We’d need the ISS for that.. | Miles Lindner | TEDxRheinMainSalon

hi I’m very glad to be here and if we

hi I’m very glad to be here and if we want to decode earth we also have to ask

want to decode earth we also have to ask

want to decode earth we also have to ask the questions how did it form and how

the questions how did it form and how

the questions how did it form and how did it form along with our solar system

did it form along with our solar system

did it form along with our solar system and if we ask this we have to go further

and if we ask this we have to go further

and if we ask this we have to go further because recently astronomers are

because recently astronomers are

because recently astronomers are discovering with so many different exit

discovering with so many different exit

discovering with so many different exit planetary systems and how can this man

planetary systems and how can this man

planetary systems and how can this man be how did they form and this is all of

be how did they form and this is all of

be how did they form and this is all of course leading to one big question what

course leading to one big question what

course leading to one big question what is necessary for the formation of an

is necessary for the formation of an

is necessary for the formation of an earth-like planet where an evolution of

earth-like planet where an evolution of

earth-like planet where an evolution of life is possible and where would we find

life is possible and where would we find

life is possible and where would we find it so if we want to find the answers for

it so if we want to find the answers for

it so if we want to find the answers for these questions we have to look at the

these questions we have to look at the

these questions we have to look at the details and we have to go back to the

details and we have to go back to the

details and we have to go back to the origins we have to go back to the

origins we have to go back to the

origins we have to go back to the origins of our solar system and

origins of our solar system and

origins of our solar system and investigate these very these very

investigate these very these very

investigate these very these very repressed processes happening then

repressed processes happening then

repressed processes happening then because these early processes we’re

because these early processes we’re

because these early processes we’re affecting a nearly initial system and

affecting a nearly initial system and

affecting a nearly initial system and therefore were most important for the

therefore were most important for the

therefore were most important for the whole later evolution of the system so

whole later evolution of the system so

whole later evolution of the system so I’m here as a member of the access team

I’m here as a member of the access team

I’m here as a member of the access team from the ambiguity University in

from the ambiguity University in

from the ambiguity University in Frankfurt and real students of earth

Frankfurt and real students of earth

Frankfurt and real students of earth science and physics and we’re one of the

science and physics and we’re one of the

science and physics and we’re one of the three teams who could convince the DLR

three teams who could convince the DLR

three teams who could convince the DLR to have an experiment at the

to have an experiment at the

to have an experiment at the international space station and that’s

international space station and that’s

international space station and that’s cool because at the international space

cool because at the international space

cool because at the international space station we have zero gravity conditions

station we have zero gravity conditions

station we have zero gravity conditions and these are exactly the conditions

and these are exactly the conditions

and these are exactly the conditions we’ll need to investigate these very

we’ll need to investigate these very

we’ll need to investigate these very early solar system processes by

early solar system processes by

early solar system processes by experiment and the axis experiment we’re

experiment and the axis experiment we’re

experiment and the axis experiment we’re going to do is investigate a very early

going to do is investigate a very early

going to do is investigate a very early planet forming process it’s the process

planet forming process it’s the process

planet forming process it’s the process of the formation of the chondrules and

of the formation of the chondrules and

of the formation of the chondrules and if you’re not wondering what controls

if you’re not wondering what controls

if you’re not wondering what controls are well I would say let’s have a look

are well I would say let’s have a look

are well I would say let’s have a look back back to the very beginning of our

back back to the very beginning of our

back back to the very beginning of our solar system 4.5 6 billion years ago and

solar system 4.5 6 billion years ago and

solar system 4.5 6 billion years ago and by then the Sun wasn’t as big at

by then the Sun wasn’t as big at

by then the Sun wasn’t as big at yesterday it was just growing and it was

yesterday it was just growing and it was

yesterday it was just growing and it was growing by material falling onto it

growing by material falling onto it

growing by material falling onto it along magnetic field lines of the Sun

along magnetic field lines of the Sun

along magnetic field lines of the Sun and this material was concentrated in a

and this material was concentrated in a

and this material was concentrated in a huge disc rotating around our young son

huge disc rotating around our young son

huge disc rotating around our young son and by the end of the Sun growing

and by the end of the Sun growing

and by the end of the Sun growing process 99.8% of the whole initial solar

process 99.8% of the whole initial solar

process 99.8% of the whole initial solar system matter would be consumed by this

system matter would be consumed by this

system matter would be consumed by this process so only 0.3 percent would remain

process so only 0.3 percent would remain

process so only 0.3 percent would remain to later build all the planets including

