the day then the theme of the day
today you know it was telling the future me
I live abroad work abroad when
they tell me about Treviso and about mine
roots ba I get a blow to the stomach
because if you’ve been a little bit too
in withdrawal from radicchio you can know
how difficult it is but here I think
that you are an expert in radicchio too
that’s not what I want to talk to you about
I want to talk to you about what keeps me
far from the treviso and will give more
I want to talk to you from my job I take care of it
of science, and so I will speak to you
of the roots of science then of
usually when it comes to science often
in the public debate is more in mind
technology no
the applications of science the things of
I’m on the other hand, I’m far from them
of applications I deal with physics
theoretical and I deal with trying to
study the universe on a very large scale
and space and time on the scale more
small where the laws of the
quantum mechanics
I try to build a new theory that
I put all these things together
how do you do it obviously with the
mathematics is done by writing equations but
especially what we do
when we discuss when we try to
build these new theories what
we are doing is looking for a new way
to see the world a new vision a
new way to think how it works
world around us
here then build a new theory
it’s a bit like building a building is
a subtle game of balances in which
everything must be in harmony
but be careful because science is not
simply a cumulative process in
which I build by adding a plan one
above all else what we do there
I said fundamental physics
it means we are going to look at them
foundations let’s look at whether to
base of our building
maybe there are some posts that are now
rotten and you have to replace it
or it could happen that this
building continues to grow a
expand and at some point in this
balance game
the building can not already over one of
these pillars and then it can happen
that it is better to remove completely
this pillar therefore at the base of the
science there is always a putting back into
question
every thing every thing even their own
roots even to their own foundations
when we do this at the beginning it is
always an act of rebellion then to me
it is to be thought at that moment in the
history in which for the first time at least
for what we know
someone did this act of
courage this act of rebellion
there is a moment in history
of humanity and in the history of
thought in which something is created
new in which for the first time instead
that instead knowledge is knowledge
it does not grow anymore by an act of faith
students do not come to students anymore
that required to learn by heart
what his own teaches him
master of faith replaces
critical thinking if you want faith
trust does not replace trust
only that to the student towards the teacher
master banks towards a student that
it puts on the same level and allows
to his student to criticize it then there
I said there is a moment in history
of humanity in which this for that
that we know happened for the
first time and is on the shores of that
that is today the turkey in miletia
we are in the sixth century before Christ and
milito lives what at the time was the
greater and wise than time tales
the miletto school and the school of
founded by talets is characterized
precisely for this internal debate i
students of anaximene tales
anassimandro take the theories of
tales absorb them make a kind of
what he calls a gesture of love
because only when it is
He deeply knows the theory about
which one is working, one can understand
where you can go and change it for
make this a better make the
students of tales
their teacher’s theories change
but in this way they make them alive
give the possibility to these theories of
continue over time and improve
then something else also happens to
miletto happens that for the first time
in fact it replaces an act of
faith has an explanation given in terms
of some history about some deity
it replaces precisely we said the
critical thinking
what it means means that if it was raining
if there was a thunder previously it came
the priest told us that it is hidden
zeus who was angry had
threw the thunder had come
rain for the first time to the ceilings
andro offers
that rain is a natural phenomenon
it is a phenomenon that we can understand
rationally and proposes that there is everything
a water cycle that explains it
he also proposes other theories, other theories
precisely the naturalistic theories that
allow to explain the phenomena
natural
then you see in mileto
there are no more laws of nature
the laws of heaven given by ideas and by
priests but there are laws of the
nature that men build
discussing with each other
then it is not a coincidence that this happens
right in the same place where it is
the first parliament of humanity a
mileto
there is an amphitheater in which representative
of the different Ionian cities si
they found to discuss the laws
so no more common is a deity
a priest who dictates the laws but a
set of men who create gods and laws
for men he creates laws
discussing meeting and mileto is
in fact, a meeting point is the
link between the east and the
caravans of merchants from the east
then from colonies and miletus then settlers
that will arrive in the south of Italy no
mileto is also the place where the
know ancient at the time know of the
Egyptians of Babylon was already a knowledge
ancient of which, however, in mileto we discuss
then all these are known
factors
the fact that there is a discussion
democratic law
the fact that
there is a mixing of people are not
perhaps just these same factors that
they made it more than a thousand years later
Venice that incredible place
they called the eastern door, it was not the
place where different peoples are
they met people arrived they arrived
people from all over the world and from Venice
merchants were leaving in all of them
directions to look for new goods
meet new peoples venice was one
republic the laws were discussed
secular way
so thanks to this
Venice has become the center where
scientific books were printed
which otherwise would have been put to
place at the stake in other places in Venice
they were printed they were distributed
in all of Europe it is always laicity
independence from the church allowed
the foundation of one of the oldest
University of the world students who
they were fleeing from Bologna and from the others
cities where they must be prosecuted by
religious power found refuge to
Venice and in the Venetian Republic
so we also have a center
scientific
here are all these values
the rebellion cultured rebellion of which
I spoke first of all secularism and democracy
opening the mixing these are
all values that I can call mine
roots that pay attention when we talk about
roots we never talk about the past
I do not want to take the whole thing with me
I do not want to take me behind the past
war sails and hatred
when we talk about redi we make one
choice
we make a choice of the values that are
important for us today for the present
for the future then these are values
that I can take with me I can
bring them to the scientific community
in which I work and in which I live
this great family of researchers
united by the passion for some
for some strange theory for some
scientific challenge
I was lucky enough to work in
this environment where they can meet
and work together as I call mine
academic brothers
so much sharing is going whole
days to discuss these together
Academic brothers come from all over the world
world
this human wealth is one of the things
that I love most in my work
here I will tell you all this with
emotion because I realized that
a moment a bit particular of mine
life I realized that I am
exactly how many years I’ve been
away from Treviso how many those I have
I lived here I left
known different people
I grew up I also changed not
there’s more a unique place than I can
call home
there are so many houses but I’m not alone
I also changed treviso
also changes treviso thankfully
despite the pockets of ignorance of
racism and fascism that unfortunately
still there are
despite all this there is a city
that grows that opens a city more
colored and a city that creates and I in
I can still hear from this city
home
[Applause]
”
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