[Music] okay good afternoon it’s a it’s an
okay good afternoon it’s a it’s an
okay good afternoon it’s a it’s an absolute privilege to be in a city
absolute privilege to be in a city
absolute privilege to be in a city that’s considered to be the oldest most
that’s considered to be the oldest most
that’s considered to be the oldest most continuously inhabited city in India
continuously inhabited city in India
continuously inhabited city in India close to 3,000 years and more ironically
close to 3,000 years and more ironically
close to 3,000 years and more ironically talk about the future when when standing
talk about the future when when standing
talk about the future when when standing in a place like this and at the same
in a place like this and at the same
in a place like this and at the same time I’m also a little bit worried from
time I’m also a little bit worried from
time I’m also a little bit worried from the events of last week predicting the
the events of last week predicting the
the events of last week predicting the future in general is not a very good you
future in general is not a very good you
future in general is not a very good you know profession to have right now but
know profession to have right now but
know profession to have right now but but I’m confident that I think we’re
but I’m confident that I think we’re
but I’m confident that I think we’re really just talking about predicting the
really just talking about predicting the
really just talking about predicting the future for ourselves and by ourselves I
future for ourselves and by ourselves I
future for ourselves and by ourselves I mean the people of this room as
mean the people of this room as
mean the people of this room as engineering professionals me being an
engineering professionals me being an
engineering professionals me being an engineer as well so what I’m going to
engineer as well so what I’m going to
engineer as well so what I’m going to talk about is the future of work this
talk about is the future of work this
talk about is the future of work this has always been an interesting topic for
has always been an interesting topic for
has always been an interesting topic for me we live in an absolutely unique era
me we live in an absolutely unique era
me we live in an absolutely unique era like absolutely nothing else and all of
like absolutely nothing else and all of
like absolutely nothing else and all of you who are students of history will
you who are students of history will
you who are students of history will realize this we realize that mankind
realize this we realize that mankind
realize this we realize that mankind took almost ten 1500 AD to kind of get
took almost ten 1500 AD to kind of get
took almost ten 1500 AD to kind of get to the Renaissance and about seventeen
to the Renaissance and about seventeen
to the Renaissance and about seventeen or eighteen hundred to get to the
or eighteen hundred to get to the
or eighteen hundred to get to the Industrial Revolution and from the
Industrial Revolution and from the
Industrial Revolution and from the Industrial Revolution onwards the rate
Industrial Revolution onwards the rate
Industrial Revolution onwards the rate of change of Technology is being so
of change of Technology is being so
of change of Technology is being so fantastic and so exponential that we
fantastic and so exponential that we
fantastic and so exponential that we aren’t completely uncharted territory
aren’t completely uncharted territory
aren’t completely uncharted territory right now and the reason this is so is
right now and the reason this is so is
right now and the reason this is so is because when you think about the fact
because when you think about the fact
because when you think about the fact that there’s 1.8 billion people on
that there’s 1.8 billion people on
that there’s 1.8 billion people on Facebook country the platform doesn’t
Facebook country the platform doesn’t
Facebook country the platform doesn’t matter this will close to billion people
matter this will close to billion people
matter this will close to billion people on what’s happened so ok the fact of the
on what’s happened so ok the fact of the
on what’s happened so ok the fact of the matter is that at no point in history
matter is that at no point in history
matter is that at no point in history have human beings have been disconnected
have human beings have been disconnected
have human beings have been disconnected with each other digitally and that the
with each other digitally and that the
with each other digitally and that the average human being in the past never
average human being in the past never
average human being in the past never really knew more than 150 people and
really knew more than 150 people and
really knew more than 150 people and never traveled beyond 25 miles from the
never traveled beyond 25 miles from the
never traveled beyond 25 miles from the place of his birth and this was true
place of his birth and this was true
place of his birth and this was true till the 19th century and now you have
till the 19th century and now you have
till the 19th century and now you have you have a moment where you can reach
you have a moment where you can reach
you have a moment where you can reach out to anyone right now it’s also
out to anyone right now it’s also
out to anyone right now it’s also estimated that more people own a mobile
estimated that more people own a mobile
estimated that more people own a mobile phone at this point than a toothbrush in
phone at this point than a toothbrush in
phone at this point than a toothbrush in the world right it’s easy love what
the world right it’s easy love what
the world right it’s easy love what actually says is that we are uniquely
actually says is that we are uniquely
actually says is that we are uniquely capable of realizing that a mobile phone
capable of realizing that a mobile phone
capable of realizing that a mobile phone provides more value in this digital
provides more value in this digital
provides more value in this digital economy
economy
economy than what we would consider to be a
than what we would consider to be a
than what we would consider to be a basic object of Hygiene so our
basic object of Hygiene so our
basic object of Hygiene so our assumptions about what’s important
assumptions about what’s important
assumptions about what’s important what’s or not are all completely broken
what’s or not are all completely broken
what’s or not are all completely broken know some interesting examples that I
know some interesting examples that I
know some interesting examples that I want to talk about it
want to talk about it
want to talk about it when Instagram all of your vote against
when Instagram all of your vote against