to later build all the planets including

to later build all the planets including earth of course and every other solar

earth of course and every other solar

earth of course and every other solar system body we know and we have and

system body we know and we have and

system body we know and we have and that’s why these material discs is so

that’s why these material discs is so

that’s why these material discs is so interesting for a science because every

interesting for a science because every

interesting for a science because every element we find here on earth and we

element we find here on earth and we

element we find here on earth and we would find on every other planet and

would find on every other planet and

would find on every other planet and every other solar system body is

every other solar system body is

every other solar system body is actually present within this disc in its

actually present within this disc in its

actually present within this disc in its individual chemical concentration and

individual chemical concentration and

individual chemical concentration and appearance and what we know about these

appearance and what we know about these

appearance and what we know about these discs is that the material there was

discs is that the material there was

discs is that the material there was mainly present in two states either it

mainly present in two states either it

mainly present in two states either it was hot gas so you have to imagine that

was hot gas so you have to imagine that

was hot gas so you have to imagine that every element there was heated up so

every element there was heated up so

every element there was heated up so much that it was in its gaseous stage

much that it was in its gaseous stage

much that it was in its gaseous stage all the materials where dust particles

all the materials where dust particles

all the materials where dust particles so the dust particles bang would be the

so the dust particles bang would be the

so the dust particles bang would be the condensate from these hot gas so we have

condensate from these hot gas so we have

condensate from these hot gas so we have to imagine that the hot gas at some

to imagine that the hot gas at some

to imagine that the hot gas at some cooler areas maybe and especially in a

cooler areas maybe and especially in a

cooler areas maybe and especially in a certain distance from the young Sun

certain distance from the young Sun

certain distance from the young Sun would cool down would condense and form

would cool down would condense and form

would cool down would condense and form solid chemical compounds we call the

solid chemical compounds we call the

solid chemical compounds we call the minerals and these minerals then were

minerals and these minerals then were

minerals and these minerals then were present as protoplanetary dust particles

present as protoplanetary dust particles

present as protoplanetary dust particles in dust grain sizes so we have dust

in dust grain sizes so we have dust

in dust grain sizes so we have dust particles we have hot gas and what we

particles we have hot gas and what we

particles we have hot gas and what we all what we also already had was the

all what we also already had was the

all what we also already had was the formation of the first s3 bodies and

formation of the first s3 bodies and

formation of the first s3 bodies and this was also important because of two

this was also important because of two

this was also important because of two things and the first thing is that these

things and the first thing is that these

things and the first thing is that these discrete bodies later would evolve by

discrete bodies later would evolve by

discrete bodies later would evolve by collision with particles by collision

collision with particles by collision

collision with particles by collision with other asteroid bodies – the first

with other asteroid bodies – the first

with other asteroid bodies – the first planetary bodies which already had an in

planetary bodies which already had an in

planetary bodies which already had an in metallic core and an outer liquid mantle

metallic core and an outer liquid mantle

metallic core and an outer liquid mantle and these planetary bodies later would

and these planetary bodies later would

and these planetary bodies later would evolve to the terrestrial planets

evolve to the terrestrial planets

evolve to the terrestrial planets including earth of course so these first

including earth of course so these first

including earth of course so these first asteroid bodies where our director

asteroid bodies where our director

asteroid bodies where our director occurs a material for Earth and they are

occurs a material for Earth and they are

occurs a material for Earth and they are also important because they are our

also important because they are our

also important because they are our witnesses of these times so we find

witnesses of these times so we find

witnesses of these times so we find pieces of them we find fragments of them

pieces of them we find fragments of them

pieces of them we find fragments of them produced by asteroid asteroid collisions

