Nemo’s garden | Luca Gamberini | TEDxCibeles

[Applause]

[Applause] so you just went grocery shopping and

so you just went grocery shopping and

so you just went grocery shopping and you bought everything you needed for a

you bought everything you needed for a

you bought everything you needed for a nice dinner for four people but you go

nice dinner for four people but you go

nice dinner for four people but you go back home and there’s actually six of

back home and there’s actually six of

back home and there’s actually six of you so take the car and you go back to

you so take the car and you go back to

you so take the car and you go back to the grocery store only to find that it’s

the grocery store only to find that it’s

the grocery store only to find that it’s empty you move to the next grocery store

empty you move to the next grocery store

empty you move to the next grocery store and then the supermarket and then the

and then the supermarket and then the

and then the supermarket and then the department stores but all the shelves

department stores but all the shelves

department stores but all the shelves are empty now this is a simple metaphor

are empty now this is a simple metaphor

are empty now this is a simple metaphor of what may happen to us in just thirty

of what may happen to us in just thirty

of what may happen to us in just thirty three years from now we know that

three years from now we know that

three years from now we know that presently in the world more than 1

presently in the world more than 1

presently in the world more than 1 billion people suffer from starvation

the world the land area of the world is

the world the land area of the world is approximately 13,000 million acres and

approximately 13,000 million acres and

approximately 13,000 million acres and just thirty seven point six percent of

just thirty seven point six percent of

just thirty seven point six percent of that is agricultural area it’s mainly

that is agricultural area it’s mainly

that is agricultural area it’s mainly dedicated to pastures and growing food

dedicated to pastures and growing food

dedicated to pastures and growing food for cattle and biofuel just a small

for cattle and biofuel just a small

for cattle and biofuel just a small portion is Agri is arable area now since

portion is Agri is arable area now since

portion is Agri is arable area now since 1950s some 2 billion actors of this area

1950s some 2 billion actors of this area

1950s some 2 billion actors of this area have been determined degraded which mean