when Instagram all of your vote against aircraft when Instagram was sold to
aircraft when Instagram was sold to
aircraft when Instagram was sold to Facebook in 2012 sort of billion dollars
Facebook in 2012 sort of billion dollars
Facebook in 2012 sort of billion dollars right in 2012 New York Times was valued
right in 2012 New York Times was valued
right in 2012 New York Times was valued at nine forty six million dollars right
at nine forty six million dollars right
at nine forty six million dollars right so essentially an app built by about
so essentially an app built by about
so essentially an app built by about twenty five kids for food photography
twenty five kids for food photography
twenty five kids for food photography and selfies was more valuable than the
and selfies was more valuable than the
and selfies was more valuable than the world’s most respected newspaper right
world’s most respected newspaper right
world’s most respected newspaper right now what it actually tells us they said
now what it actually tells us they said
now what it actually tells us they said there’s this inflection point in exactly
there’s this inflection point in exactly
there’s this inflection point in exactly how we perceive society and how there is
how we perceive society and how there is
how we perceive society and how there is what we call a degradation of
what we call a degradation of
what we call a degradation of institutional power right where the good
institutional power right where the good
institutional power right where the good or bad is not something that we judge
or bad is not something that we judge
or bad is not something that we judge but what it says is that the power to do
but what it says is that the power to do
but what it says is that the power to do journalism the power to record what you
journalism the power to record what you
journalism the power to record what you see around has permanently shifted away
see around has permanently shifted away
see around has permanently shifted away from those with power like the New York
from those with power like the New York
from those with power like the New York Times to those with cell phones in their
Times to those with cell phones in their
Times to those with cell phones in their hands right so that’s essentially what
hands right so that’s essentially what
hands right so that’s essentially what this means now when you think about the
this means now when you think about the
this means now when you think about the fact that today a start-up like BuzzFeed
fact that today a start-up like BuzzFeed
fact that today a start-up like BuzzFeed generates more page views than the New
generates more page views than the New
generates more page views than the New York Times and forget this in India I
York Times and forget this in India I
York Times and forget this in India I would wager that more people most of
would wager that more people most of
would wager that more people most of your relatives get your news from
your relatives get your news from
your relatives get your news from whatsapp for words and less from the
whatsapp for words and less from the
whatsapp for words and less from the traditional mainstream media we are now
traditional mainstream media we are now
traditional mainstream media we are now in an unprecedented level of distrust in
in an unprecedented level of distrust in
in an unprecedented level of distrust in any sort of mainstream sources
any sort of mainstream sources
any sort of mainstream sources institutional sources of information
institutional sources of information
institutional sources of information right so where we are going right now is
right so where we are going right now is
right so where we are going right now is the fact that when this happened all of
the fact that when this happened all of
the fact that when this happened all of you are geeks here so you would all know
you are geeks here so you would all know
you are geeks here so you would all know what this meant like Gangnam style
what this meant like Gangnam style
what this meant like Gangnam style caused Google to actually change their
caused Google to actually change their
caused Google to actually change their data type for the view count from
data type for the view count from
data type for the view count from integer to long integer simply because
integer to long integer simply because
integer to long integer simply because it would cross 2.1 million views right
it would cross 2.1 million views right
it would cross 2.1 million views right so what it also means is the fact that I
so what it also means is the fact that I
so what it also means is the fact that I grew up in an India where do Dutchman
grew up in an India where do Dutchman
grew up in an India where do Dutchman used to happen in the morning and then
used to happen in the morning and then
used to happen in the morning and then shut down and then resume in the evening
shut down and then resume in the evening
shut down and then resume in the evening right and now there’s a hundred hours of
right and now there’s a hundred hours of
right and now there’s a hundred hours of video uploaded to YouTube every minute
video uploaded to YouTube every minute
video uploaded to YouTube every minute there’s no subject that you cannot learn
there’s no subject that you cannot learn
there’s no subject that you cannot learn you do not have to be an IIT partner to
you do not have to be an IIT partner to
you do not have to be an IIT partner to learn engineering you can watch these in
learn engineering you can watch these in
learn engineering you can watch these in these
these
these professors in the world teach this over
professors in the world teach this over
professors in the world teach this over Coursera over YouTube over over any one
Coursera over YouTube over over any one
Coursera over YouTube over over any one of these phones right so we’re not
of these phones right so we’re not
of these phones right so we’re not living at a time when kids are building
living at a time when kids are building
living at a time when kids are building iPhone apps and I’m not kidding you
iPhone apps and I’m not kidding you
iPhone apps and I’m not kidding you I learnt iPhone programming from a
I learnt iPhone programming from a
I learnt iPhone programming from a channel by eleven-year-old Americ Indian
channel by eleven-year-old Americ Indian
channel by eleven-year-old Americ Indian American kid who has more than million
American kid who has more than million
American kid who has more than million views on YouTube right and that’s where
views on YouTube right and that’s where
views on YouTube right and that’s where I learned i phone programming from right
I learned i phone programming from right
I learned i phone programming from right so I didn’t go to an expensive course or
