wearable technologies
that allowed to relate
and connected through sensors
the physiological parameters are very sophisticated
of the born together with the incubator la
same incubator came then later in
some way taken out of some
technological characteristics e
used for example in Italy but the
same incubator still stripped of
other technological features
it was used is sold in the countries
developing countries such as in
india where in the end only had the
feature the basic components and then
those of creating a small microclimate
for the newborn
Well, it’s a bit of a concept
of localism to a concept that i
software in the 2000s
at the time they called localization
I develop a lot of technology
performing with many things this
technology I do a little down grading
in order to then create or apply this
technology has some markets that are more
poor of mine and in 30 years but between 30
years
in truth I do not know the children of my children
or the sons of the sons of my sons among
another 30 years what kind of challenges they will have
however, at this moment there is a piece
in addition there is an awareness in more
September 27th in 1900 of 2015
last year 193 countries of the nations
unanimously voted one
resolution to adopt 17 sustainable
development goals 17 goals of
sustainable development to be able to
some way is called agenda 20 30 for
be able to deal with them in some way
global challenges
well this is a wonderful opportunity
because it means that 193 countries are
all with mister are all focused
on common goals
the 17 and the gip however in 2030 we will be
8 and a half billion
eight and a half billion people mentioned
20 percent will be in a state of sedation
in the countries that have the highest rate
percentage of investment in research e
development ie translated those countries
they are running and developing
technologies of the highest level of
very high profile
while developing countries
well the country develops by 2030
they will have a growth rate for how much
regards investments says that
innovations around one percent
per year
it is not enough in truth you go to
create a little paradox because I
in the end it is as if I wanted to or
I demanded eighty percent
of the world’s population adopted
of the technologies developed in 20 for
one hundred of the world’s part of the
population to face challenges
global is a bit of a paradox if
we want
well in this then while prime
keeps inflating his balloon
always this you always have the balloon
true in hand while he continues to
inflate I was thinking but in fact in
effects is true if it is as if we
we wanted somehow to deal with it
these global challenges having so many in
back greider in the various countries
you remember macgyver well yes
we have all seen or in the hero of the
seat of the 80s
I remind you he could do it
many things with very little
then who of us never has
tried to disassemble the hair dryer a
reassemble it and then realize that you have
left in pieces outside when i
hair worked the same and then
with those pieces on the sidelines it is
invented other things to get the
his own hair dryer
well it’s a bit like it did a little bit
macgyver or as he used to say swelled
his balloon well, you know the countries
that brain more years than those less
rich because they have to do a lot with
little but there are examples why
this is an extraordinary opportunity
try to think about using this
ability to do a lot with little maybe
with technologies not very high
medium level but that also come from
other countries there are examples in
this sense
Well, one of them is this little bag
thermal sleeping bag for children
developing countries to keep them
in the heat or this prosthesis made with
materials not super performing but that
has sufficient degrees of freedom for
to allow
the movement to people who live in
Islam in the suburbs of the great
world cities in the megalopolis or
of the new algae that somehow
thanks to a static photo process create
light inside the bottles of water
or a new type of design with i
biodegradable plastic materials that
allow the transport of water to the
populations of Africa that have to do
kilometers and kilometers every day
so it’s an opportunity
but this eventually leads to a
very important concept that is that
of the glocalism of innovation, that is
try to think as I could in
some way to develop technologies
which are locals facing the
local challenges maybe in poor countries that
so they have to do a lot with little that
so they must cerebellar though using
of the technologies that somehow there
help them face challenges
global
then at the end a bit to conclude
as I watched, he swelled up the
balloon well but diane give me one
hand inflates towel you also try to
inflate the balloon you have found
if you have had in hand for all this
short the talk well I feel you are
inflating good
at the end while I looked at frank and with
call the balloon in fact I thought
but we eventually have the technology
innovation make investments
so much with little
well at the end of the fair if we want to
tell it all
we do all this to improve
change only one thing that is the only one
what we will leave to our children
and it is indeed this that is the world
but if you look at the balloon that looks
case you contributed to swell
doing a lot with little as he did
macgyver and at the end the balloon though
it represents a little the world and the world
it is neither mine nor yours in his but it is
so we must share it
what I invite you to conclude
of this top and try to pass the
world to your neighbor too
if you do not know him thank you
[Applause]
[Music]
”
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