produced by asteroid asteroid collisions

produced by asteroid asteroid collisions as meteorites on our earth and that’s

as meteorites on our earth and that’s

as meteorites on our earth and that’s really really cool because we can have a

really really cool because we can have a

really really cool because we can have a look inside of them and we can see what

look inside of them and we can see what

look inside of them and we can see what objects are inside of them and what we

objects are inside of them and what we

objects are inside of them and what we see is not only dust know what we see

see is not only dust know what we see

see is not only dust know what we see and what we see are round shaped

and what we see are round shaped

and what we see are round shaped spherical objects marble light objects

spherical objects marble light objects

spherical objects marble light objects and these objects sometimes make up more

and these objects sometimes make up more

and these objects sometimes make up more than 80 percent of the volume of these

than 80 percent of the volume of these

than 80 percent of the volume of these meteorites so they were making up 80% of

meteorites so they were making up 80% of

meteorites so they were making up 80% of the Spreaker of the material so they are

the Spreaker of the material so they are

the Spreaker of the material so they are really important but we do not know how

really important but we do not know how

really important but we do not know how they form these exactly these objects

they form these exactly these objects

they form these exactly these objects are the controls I was talking about and

are the controls I was talking about and

are the controls I was talking about and since we know this meteorites for a long

since we know this meteorites for a long

since we know this meteorites for a long time so scientists investigate these

time so scientists investigate these

time so scientists investigate these meteorites actually these meteorites are

meteorites actually these meteorites are

meteorites actually these meteorites are named after chondrules

named after chondrules

named after chondrules they’re called chondrites for more than

they’re called chondrites for more than

they’re called chondrites for more than 100 years now we have at least some data

100 years now we have at least some data

100 years now we have at least some data we have a lot of data actually and we

we have a lot of data actually and we

we have a lot of data actually and we have chemical data and these chemical

have chemical data and these chemical

have chemical data and these chemical data suggests that our corn rules we’re

data suggests that our corn rules we’re

data suggests that our corn rules we’re somehow a chemically evolved product of

somehow a chemically evolved product of

somehow a chemically evolved product of our protoplanetary dust so we take this

our protoplanetary dust so we take this

our protoplanetary dust so we take this as first fad and then we can go further

as first fad and then we can go further

as first fad and then we can go further we can have a closer look to our

we can have a closer look to our

we can have a closer look to our chondrules we can go down to microscopic

chondrules we can go down to microscopic

chondrules we can go down to microscopic scale use the polarized light microscope

scale use the polarized light microscope

scale use the polarized light microscope to distinguish between several mineral

to distinguish between several mineral

to distinguish between several mineral grains within these controls and then we

grains within these controls and then we

grains within these controls and then we see by the alignment of these several

see by the alignment of these several

see by the alignment of these several grains that our controls wear and

grains that our controls wear and

grains that our controls wear and condensates from hot gas but they were

condensates from hot gas but they were

condensates from hot gas but they were more crystallized products of a somehow

more crystallized products of a somehow

more crystallized products of a somehow molten material so

molten material so

molten material so have we can imagine them as crystallized

have we can imagine them as crystallized

have we can imagine them as crystallized molten droplets wearing floating around

molten droplets wearing floating around

molten droplets wearing floating around in zero gravity in this very beginning

in zero gravity in this very beginning

in zero gravity in this very beginning of our solar system and now we need take

of our solar system and now we need take

of our solar system and now we need take these two fats chemically evolved

these two fats chemically evolved

these two fats chemically evolved products of our dust particles and

products of our dust particles and

products of our dust particles and molten crystallized droplets and we can

molten crystallized droplets and we can

molten crystallized droplets and we can make an assumption about our process

make an assumption about our process

make an assumption about our process which formed our controls and must

which formed our controls and must

which formed our controls and must somehow have molten up our dust

somehow have molten up our dust

somehow have molten up our dust particles from which later on these

particles from which later on these

particles from which later on these controls were then crystallized so this

controls were then crystallized so this

controls were then crystallized so this is also known for more than 50 years now

is also known for more than 50 years now

is also known for more than 50 years now but we don’t know the formation process

but we don’t know the formation process

but we don’t know the formation process but we have several theories and for the

but we have several theories and for the

but we have several theories and for the excess experiment we have chosen the

excess experiment we have chosen the

excess experiment we have chosen the nebula lighting theory which is actually

nebula lighting theory which is actually

nebula lighting theory which is actually telling or which is actually saying that