so I didn’t go to an expensive course or
so I didn’t go to an expensive course or pay money for it like so what’s
pay money for it like so what’s
pay money for it like so what’s happening now is that we’re also at a
happening now is that we’re also at a
happening now is that we’re also at a point of time when more people are
point of time when more people are
point of time when more people are taking Harvard MOOCs then actually
taking Harvard MOOCs then actually
taking Harvard MOOCs then actually attending Harvard so one last
attending Harvard so one last
attending Harvard so one last interesting point is that how many of
interesting point is that how many of
interesting point is that how many of you play video games here so much we
you play video games here so much we
you play video games here so much we play video games and fallout 4 was this
play video games and fallout 4 was this
play video games and fallout 4 was this big video game that came out last year
big video game that came out last year
big video game that came out last year right and just just to put things in
right and just just to put things in
right and just just to put things in perspective the Titanic made a billion
perspective the Titanic made a billion
perspective the Titanic made a billion dollars in in its first decade right
dollars in in its first decade right
dollars in in its first decade right that’s box office DVD sales three runs
that’s box office DVD sales three runs
that’s box office DVD sales three runs on TVs and so on fallout 4 beat 750
on TVs and so on fallout 4 beat 750
on TVs and so on fallout 4 beat 750 million dollars in the first 24 hours of
million dollars in the first 24 hours of
million dollars in the first 24 hours of its launch right we’ll think about the
its launch right we’ll think about the
its launch right we’ll think about the fact that video games are built by small
fact that video games are built by small
fact that video games are built by small teams of 2530 people think about this
teams of 2530 people think about this
teams of 2530 people think about this pack the 30 30 people are able to build
pack the 30 30 people are able to build
pack the 30 30 people are able to build something that makes about 750 million
something that makes about 750 million
something that makes about 750 million dollars in a year so we live in
dollars in a year so we live in
dollars in a year so we live in completely nonlinear economic times as
completely nonlinear economic times as
completely nonlinear economic times as well it’s not it’s nothing like ever
well it’s not it’s nothing like ever
well it’s not it’s nothing like ever before right no company could make a
before right no company could make a
before right no company could make a billion dollars in a day before because
billion dollars in a day before because
billion dollars in a day before because if you had to make some tangible good it
if you had to make some tangible good it
if you had to make some tangible good it takes time and material and costs and
takes time and material and costs and
takes time and material and costs and people apparently close to 3,000 people
people apparently close to 3,000 people
people apparently close to 3,000 people worked on making the Titanic a small
worked on making the Titanic a small
worked on making the Titanic a small fraction of them worked on making this
fraction of them worked on making this
fraction of them worked on making this video game right
video game right
video game right so what’s also happening is that this is
so what’s also happening is that this is
so what’s also happening is that this is one of my favorite examples Kickstarter
one of my favorite examples Kickstarter
one of my favorite examples Kickstarter a crowdfunding platform this is a famous
a crowdfunding platform this is a famous
a crowdfunding platform this is a famous example of somebody who managed to get
example of somebody who managed to get
example of somebody who managed to get close to 3,500 people to find 30 almost
close to 3,500 people to find 30 almost
close to 3,500 people to find 30 almost to the cure of 37 thousand dollars for a
to the cure of 37 thousand dollars for a
to the cure of 37 thousand dollars for a bowl of potato salad I am not kidding
bowl of potato salad I am not kidding
bowl of potato salad I am not kidding you right 10 years ago if you had to
you right 10 years ago if you had to
you right 10 years ago if you had to walk into a bank and say look I have a
walk into a bank and say look I have a
walk into a bank and say look I have a business plan I’m going to make potato
business plan I’m going to make potato
business plan I’m going to make potato salad right and I need thirty five
salad right and I need thirty five
salad right and I need thirty five thousand dollars if the security would
thousand dollars if the security would
thousand dollars if the security would kick you out okay but now the
kick you out okay but now the
kick you out okay but now the interesting thing is is that there is no
interesting thing is is that there is no
interesting thing is is that there is no democratization of your ideas
democratization of your ideas
democratization of your ideas able to sort of be able to be funded in
able to sort of be able to be funded in
able to sort of be able to be funded in any which way you want right although in
any which way you want right although in
any which way you want right although in this case it was a nice stanky man he
this case it was a nice stanky man he
this case it was a nice stanky man he turned into to charity but what actually
turned into to charity but what actually
turned into to charity but what actually says is that never before has the time
says is that never before has the time
says is that never before has the time for taking an idea and turning it into
for taking an idea and turning it into
for taking an idea and turning it into an actual product ever being shot at
an actual product ever being shot at
an actual product ever being shot at right you have an idea you can 3d print
right you have an idea you can 3d print
right you have an idea you can 3d print it you can go to Alibaba find a Chinese
it you can go to Alibaba find a Chinese
it you can go to Alibaba find a Chinese supplier get it manufactured start
supplier get it manufactured start
supplier get it manufactured start selling it on an e-commerce platform
selling it on an e-commerce platform
selling it on an e-commerce platform that’s that’s the supply chain of of the
that’s that’s the supply chain of of the
that’s that’s the supply chain of of the digital world we live in today now this
digital world we live in today now this
digital world we live in today now this is one of the more important things that
