delighted to be here as an ambassador
of bacteria
nobody had dared to have a
I work like this because we all think what
horror bacteria
every time we think of a bacterium
we imagine an alcohol and everything and we are going to
clean your hands and it’s not for free
because television has taught us
all kinds of antibacterial products and
they sell them everywhere and that’s a
obsession that is well justified we
we get sick and we get very sick from
that the human is human has died for
bacteria and viruses
and then we are obsessed with the
bacteria in the 21st century where we want
have control of absolutely everything
however the bacteria have changed
the story not once but many times
an example of these are the plague the
plague attacked the medieval when it began
trade with asia and they came in the
boats the rats with their fleas and in
those fleas came the plague and killed
Two thirds of Europe does not
little thing and thanks to that he killed
these two thirds of europe
between rebirth because the mode of
Medieval production was no longer
sustainable if there was no one left
the earth works but we do
We have all the control over the years
fiftys there were already antibiotics and in
the schools are no longer given medicines
he taught us microbiology because
there was penicillin
Well I have news for you, it’s called sex
bacterial bacterial sex is not like
ours does not happen in the light of the moon
happens in a tuft I doubt that I
I call the love boat
imagine yourself
hospitals are the most people
ill
the most virulent bacteria
chlorine antibiotic and the whiskey that passes
to these bacteria falling in love
of his threads exchanging genes because
they’re stressed out good in that
gene exchange that soup survive
the strongest with some combinations
tremendous that we can no longer kill
pharmaceutical companies are no longer spending
making new antibiotics is not only
the hospital where the exchange is
of genes occurs happens everywhere
but especially our way of seeing the
food is wrong
the veterinarians have decided that if they
We give antibiotics at low doses to
animals these are going to grow more because
they do not have these problems on the court
but the problem is that the bacteria
they are all if there are no bacteria there is no
digestion there is no skin, there is nothing
that’s why this project started
globally it’s called the microbiome
where they have been exploring with
last sequencing techniques
generation
really who lived inside
us and they found that we are a
zoo we are not only a zoo
we have a thousand bacteria per cell
ours with all its different genes
we are much more bacterial information
that own and this makes us healthy
of this depends all our own
personal system and not only that the
bacteria center in the mother’s womb
since the beginning of pregnancy and help
form our bodies because because
they start sending signals to our
small but your intestine
from before we are born and that forms the
brain to the immune system and to all
we would not be who we are if
our friends the bacteria and this does not
it’s a surprise
the bacteria carry four thousand here
millions of years and in that time have
done everything have transformed the planet
of a planet
Orange resembling Titan’s moon
to a blue planet
they did bubble by bubble
they transformed the planet forever and
they looked unrecognizable and that’s the most
big gave signal but as they did
how they transformed this planet from a
red planet a blue planet armed the
life clock from the dust of
stars and the kite soup started
to eat and that is the first need to
all zerbib and by eating they chewed the
atoms that came the stars and the
transformed into something else and armed the
large clock by gear and now
we call that the cycles
biogeochemicals and without them there is no life
they continue to breathe what we
need continue to excrete and
transforming all the elements that
they make us alive and how they are or from
where did I get that clock information
of life he told me a piece of
mud a piece of colored mud in the
valley of cuatrocienegas here in the
black we see the first metabolism that is
know in the history of the planet is the
the methanogens eat the co2 of the
atmosphere and the hydrogen of the rocks
and they put it together to make the little ones
sugars of two or three carbons that
jaczko
then those who ate the
lava from a hot planet that still
it had not cooled its crust and this one
they call surfing or reducers why? Because
Sulfur is the most important element
in the lava along with the jr
And apart from that, we must remember that in
the primitive planet really had not
atmosphere was gases that came out of the
center of the earth was very rich in co2
the first sea was the second no
it came with a planetoid that crashed and in
this world agitated the bacteria
they needed protection from lightning
ultraviolet and there were many molecules
that worked as sunscreens
maybe a motorbike and it became an antenna
solar and how they lived protected below
of the water
this solar antenna of purple and
the
mere photosynthesis the pure sulfur
they made sugars more efficient with the
sunlight and on only one occasion in the
history of the life of the earth
an extraordinary mutant happened
the geneticists brought them the
hopeful monsters and is mutant
extraordinary instead of having a
antenna had two and it was green but what
