How are you
good night for all good causes
one time I had the opportunity to
interview the man who proposed to him
president tabaré vázquez start the
vega
here in uruguay east ceibal plan
revolutionary plan level of the
education that was aimed at
give a computer to each child
at school age and I asked him in the
framework of that interview how did you do to
sell them to the president tabaré
Vázquez and he said it was quite simple
and it took me little time less than 15
minutes like a girl tex
so if this man could convince
in less than 15 minutes to vázquez from
invest more than 20 million dollars
to extend this plan that has
revolutionized education here in
Uruguay from this humble position
I hope in this two minutes to be able
transmit some of the concepts
about journalism the journalists and
because I think that journalism is a
very important tool for
health of a democratic system
I did not want to be a journalist I wanted to
be an archaeologist and that was thanks to this
Mr
everyone knows him
steven spielberg back in the decade
from 90
I started with my father one day other a
day and a day yes and a day no to
video store and I remember that I loved
the idea of renting systematically
the movies of indiana jones is
fascinated with indiana jones
thanks to this gentleman but it happened that
the climax
as well as the most critical point of my
fascination with steven spielberg
it happened when he premiered like this park
that was the moment in which I went and
I said to my dad dad I want to be
archaeologist
and he told me good dale I follow you
I bought a shovel
so he is always easy
good question that I grew enter the
stage of adolescence and I realized
how good to do those things
fantastic that the archaeologists are
what archeologists do is walk
digging and looking to dig things up
specifically here in uruguay them
fantastic images that showed
spielberg was hardly going to
find
so I started little by little
disappoint me to be with the idea of being
archaeologist because I said to be
Archaeologist’ll have to get me
Uruguay and I did not want Uruguay not me
I wanted to go from Uruguay
so there I was
so it will happen before so as not to go hunting
I was 16 years old I was with a doubt
immense
that did have a father who had
bought a shovel and there he was
waiting
I was never very good math
so my thing was to read and I liked it
very much to write so my
option in baccalaureate was quite
simple humanistic right and in the
framework of a job that I had to do
for one of the professors of a
subject sent us to do a job
about montevideo and in this
opportunity I had to do interviews to
many people who integrated the
Government of Montevideo on the board
departmental and I realized that
asking questions was precisely
investigating yg
and this is good this is what they do
the journalists
so I went and said to my father good
I will not be archeologist will be
journalist and he grabbed and told me well
when I shovel and bought me a recorder
basically that story has already happened
some
14 years and I do 12 that I exercise as
journalist and what I find
fantastic this job is that I
I allowed aerial shot to reflect
what is the role that we fulfill
in society and in that reflection and
thinking in front of this talk with
you today is that it occurred to me that
could pose some concepts
about journalism
the newspaper journalists and because
I understand that journalism is like
it said an important tool for
the democratic system behind what
the journalists we call the theory
of the 5 w
He modified it a little bit and silversmithing
of 5 comes from the concepts in
English that translated into Spanish
Where would you have how and
what
so we start with what is the
journalism if we do not go to the definition
more neat of journalism
let’s take the one from the Spanish Royal Academy
defined as the recruitment and
treatment is written oral or visual
graphic of an information of that in
all its forms and varieties
There are those who understand that
journalists we are dedicated to tell
stories others define journalism
as a social service
there are those who dare to even say
that journalists are the ones
we wrote the first draft of the
history
as you will see there are many definitions
of journalism but for me there is only one
objective and is to transmit to the
readers to the viewers and to the
listeners the truth you will tell me if
patricia but there are so many truths
depending on who tells it not about
place where you stop good but what
true is that to reach the truth of
the facts
you have to look for those different stories
that conform and that is precisely
the journalist’s task so that
understand and be able to approach reality in
which we live
who are we journalists sometimes
it’s hard for us to look a little more at
journalists and be self-critical
there are no fielding surveys there is no
polls
This is one of them and I thought
interesting transfer and to share it
with you this survey was done
recently for the day of the
journalist
-is a survey conducted by the company
four hands a company dedicated to the
organizational communication that
consulted and answered 80 journalists
in Uruguay we do not see more than 1,500
journalists to get an idea
exercising so that they have an idea that
can only compare him
the newspaper the new york times that is the
greater one of the largest daily newspapers of
united states only his reaction
has the environment of 1,300 journalists
1,300 journalists and here we come to
1,500 exercising the office but let’s see
how journalists see each other
we do not see ourselves
58 percent said they work between
eight and ten hours for her
30 percent is not here but
30% of journalists pointed
it seems poll that works more than 10
hours per day
97 percent perceive that their work
is not properly remunerated and the
59% of journalists said they do not want
that their children are journalists
if one analyzes these figures says ok if
Liu thinks it will be another great movie
about journalists
with that fantastic idea of
romanticism the journalism of
good research that does not come
Uruguay because that image is going to the
Where do journalists work?