is one of the more important things that
is one of the more important things that we need to keep in mind that for those
we need to keep in mind that for those
we need to keep in mind that for those of you don’t know what this is this is
of you don’t know what this is this is
of you don’t know what this is this is an Amazon warehouse okay an Amazon
an Amazon warehouse okay an Amazon
an Amazon warehouse okay an Amazon warehouse that traditionally used to
warehouse that traditionally used to
warehouse that traditionally used to have human beings who used to go and
have human beings who used to go and
have human beings who used to go and pick up things from shelves but
pick up things from shelves but
pick up things from shelves but apparently they now have robots these
apparently they now have robots these
apparently they now have robots these are kiba robots and you know most people
are kiba robots and you know most people
are kiba robots and you know most people think robots have to be like terminator
think robots have to be like terminator
think robots have to be like terminator very you know anthropomorphic gain and
very you know anthropomorphic gain and
very you know anthropomorphic gain and and therefore they think that it’s not
and therefore they think that it’s not
and therefore they think that it’s not likely to happen no actually these
likely to happen no actually these
likely to happen no actually these robots are just those small vacuum
robots are just those small vacuum
robots are just those small vacuum cleaner type things that carry entire
cleaner type things that carry entire
cleaner type things that carry entire shelves right
shelves right
shelves right the reason this slide is really
the reason this slide is really
the reason this slide is really important and I want you to keep this in
important and I want you to keep this in
important and I want you to keep this in mind the design of this warehouse is
mind the design of this warehouse is
mind the design of this warehouse is actually now designed for the robots
actually now designed for the robots
actually now designed for the robots it’s not designed for human beings in
it’s not designed for human beings in
it’s not designed for human beings in case you’ll notice the items in the
case you’ll notice the items in the
case you’ll notice the items in the warehouse are not exactly arranged in
warehouse are not exactly arranged in
warehouse are not exactly arranged in order that would make it easy for a
order that would make it easy for a
order that would make it easy for a human being to go pick up oh this is the
human being to go pick up oh this is the
human being to go pick up oh this is the electronic session this is the Apple
electronic session this is the Apple
electronic session this is the Apple tablets you know I’m going to pick the
tablets you know I’m going to pick the
tablets you know I’m going to pick the iPad from there no Amazon actually says
iPad from there no Amazon actually says
iPad from there no Amazon actually says that since people tend to buy iPads all
that since people tend to buy iPads all
that since people tend to buy iPads all at the same time so it makes sense that
at the same time so it makes sense that
at the same time so it makes sense that people different people who buy the same
people different people who buy the same
people different people who buy the same object they should be placed as far away
object they should be placed as far away
object they should be placed as far away as possible so that the robots don’t get
as possible so that the robots don’t get
as possible so that the robots don’t get into a traffic jam while going and
into a traffic jam while going and
into a traffic jam while going and getting it right
getting it right
getting it right so think about this this is designed
so think about this this is designed
so think about this this is designed simply by the brute force use of data
simply by the brute force use of data
simply by the brute force use of data this is not something that human beings
this is not something that human beings
this is not something that human beings can ever think of doing right so this is
can ever think of doing right so this is
can ever think of doing right so this is a very very interesting world and we
a very very interesting world and we
a very very interesting world and we will talk about it as we go along okay
will talk about it as we go along okay
will talk about it as we go along okay now can you just play this video now as
now can you just play this video now as
now can you just play this video now as much as I’d like to be an optimist I
much as I’d like to be an optimist I
much as I’d like to be an optimist I thought you know it should be fun to
thought you know it should be fun to
thought you know it should be fun to take a look at this this is from
take a look at this this is from
take a look at this this is from Berkeley this is a multi-million dollar
Berkeley this is a multi-million dollar
Berkeley this is a multi-million dollar robot that is capable of doing what you
robot that is capable of doing what you
robot that is capable of doing what you are about to see
are about to see
are about to see what it actually does is that it it is
what it actually does is that it it is
what it actually does is that it it is able to take things from a random bunch
able to take things from a random bunch
able to take things from a random bunch of clothes carefully look at it and fold
of clothes carefully look at it and fold
of clothes carefully look at it and fold it right so what are their year old
it right so what are their year old
it right so what are their year old human being can do without thinking this
human being can do without thinking this
human being can do without thinking this multi-million dollar robot is only now
multi-million dollar robot is only now
multi-million dollar robot is only now being able to do that right so the
being able to do that right so the
being able to do that right so the reason I am actually showing this slide
reason I am actually showing this slide
reason I am actually showing this slide is because our understanding of AI
is because our understanding of AI
is because our understanding of AI should not be that it’s going to take
should not be that it’s going to take
should not be that it’s going to take away all our jumps that it should go to
away all our jumps that it should go to
away all our jumps that it should go to replace it’s going to automate
replace it’s going to automate
replace it’s going to automate everything right professor Andrew McAfee
everything right professor Andrew McAfee
everything right professor Andrew McAfee says that with today’s AI it is easier
says that with today’s AI it is easier