more important is that he could tolerate the
oxygen and is in a world without
oxygen from where it came out perhaps from the
hydrothermal vents where the heat
of the magma I broke the water around
and maybe this one had a protector
solar because I was already doing photosynthesis
poor
then came the photosynthesis that
grab the sunlight break the water with
this energy already breaking the water releases
energy to build more sugars
big
the photosynthesis that changed the
world forever
oxygen libero that these hate but
as they are in a community where between
all is armed the clock of life
oxygen stays here and does not pass
down
Then, the
complete cycles that we now know and
these released bubble by bubble the
oxygen that we now breathe and in addition
when making rocks with their communities to
precipitate calcium carbonate to your
around and they caught 800 million ago
of years
the CO2 of the atmosphere precipitating a
global freeze that changed the
equation forever because the ice
released the phosphorus that is addressing
between the stones and the world did not return
to do the same
the large organisms had a
opportunity to grow and how we can
know how these things work
called stromatoliths these things that
before they were rocks and now they are alive
because they survived in very few
places on the planet and can we
tell the story of once upon a time
from the beginning and we are in Mexico
in an extraordinary place called
four cienegas in coahuila that saved
the greatest diversity of these arrests
from the past and how I got there
I did not even know there was
I was totally four times
innocent studying because we
we get sick with a bacterium that is called
coli
when this man’s son arrived
called double I am inclined to call me
participate in a project of nathan 45 and
how he got me involved and I
including I came to and with the cold war
fleeing from the Bay of Pigs madness
and the possible bombings that go to
happen from Russia to the United States and
he came to four ciénegas and fell in love
same as me
he fell in love with the fish he fell in love with
blue water in the middle of the desert some
mountains that look like scales
dinosaurs and also fell in love with the
possibility of protecting it
so he needed a Mexican who
will study bacteria because he does not
there could be something so small and that
also protect the place and that’s why I
I reached 4 100 is and in this place
extraordinary that is the main pool
it’s called the calf told me you saw brains
snails those little snails ate
bacteria at the bottom of the sea 220 ago
millions of years in the Pacific
I said will you be crazy
cuatrociénegas is a white butterfly
literally half the continent
how is that there was the most good
15 years of research taught me
that he was absolutely right
Four Seasons The Sea of the Past Inside
and he did not leave
he came in with all his creatures and there
persisted he survived hundreds of
catastrophes global institutions that
killed the dinosaurs and because between
the sea there to cuatrociénegas good
because coahuila was here at the level of
Galapagos Pegadito to Ecuador
and here in four ciénegas if I open the
zipper that broke pangea and started to
move the continents to where they are
now there was so much fire under the sea
that the snails for the only occasion
they made their shells of plaster instead of
carbon
the 10 or the calcium sulfate and what
happens is that I bent managed to convince
to the nasa that he was going to look for me because
is she that’s the same saw signal that
is found on Mars on Mars is not a
goodbye signal is nothing more than a mineral and
how is it that he acquired is to take you
part of the exploration that is
doing nothing concluded city and now a
new ship that is exploring the
atmosphere and what they found is that
there was sea on Mars and that primitive sea
I probably had opened processes
similar to those we see in four
ciénegas because they have found signs
of sulfur metabolism similar to that
we found then four bogs not
nothing else the only window we have
from the past also from a future where
maybe we can understand if there is life in
Another planets
however four marshes are
dying is dying of thirst is what
you need sutrappa alone to live
these is only three things sun water and
sulfur that comes from below the mountain
and water is a treasure in the desert
you would think because it is not worth anything and that
free birth and everyone the
can use to water the most absurd
what is the lpf
and then the stromatolites die without
But we have to transform that
future we need to transform the
potential of the apocalypse disaster to
his hopeful world where as we
happened here they returned the torture the
turtles that we thought were
dead and that future is to think of
hope
we owe it to the children we need
change the conscience of all of us
and the future that they are to be able to
change the destination not just four
ciénegas and not of the planet
We are working with the children of
kindergarten through sixth grade of primary school
through art and with the children of
baccalaureate through science
to change the future and we are
starting tomorrow the work with the
farmers so they really know
what is the equation between the soil the
water the plant and the future many
Thank you
[Applause]
[Music]
”
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