that is important to know where we are
unemployed
good Uruguayan journalists
we work mostly here in
Uruguay and Uruguay is the second country
of the preparer
the first country in the region with the highest
freedom of expression with greater
press freedom according to the last
report of journalists without frontiers of
reporters without borders that
organization that works at the level
international
if we compare the continent uruguay
in terms of press freedom
ranks number two after
costa rica in uruguay to journalists
They do not kill us like they do in others
countries like for example mexico but
yes they harass us and as they harass us
harass through the threats we
threaten to take us to the judiciary
to start the lawsuits or even
effectively those demands is concreted
So far this year 2017
here in Uruguay there were 17 threats to the
freedom of the press
this is a very recent report too
of this year from an organization
call to the file center and access to
the cainfo public information that is
the organization that is responsible for
precisely monitor this matter
I am on that list of 17 threats and
who see like that is my friend and colleague
viviana rugiero this year product of the
of which we publish this sendic book
the career of the prodigal son in which
we told them not only he knew but
also the management that I forward
raúl sendic in ancap both the former
vice president of the republic as his
lawyers
They understood that it was pertinent to threaten us
through the media
with initiating lawsuits before maybe not
you can visualize it well but these are
some of the press clippings in the
which the viewer teledoces
observer the republic that reported
these threats by the ex
vice president raul sendic and his
lawyers with denounce civil and criminal
administratively the former vice president
of the republic was willing to
send to
journalists imprisoned for reporting
finally those complaints never
will specify how we work
journalists
good journalists in uruguay great
at least some of them journalists
I can tell that we work against the clock
and skimming the surface and why they
I say this because every day there is a
blank page to fill because
every day there is a program of a
hour or two hours on radio to do
because there are two hours of news
to complete you have to inform daily
of what happens because that depends on
many times the decisions that
citizens take every day
you need to know if tomorrow you are going to
have for transportation and classes are
they are going to carry out a factory closes
or opens
if a ruler expresses certain
resolution the government launched a
new program that a politician fights
with another under that logic of the day to
day the journalists in their great majority
In uruguay
we work and I like to say that
the journalists
Under this logic what we do is a
reaction journalism
we react to the things that happen and
we also react and we have to
do fast in networking time
social
so we have to go to a
press conference and cover it by
tweet and go back to the newsroom and
write a headline in ten minutes and
upload it to the web because it is required that
the voter is informed
chau chau chau through his
cellular all the time is
checking through their networks
social and we have to record a pompadour
in 15 minutes they make a report in a
time or write a note for the diary
of tomorrow in two times less time than
some way and nowadays that is so
present in society
this concept of life pitt and the
running one can do the comparative
the parallel with the races
races that we run the periods
every day I like to think of
that under this type of journalism that
He told reporters
we run many without coca every day
and every once in a while we run a 10k
we hardly run marathons anymore
what do I mean with marathons to that
deeper journalism
eye the 5k and 10k are very important
because because the reader to the viewer or
people are allowed to be informed
moderately and know what is happening
and the journalist also serves him because
experience is exercised learn the
I work little by little but the difference is
that in those 5k 10k the PRI
can hardly pose to their
readers a viewer or us 80 of a
material that has a different value
and really take it out of the juncture
in which he is in that day to day and
can pose an added value in
informative matter journalism
investigations and that many of you
you can imagine or think makes
reference to the large cases of
investigative journalism is more
known internationally
it is probably equal to states
united with that finally derives in the
departure of president nixon that famous
case with a great source called
deep Throat
good that investigative journalism
It is a journalism research
long term that unlike those
short runs that journalists
we run every day involves an effort
a method and in a certain part let’s say
also be quite stubborn and
obsessive about getting that information
the meetings with the sources the
information gathering checkup
of the data the steps are innumerable
what must be done to make a
journalistic investigation and yes
have taken a lot of time and effort
as I said to be pretty stubborn
with him and with the point that one is going to
investigate now the media in Uruguay
it happens that they do not have unlike what
what happens in other parts of the world
an economic power that allows
precisely sustain that kind of
journalism is a matter of scale
basically one could say is a
question of scale but the truth is
that can not be allocated here or
can hardly be used for a
journalist or a group of journalists to
investigate for months or even years
a particular issue you have to cover the
day to day
then you can ask me
good because they work then
journalists because he likes to investigate
why do they continue with that idea because
also if we consider what I
I commented to them previously
if we work many hours if
we have multiemployment if we resign part
of our social and family life and
we even want our
children are not what we are
because we keep working
well in my case I do not know what you
go to the rest of the experience I would
I will tell what happens to me to me
I am passionate about journalism for me my
office is a passion, not passion
They are very rational passions
I feel and understand that the
journalism is imperative for
maintain the balance of power in a
democracy informed citizens
really informed make them be
citizens critical of the world that
surrounds them
those who hold power must be saved
observed and followed some way
by journalists precisely because
because that is going to allow them not to commit
abuses of power
once it comes to power good the
power like power sweetens and sometimes
that leads to commit abuse
precisely the one that journalists
we are thus working allows those
abuse of a certain form or not materialize
or at least the
PRIISTS We are not prosecutors, we are not
judges and we are not policemen we are nothing
of that there are some colleagues that we
define as watchdogs because
they argue that journalists what
we make it hillside to warn that
certain things are happening
It does not convince me that much
no, I do not like to see myself
same as someone who draws
however I heard once I read a
great international journalist who
called ryszard kapucinski that marked
many of us through their
texts and the paraphrasing a bit back
from a metaphor maybe a little bit of urea
but it marked me and it makes me think of
this office that he exercised day by day and
It makes me and makes me see myself as
a lighthouse because kapucinski said
after this metaphor what is it
this office and he said the work of the
journalists does not consist of stepping on
cockroaches but undertake the light to
that people see like cockroaches
they go out to hide
thank you very much
[Applause]
to
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