says that with today’s AI it is easier to replace a half a million dollar
to replace a half a million dollar
to replace a half a million dollar salary investment banker than it is to
salary investment banker than it is to
salary investment banker than it is to replace up lumber right so there are
replace up lumber right so there are
replace up lumber right so there are certain categories of things that human
certain categories of things that human
certain categories of things that human beings will always be better at doing
beings will always be better at doing
beings will always be better at doing apparently portly clothes is one of them
apparently portly clothes is one of them
apparently portly clothes is one of them so and one of those things that human
so and one of those things that human
so and one of those things that human beings are bad at doing is driving we
beings are bad at doing is driving we
beings are bad at doing is driving we kill more of ourselves with drunk riding
kill more of ourselves with drunk riding
kill more of ourselves with drunk riding than pretty much any other non natural
than pretty much any other non natural
than pretty much any other non natural causes and this is and this is this is
causes and this is and this is this is
causes and this is and this is this is now getting to be mainstream two years
now getting to be mainstream two years
now getting to be mainstream two years ago I would not have believed that
ago I would not have believed that
ago I would not have believed that self-driving cars would be a reality but
self-driving cars would be a reality but
self-driving cars would be a reality but they very well are there are
they very well are there are
they very well are there are self-driving movers in Pittsburgh and
self-driving movers in Pittsburgh and
self-driving movers in Pittsburgh and here’s the funny thing
here’s the funny thing
here’s the funny thing technology is now gone so far ahead of
technology is now gone so far ahead of
technology is now gone so far ahead of of governments and you know regulation
of governments and you know regulation
of governments and you know regulation and the law that the self driving uber
and the law that the self driving uber
and the law that the self driving uber need to have a driver who touches the
need to have a driver who touches the
need to have a driver who touches the steering because the law requires and
steering because the law requires and
steering because the law requires and driver to touch the steering when he
driver to touch the steering when he
driver to touch the steering when he doesn’t have to do anything
doesn’t have to do anything
doesn’t have to do anything Mr Carr still drives itself right so so
Mr Carr still drives itself right so so
Mr Carr still drives itself right so so that’s where we are okay so I don’t want
that’s where we are okay so I don’t want
that’s where we are okay so I don’t want to give you a an entertaining story
to give you a an entertaining story
to give you a an entertaining story before we kind of get into the more
before we kind of get into the more
before we kind of get into the more serious business of you know where all
serious business of you know where all
serious business of you know where all of this is going for all of us in this
of this is going for all of us in this
of this is going for all of us in this room this is surreal actually of a
room this is surreal actually of a
room this is surreal actually of a colleague who works in California right
colleague who works in California right
colleague who works in California right and and for those of you who know
and and for those of you who know
and and for those of you who know California who ought to have watched a
California who ought to have watched a
California who ought to have watched a lot of Hollywood movies there’s a
lot of Hollywood movies there’s a
lot of Hollywood movies there’s a certain stereotype associated with
certain stereotype associated with
certain stereotype associated with California it’s very different this is
California it’s very different this is
California it’s very different this is different stereotype associated with
different stereotype associated with
different stereotype associated with Texas that you notice with California so
Texas that you notice with California so
Texas that you notice with California so the typical Bay Area person is someone
the typical Bay Area person is someone
the typical Bay Area person is someone to reason to yo guys into spirituality
to reason to yo guys into spirituality
to reason to yo guys into spirituality each wave and food does not eat burgers
each wave and food does not eat burgers
each wave and food does not eat burgers you know so that tip
you know so that tip
you know so that tip Silicon Valley sort of mindset and so
Silicon Valley sort of mindset and so
Silicon Valley sort of mindset and so this is a this is a designer was a
this is a this is a designer was a
this is a this is a designer was a colleague of mine who predictably enough
colleague of mine who predictably enough
colleague of mine who predictably enough is from California and has not eaten a
is from California and has not eaten a
is from California and has not eaten a burger for about seven or eight years
burger for about seven or eight years
burger for about seven or eight years and after a long trip she decides that
and after a long trip she decides that
and after a long trip she decides that you know what I feel like eating a
you know what I feel like eating a
you know what I feel like eating a burger right so she goes to a McDonald’s
burger right so she goes to a McDonald’s
burger right so she goes to a McDonald’s and orders a broker and pays with her
and orders a broker and pays with her
and orders a broker and pays with her credit card and her card is declined she
credit card and her card is declined she
credit card and her card is declined she being a designer she calls the bank and
being a designer she calls the bank and
being a designer she calls the bank and says what happened maybe I surely have
says what happened maybe I surely have
says what happened maybe I surely have money why did you decline my car
money why did you decline my car
money why did you decline my car so the humor they pulled out that that
so the humor they pulled out that that
so the humor they pulled out that that our fraud detection algorithm that
our fraud detection algorithm that
our fraud detection algorithm that profiled you not as someone who is
profiled you not as someone who is
profiled you not as someone who is likely to eat at the make comments
that’s not the end of it and they said
that’s not the end of it and they said that’s that statistically patterns also