telling or which is actually saying that

telling or which is actually saying that in this protoplanetary disk somehow

in this protoplanetary disk somehow

in this protoplanetary disk somehow lightnings are cured and these lightning

lightnings are cured and these lightning

lightnings are cured and these lightning served as energy deliverance from

served as energy deliverance from

served as energy deliverance from heating up our dust particles melting

heating up our dust particles melting

heating up our dust particles melting them so we can produce our controls and

them so we can produce our controls and

them so we can produce our controls and with the exit experiment we’re not

with the exit experiment we’re not

with the exit experiment we’re not investigating how these lighting so cure

investigating how these lighting so cure

investigating how these lighting so cure we’re just saying or we just want to

we’re just saying or we just want to

we’re just saying or we just want to find out if these lightnings would be

find out if these lightnings would be

find out if these lightnings would be plausible to melt our dust particles and

plausible to melt our dust particles and

plausible to melt our dust particles and if you then think of an experimental

if you then think of an experimental

if you then think of an experimental concept it’s rather simple so you just

concept it’s rather simple so you just

concept it’s rather simple so you just need your dust particles with the same

need your dust particles with the same

need your dust particles with the same chemical composition and the same grain

chemical composition and the same grain

chemical composition and the same grain size of course and you need to generate

size of course and you need to generate

size of course and you need to generate lightnings maybe by an electric

lightnings maybe by an electric

lightnings maybe by an electric discharge and you then have to observe

discharge and you then have to observe

discharge and you then have to observe your dust particles and the behavior of

your dust particles and the behavior of

your dust particles and the behavior of it during the Lightning during the

it during the Lightning during the

it during the Lightning during the heating and after and to find out if any

heating and after and to find out if any

heating and after and to find out if any conru light objects would form so rather

conru light objects would form so rather

conru light objects would form so rather simple concept but since it’s at the ISS

simple concept but since it’s at the ISS

simple concept but since it’s at the ISS there are some limits and oh I forgot it