that’s that statistically patterns also
that’s that statistically patterns also tell us that when somebody steals a
tell us that when somebody steals a
tell us that when somebody steals a credit card there’s a very strong chance
credit card there’s a very strong chance
credit card there’s a very strong chance that the very first purchase they make
that the very first purchase they make
that the very first purchase they make is usually a burger at McDonalds so I
is usually a burger at McDonalds so I
is usually a burger at McDonalds so I say silly wait so here’s the interesting
say silly wait so here’s the interesting
say silly wait so here’s the interesting thing this is not the sort of pattern
thing this is not the sort of pattern
thing this is not the sort of pattern that a human being could have put
that a human being could have put
that a human being could have put together this requires pretty much
together this requires pretty much
together this requires pretty much terabytes of data analysis that only
terabytes of data analysis that only
terabytes of data analysis that only algorithms are good at doing right so in
algorithms are good at doing right so in
algorithms are good at doing right so in this case it was a hilarious sort of
this case it was a hilarious sort of
this case it was a hilarious sort of failure but think about the number of
failure but think about the number of
failure but think about the number of fraud situation that it actually
fraud situation that it actually
fraud situation that it actually captures right so that’s where we got
captures right so that’s where we got
captures right so that’s where we got like here is being here’s the bad news
like here is being here’s the bad news
like here is being here’s the bad news though the bad news the bad news is that
though the bad news the bad news is that
though the bad news the bad news is that today’s professions and therefore
today’s professions and therefore
today’s professions and therefore education systems are absolutely not
education systems are absolutely not
education systems are absolutely not designed for today’s work because our
designed for today’s work because our
designed for today’s work because our education systems are a product of the
education systems are a product of the
education systems are a product of the Industrial Revolution are a product off
Industrial Revolution are a product off
Industrial Revolution are a product off of an era where factories needed a lot
of an era where factories needed a lot
of an era where factories needed a lot of non-creative order takers so we build
of non-creative order takers so we build
of non-creative order takers so we build schools remove all artistic education
schools remove all artistic education
schools remove all artistic education from them forced people to learn science
from them forced people to learn science
from them forced people to learn science and basics of maths and mathematics and
and basics of maths and mathematics and
and basics of maths and mathematics and accounting and so on so that we could
accounting and so on so that we could
accounting and so on so that we could create a generation of factory employees
create a generation of factory employees
create a generation of factory employees and we are still living with that system
and we are still living with that system
and we are still living with that system right so when you think about it our
right so when you think about it our
right so when you think about it our professions are not designed for today’s
professions are not designed for today’s
professions are not designed for today’s one and we are all at the verge of
one and we are all at the verge of
one and we are all at the verge of absorptions
absorptions
absorptions and the reason for that are the
and the reason for that are the
and the reason for that are the following things right we are expensive
following things right we are expensive
following things right we are expensive so think about medical care and we just
so think about medical care and we just
so think about medical care and we just saw the top before right medical care is
saw the top before right medical care is
saw the top before right medical care is unaffordable in most parts of the world
unaffordable in most parts of the world
unaffordable in most parts of the world right and we’re very very expensive
right and we’re very very expensive
right and we’re very very expensive engineers and expensive lawyers are
engineers and expensive lawyers are
engineers and expensive lawyers are expensive
expensive
expensive tax accountants are expensive it’s wrong
tax accountants are expensive it’s wrong
tax accountants are expensive it’s wrong we’re not scalable we don’t serve a
we’re not scalable we don’t serve a
we’re not scalable we don’t serve a significant chunk of the world we serve
significant chunk of the world we serve
significant chunk of the world we serve only the urban middle class and above
only the urban middle class and above
only the urban middle class and above right so we think about professionals in
right so we think about professionals in
right so we think about professionals in engineering and medicine and science
engineering and medicine and science
engineering and medicine and science what we actually don’t we’re not
what we actually don’t we’re not
what we actually don’t we’re not scalable at all
scalable at all
scalable at all and we vastly overrated the value of our
and we vastly overrated the value of our
and we vastly overrated the value of our expertise and I’ll give you a very
expertise and I’ll give you a very
expertise and I’ll give you a very classic example till 10 or 20 years back
classic example till 10 or 20 years back
classic example till 10 or 20 years back people had to pay lots of money to get
people had to pay lots of money to get
people had to pay lots of money to get their taxes done but it’s only a matter
their taxes done but it’s only a matter
their taxes done but it’s only a matter of time when the internet came and
of time when the internet came and
of time when the internet came and people figured out that what do you need
people figured out that what do you need
people figured out that what do you need to do to file taxes you need an expert
to do to file taxes you need an expert
to do to file taxes you need an expert system or food system that is able to
system or food system that is able to
system or food system that is able to sort of derive design all of those in a
sort of derive design all of those in a
sort of derive design all of those in a database and ask you to fill forms and
database and ask you to fill forms and
database and ask you to fill forms and actually just just get the taxes done
actually just just get the taxes done
actually just just get the taxes done right the so in essence software was
right the so in essence software was
right the so in essence software was able to replace what used to be a very
able to replace what used to be a very
able to replace what used to be a very best pork expensive an auditor had to
best pork expensive an auditor had to
best pork expensive an auditor had to compare home to do your taxes sort of
compare home to do your taxes sort of
compare home to do your taxes sort of thing at least in the West right and
thing at least in the West right and
thing at least in the West right and it’s going to start to happen a week and
it’s going to start to happen a week and
it’s going to start to happen a week and this is going to happen to many
this is going to happen to many
this is going to happen to many industries not just you know tax
industries not just you know tax
industries not just you know tax accounting right so I want to tell you
accounting right so I want to tell you
accounting right so I want to tell you the story of what’s called the grand
the story of what’s called the grand
the story of what’s called the grand bargain the grand bargain essentially
bargain the grand bargain essentially
bargain the grand bargain essentially came about in the Middle Ages right
came about in the Middle Ages right
came about in the Middle Ages right where human beings living in large
where human beings living in large
where human beings living in large cities in large civilizations realize
cities in large civilizations realize
cities in large civilizations realize that you cannot possibly know everything
that you cannot possibly know everything
that you cannot possibly know everything right you cannot for example do brain
right you cannot for example do brain
right you cannot for example do brain surgery on yourself right it would be
surgery on yourself right it would be
surgery on yourself right it would be very risky to do so okay and you also
very risky to do so okay and you also
very risky to do so okay and you also don’t want any random check operating on
don’t want any random check operating on
don’t want any random check operating on your bracket right and also and
your bracket right and also and
your bracket right and also and therefore what happened is that society
therefore what happened is that society
therefore what happened is that society organized itself into guilds and
organized itself into guilds and
organized itself into guilds and professional sort of societies the guild
professional sort of societies the guild
professional sort of societies the guild of engineers the guild of barber at the
of engineers the guild of barber at the
of engineers the guild of barber at the guilt of surgeons and so all right so
guilt of surgeons and so all right so
guilt of surgeons and so all right so when you think about this grand bargain
when you think about this grand bargain
when you think about this grand bargain and that’s really the world that we live
and that’s really the world that we live
and that’s really the world that we live in right so what’s happening now is that
in right so what’s happening now is that
in right so what’s happening now is that over the last six or seven hundred years
over the last six or seven hundred years
over the last six or seven hundred years these gills and professions that we live
these gills and professions that we live
these gills and professions that we live in these systems that we live in have
in these systems that we live in have
in these systems that we live in have all become problematic the very first
all become problematic the very first
all become problematic the very first problem is that there’s a tyranny of
problem is that there’s a tyranny of
problem is that there’s a tyranny of expertise which is that most of the
expertise which is that most of the
expertise which is that most of the knowledge that we
knowledge that we
knowledge that we that we tend to gain from here tends to
that we tend to gain from here tends to
that we tend to gain from here tends to be close source knowledge whereas when
be close source knowledge whereas when
be close source knowledge whereas when you think about tech support right how
you think about tech support right how
you think about tech support right how many people just Google for a problem
many people just Google for a problem
many people just Google for a problem and there’s somebody helping each other
and there’s somebody helping each other
and there’s somebody helping each other out as opposed to calling and waiting
out as opposed to calling and waiting
out as opposed to calling and waiting you know endlessly for a 1-800 or a
you know endlessly for a 1-800 or a
you know endlessly for a 1-800 or a toll-free number right so when you think
toll-free number right so when you think
toll-free number right so when you think about open source versus close source
about open source versus close source
about open source versus close source knowledge this is one of the things
knowledge this is one of the things
knowledge this is one of the things that’s actually changing it and once you
that’s actually changing it and once you
that’s actually changing it and once you open source knowledge it becomes
open source knowledge it becomes
open source knowledge it becomes possible to scale the the offering to a
possible to scale the the offering to a
possible to scale the the offering to a large group of people right then there
large group of people right then there
large group of people right then there is the status quo bias right most
is the status quo bias right most
is the status quo bias right most innovations in any industry come from
innovations in any industry come from
innovations in any industry come from the outside we’ve never recognized it
the outside we’ve never recognized it
the outside we’ve never recognized it right the VHS tape when it was invented
right the VHS tape when it was invented
right the VHS tape when it was invented the movie industry said this is the
the movie industry said this is the
the movie industry said this is the worst thing we must ban it right and
worst thing we must ban it right and
worst thing we must ban it right and then again they accepted it again not
then again they accepted it again not
then again they accepted it again not learning from those mistakes when mp3s
learning from those mistakes when mp3s
learning from those mistakes when mp3s came the music industry said no digital
came the music industry said no digital
came the music industry said no digital downloads must be banned we must
downloads must be banned we must
downloads must be banned we must absolutely not have digital downloads
absolutely not have digital downloads
absolutely not have digital downloads but they have to lose out again right so