there are some limits and oh I forgot it

there are some limits and oh I forgot it just have to get it so we have a major

just have to get it so we have a major

just have to get it so we have a major limitation and it’s space actually the

limitation and it’s space actually the

limitation and it’s space actually the whole experiment has to fit

whole experiment has to fit

whole experiment has to fit and the volume of this box the volume is

and the volume of this box the volume is

and the volume of this box the volume is roughly one-and-a-half liter and the

roughly one-and-a-half liter and the

roughly one-and-a-half liter and the measurements are 10 times 10 times 15

measurements are 10 times 10 times 15

measurements are 10 times 10 times 15 centimeters here you can see it and yes

centimeters here you can see it and yes

centimeters here you can see it and yes if you now consider of the hardware you

if you now consider of the hardware you

if you now consider of the hardware you need for the experiment then it’s

need for the experiment then it’s

need for the experiment then it’s getting more complicated so we made a

getting more complicated so we made a

getting more complicated so we made a first concept design for our experiment

first concept design for our experiment

first concept design for our experiment and it looked like this and we have a

and it looked like this and we have a

and it looked like this and we have a power supply in it

power supply in it

power supply in it so we have a battery pack in it because

so we have a battery pack in it because

so we have a battery pack in it because we need the power for our lightnings to

we need the power for our lightnings to

we need the power for our lightnings to melt our dust particles we of course

melt our dust particles we of course

melt our dust particles we of course need an electric circles an electric

need an electric circles an electric

need an electric circles an electric circuit and high-voltage unit to produce

circuit and high-voltage unit to produce

circuit and high-voltage unit to produce our lightnings we also need a sample

our lightnings we also need a sample

our lightnings we also need a sample chamber the place where the actual

chamber the place where the actual

chamber the place where the actual experiment takes place where our dust

experiment takes place where our dust

experiment takes place where our dust particulars are floating around and

particulars are floating around and

particulars are floating around and where electrodes are embedded to produce

where electrodes are embedded to produce

where electrodes are embedded to produce our lightnings and what we also of

our lightnings and what we also of

our lightnings and what we also of course need is an object because we want

course need is an object because we want

course need is an object because we want to film it we want to we want to watch

to film it we want to we want to watch

to film it we want to we want to watch the behavior the motion of the particles

the behavior the motion of the particles

the behavior the motion of the particles and what happens during and after

and what happens during and after

and what happens during and after heating so we also need optics with

heating so we also need optics with

heating so we also need optics with cameras and we need a mini computer

cameras and we need a mini computer

cameras and we need a mini computer because the whole experiment has to run

because the whole experiment has to run

because the whole experiment has to run fully automated for the whole experiment

fully automated for the whole experiment

fully automated for the whole experiment time of 30 days abroad the ISS and there

time of 30 days abroad the ISS and there

time of 30 days abroad the ISS and there will not be an astronaut pushing a

will not be an astronaut pushing a

will not be an astronaut pushing a button when lightning and should occur

button when lightning and should occur

button when lightning and should occur so it has to run fully automated what we

so it has to run fully automated what we

so it has to run fully automated what we also need then is the software for this

also need then is the software for this

also need then is the software for this so it’s getting more complicated and

so it’s getting more complicated and

so it’s getting more complicated and actually we solve the space problem and

actually we solve the space problem and

actually we solve the space problem and I think we’re good with it that’s the

I think we’re good with it that’s the

I think we’re good with it that’s the prototype at first and it’s filled up a

prototype at first and it’s filled up a

prototype at first and it’s filled up a little bit more now and I think I think

little bit more now and I think I think

little bit more now and I think I think we’re good with a space issue so we

we’re good with a space issue so we

we’re good with a space issue so we shouldn’t have problems with this

shouldn’t have problems with this

shouldn’t have problems with this anymore but what is always American

anymore but what is always American

anymore but what is always American progress is the software for this

progress is the software for this

progress is the software for this spearmint so every time you need to

spearmint so every time you need to

spearmint so every time you need to change your heart we’re pleased because

change your heart we’re pleased because

change your heart we’re pleased because NASA has some new specifications we did

NASA has some new specifications we did

NASA has some new specifications we did not know earlier or because we want to

not know earlier or because we want to

not know earlier or because we want to have a more energy with our lightnings

have a more energy with our lightnings

have a more energy with our lightnings and use a bigger or one more capacitor

and use a bigger or one more capacitor

and use a bigger or one more capacitor for our high-voltage circuit then you

for our high-voltage circuit then you

for our high-voltage circuit then you also have to apply these changes to your

also have to apply these changes to your

also have to apply these changes to your software so it’s always a software which

software so it’s always a software which

software so it’s always a software which is work in progress and for our software

is work in progress and for our software

is work in progress and for our software we are very very happy to have help from

we are very very happy to have help from

we are very very happy to have help from the hacker space front foot and some

the hacker space front foot and some

the hacker space front foot and some friends and they’re doing this just

friends and they’re doing this just

friends and they’re doing this just because they are fun programming I guess

because they are fun programming I guess

because they are fun programming I guess and because they’re interested in the

and because they’re interested in the

and because they’re interested in the experiment and without them this would

experiment and without them this would

experiment and without them this would not be possible without them the

not be possible without them the

not be possible without them the experiment could not run and that’s

experiment could not run and that’s

experiment could not run and that’s that’s really great thank you

that’s really great thank you

that’s really great thank you and what we’re all waiting for is this

and what we’re all waiting for is this

and what we’re all waiting for is this day the day when they state this day the

day the day when they state this day the

day the day when they state this day the day when the Cygnus transport system is

day when the Cygnus transport system is

day when the Cygnus transport system is delivering our experiment to the ISS so

delivering our experiment to the ISS so

delivering our experiment to the ISS so when then a few days later okay

when then a few days later okay

when then a few days later okay it’s a feeling there well then a few

it’s a feeling there well then a few

it’s a feeling there well then a few days later our experiment can generate

days later our experiment can generate

days later our experiment can generate the first data for decoding the earth

the first data for decoding the earth

the first data for decoding the earth past thank you very much