but they have to lose out again right so
but they have to lose out again right so and there is also technology in myopia
and there is also technology in myopia
and there is also technology in myopia you saw all those technology trends very
you saw all those technology trends very
you saw all those technology trends very few industries really recognize that it
few industries really recognize that it
few industries really recognize that it applies to them most people think the
applies to them most people think the
applies to them most people think the most disruptive technology will affect
most disruptive technology will affect
most disruptive technology will affect all other industries not my industry
all other industries not my industry
all other industries not my industry right so this is a very common thing
right so this is a very common thing
right so this is a very common thing right and the last one which is that
right and the last one which is that
right and the last one which is that there is something called the
there is something called the
there is something called the anthropomorphic AI fallacy which is that
anthropomorphic AI fallacy which is that
anthropomorphic AI fallacy which is that we believe that AI has to work exactly
we believe that AI has to work exactly
we believe that AI has to work exactly like a human being for it to be
like a human being for it to be
like a human being for it to be effective
effective
effective and here’s the amazing thing most of the
and here’s the amazing thing most of the
and here’s the amazing thing most of the stunning breakthroughs in AI have been
stunning breakthroughs in AI have been
stunning breakthroughs in AI have been not as a result of a IDE working like
not as a result of a IDE working like
not as a result of a IDE working like the human brain but in completely new
the human brain but in completely new
the human brain but in completely new ways right with deep learning and all
ways right with deep learning and all
ways right with deep learning and all these other things both in completely
these other things both in completely
these other things both in completely new ways and actually there that’s a
new ways and actually there that’s a
new ways and actually there that’s a reason why I’ve been able to make these
reason why I’ve been able to make these
reason why I’ve been able to make these breakthroughs right so let’s get this so
breakthroughs right so let’s get this so
breakthroughs right so let’s get this so what is the future of work the future of
what is the future of work the future of
what is the future of work the future of work is about expertise being more
work is about expertise being more
work is about expertise being more distributed than you think right is
distributed than you think right is
distributed than you think right is imagine the fact that your knowledge is
imagine the fact that your knowledge is
imagine the fact that your knowledge is now far more widely available freely
now far more widely available freely
now far more widely available freely accessible somebody somewhere is
accessible somebody somewhere is
accessible somebody somewhere is watching a Coursera course and learning
watching a Coursera course and learning
watching a Coursera course and learning exactly what you’re learning and can do
exactly what you’re learning and can do
exactly what you’re learning and can do whatever it is that you’re doing right
whatever it is that you’re doing right
whatever it is that you’re doing right and realize that much of what we call
and realize that much of what we call
and realize that much of what we call professional expertise is automatable in
professional expertise is automatable in
professional expertise is automatable in the next few years right and the only
the next few years right and the only
the next few years right and the only way you can stay relevant is not by
way you can stay relevant is not by
way you can stay relevant is not by doing what’s called narrow focus and
doing what’s called narrow focus and
doing what’s called narrow focus and specialization but by doing something
specialization but by doing something
specialization but by doing something called continuous partial attention it
called continuous partial attention it
called continuous partial attention it used to be called attention deficit now
used to be called attention deficit now
used to be called attention deficit now it’s called continuous
it’s called continuous
it’s called continuous attention you should actually be
attention you should actually be
attention you should actually be multidisciplinary at the intersection of
multidisciplinary at the intersection of
multidisciplinary at the intersection of art and science at the intersection of
art and science at the intersection of
art and science at the intersection of design and engineering right right you
design and engineering right right you
design and engineering right right you must know how to work with the earth not
must know how to work with the earth not
must know how to work with the earth not compete with it right the smartest
compete with it right the smartest
compete with it right the smartest people in the future will be once that
people in the future will be once that
people in the future will be once that will work smartly with air and the last
will work smartly with air and the last
will work smartly with air and the last one of all remember that technology is
one of all remember that technology is
one of all remember that technology is disappearing by disappearing I mean it’s
disappearing by disappearing I mean it’s
disappearing by disappearing I mean it’s getting smaller and smaller you won’t
getting smaller and smaller you won’t
getting smaller and smaller you won’t know where sensors are right and that
know where sensors are right and that
know where sensors are right and that completely changes many industries and
completely changes many industries and
completely changes many industries and technology also results in
technology also results in
technology also results in dematerialization anything that used to
dematerialization anything that used to
dematerialization anything that used to be hardware is now software cloud
be hardware is now software cloud
be hardware is now software cloud computing 3d printing and so on the last
computing 3d printing and so on the last
computing 3d printing and so on the last but not the least if you are in any
but not the least if you are in any
but not the least if you are in any industry that’s a middleman you will be
industry that’s a middleman you will be
industry that’s a middleman you will be disintermediated right so thank you
”
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