have been determined degraded which mean

have been determined degraded which mean that it falls out of the possibility of

that it falls out of the possibility of

that it falls out of the possibility of growing food pollution desertification

growing food pollution desertification

growing food pollution desertification urban encroachment all these account for

urban encroachment all these account for

urban encroachment all these account for further reducing our availability of

further reducing our availability of

further reducing our availability of land so more people less land higher

land so more people less land higher

land so more people less land higher demand for food where are we potentially

demand for food where are we potentially

demand for food where are we potentially headed well I read once that by 2050

headed well I read once that by 2050

headed well I read once that by 2050 given the growth in population predicted

given the growth in population predicted

given the growth in population predicted the same level of starvation and the

the same level of starvation and the

the same level of starvation and the present ways of agriculture we will need

present ways of agriculture we will need

present ways of agriculture we will need to find an area the size of Brazil to

to find an area the size of Brazil to

to find an area the size of Brazil to feed the world this might be an

feed the world this might be an

feed the world this might be an exaggerated statement but nonetheless

exaggerated statement but nonetheless

exaggerated statement but nonetheless left me speechless

left me speechless

left me speechless now agriculture is both a basic need of

now agriculture is both a basic need of

now agriculture is both a basic need of man

man

man but also a very dangerous activity for

but also a very dangerous activity for

but also a very dangerous activity for our environment in fact our culture is

our environment in fact our culture is

our environment in fact our culture is one of the biggest culprit of global

one of the biggest culprit of global

one of the biggest culprit of global warming

warming

warming it emits more greenhouse gases than our

it emits more greenhouse gases than our

it emits more greenhouse gases than our trucks cars planes combined farming is

trucks cars planes combined farming is

trucks cars planes combined farming is one of the thirstiest users of our

one of the thirstiest users of our

one of the thirstiest users of our precious water supplies and agriculture

precious water supplies and agriculture

precious water supplies and agriculture is the culprit of the loss of

is the culprit of the loss of

is the culprit of the loss of biodiversity in the world in this

biodiversity in the world in this

biodiversity in the world in this centuries that have passed what would

centuries that have passed what would

centuries that have passed what would you think if I were to tell you that

you think if I were to tell you that

you think if I were to tell you that farms in the US alone have been

farms in the US alone have been

farms in the US alone have been producing two Sun two hundred sixty two

producing two Sun two hundred sixty two

producing two Sun two hundred sixty two percent more food than they were

percent more food than they were

percent more food than they were producing in the 1950s and what if I

producing in the 1950s and what if I

producing in the 1950s and what if I were to tell you that these sames farms

were to tell you that these sames farms

were to tell you that these sames farms are expected to produce 60 percent more

are expected to produce 60 percent more

are expected to produce 60 percent more to meet the further increasing global

to meet the further increasing global

to meet the further increasing global demand how does that make you feel it

demand how does that make you feel it

demand how does that make you feel it makes me feel scared I mean just by

makes me feel scared I mean just by

makes me feel scared I mean just by traveling and you can see how deeply we

traveling and you can see how deeply we

traveling and you can see how deeply we have ravaged our earth I can’t imagine

have ravaged our earth I can’t imagine

have ravaged our earth I can’t imagine how much more we can devastation we can

how much more we can devastation we can

how much more we can devastation we can bring upon us when faced with food

bring upon us when faced with food

bring upon us when faced with food scarcely so on a planet that is more

scarcely so on a planet that is more

scarcely so on a planet that is more than 71% water why not turn to the

than 71% water why not turn to the

than 71% water why not turn to the oceans because water is salty because

oceans because water is salty because

oceans because water is salty because plants can’t live in it well it does

plants can’t live in it well it does

plants can’t live in it well it does make sense honestly but follow me here

make sense honestly but follow me here

make sense honestly but follow me here in this in this exercise I myself am a

in this in this exercise I myself am a

in this in this exercise I myself am a surfer not a very good one evidently but

surfer not a very good one evidently but

surfer not a very good one evidently but have a deep connection my family is

have a deep connection my family is

have a deep connection my family is always have a deep connection with the

always have a deep connection with the

always have a deep connection with the ocean it’s a passion that has been

ocean it’s a passion that has been

ocean it’s a passion that has been passed on to me from my dad

passed on to me from my dad

passed on to me from my dad I have scuba dive since I was 9 years

I have scuba dive since I was 9 years

I have scuba dive since I was 9 years old

old

old so it is only natural that my dad a

so it is only natural that my dad a

so it is only natural that my dad a chemical engineer with a passion in

chemical engineer with a passion in

chemical engineer with a passion in growing

growing

growing and undoubtably a few loose screws would

and undoubtably a few loose screws would

and undoubtably a few loose screws would want it to try an experiment growing

want it to try an experiment growing

want it to try an experiment growing plants in the water why would we do that

plants in the water why would we do that

plants in the water why would we do that first we need to understand what the

first we need to understand what the

first we need to understand what the plants need and it’s basically four

plants need and it’s basically four

plants need and it’s basically four factors

factors

factors plants need temperature stability it’s

plants need temperature stability it’s

plants need temperature stability it’s not surprising that agriculture was born

not surprising that agriculture was born

not surprising that agriculture was born in those areas of the world where

in those areas of the world where

in those areas of the world where temperature excursions between day and

temperature excursions between day and

temperature excursions between day and night and during the season is not at

night and during the season is not at

night and during the season is not at that extreme so plants don’t like low

that extreme so plants don’t like low

that extreme so plants don’t like low temperatures that don’t like to high

temperatures that don’t like to high

temperatures that don’t like to high temperatures plants all also need water

temperatures plants all also need water

temperatures plants all also need water and that is not a groundbreaking

and that is not a groundbreaking

and that is not a groundbreaking discovery we know that plants need

discovery we know that plants need

discovery we know that plants need sunlight to perform the transformation

sunlight to perform the transformation

sunlight to perform the transformation of co2 into o2 and vice versa in what is

of co2 into o2 and vice versa in what is

of co2 into o2 and vice versa in what is commonly known as the night and day

commonly known as the night and day

commonly known as the night and day cycle and last but certainly not least

cycle and last but certainly not least

cycle and last but certainly not least plants need safety they need to be

plants need safety they need to be

plants need safety they need to be protected from parasites critters and

protected from parasites critters and

protected from parasites critters and awesome animals and also harsh weather

awesome animals and also harsh weather

awesome animals and also harsh weather conditions now these four elements

conditions now these four elements

conditions now these four elements though simple and straightforward are

though simple and straightforward are

though simple and straightforward are not that easy to find in the world and

not that easy to find in the world and

not that easy to find in the world and especially they’re not easy to be

especially they’re not easy to be

especially they’re not easy to be scalable upon reliable upon in fact

scalable upon reliable upon in fact

scalable upon reliable upon in fact human beings have so deeply shaped the

human beings have so deeply shaped the

human beings have so deeply shaped the landscape of our planets to face the

landscape of our planets to face the

landscape of our planets to face the needing increasing yield and stability

needing increasing yield and stability

needing increasing yield and stability of our food so we think that these four

of our food so we think that these four

of our food so we think that these four simple elements can be found actually

simple elements can be found actually

simple elements can be found actually under water and how is that possible

under water and how is that possible

under water and how is that possible well we said that plants need water

well we said that plants need water

well we said that plants need water water comes from evaporation evaporation

water comes from evaporation evaporation

water comes from evaporation evaporation happens all the time it’s not only when

happens all the time it’s not only when

happens all the time it’s not only when we boil water the surface of the ocean

we boil water the surface of the ocean

we boil water the surface of the ocean is made of molecules of water that

is made of molecules of water that

is made of molecules of water that slowly but surely move into the above

slowly but surely move into the above

slowly but surely move into the above air volume and by doing that they lose

air volume and by doing that they lose

air volume and by doing that they lose their content in salt and minerals

their content in salt and minerals

their content in salt and minerals so if we have a surface of water even if

so if we have a surface of water even if

so if we have a surface of water even if it’s under the sea level we will have

it’s under the sea level we will have

it’s under the sea level we will have evaporation we will have fresh water for

evaporation we will have fresh water for

evaporation we will have fresh water for the plans we need pen temperature

the plans we need pen temperature

the plans we need pen temperature stability we said before well water has

stability we said before well water has

stability we said before well water has much higher heat capacity than air

much higher heat capacity than air

much higher heat capacity than air in fact air warms up and cools down so

in fact air warms up and cools down so

in fact air warms up and cools down so much faster than water temperate cities

much faster than water temperate cities

much faster than water temperate cities are usually close to big bodies of water

are usually close to big bodies of water

are usually close to big bodies of water and third we need safety well there is

and third we need safety well there is

and third we need safety well there is no natural foe that can reach the plants

no natural foe that can reach the plants

no natural foe that can reach the plants under water simply not there so based on

under water simply not there so based on

under water simply not there so based on these three simple intuitions we

these three simple intuitions we

these three simple intuitions we embarked on a journey that of course

embarked on a journey that of course

embarked on a journey that of course started with some spectacular failures

started with some spectacular failures

started with some spectacular failures but through perseverance stubbornness we

but through perseverance stubbornness we

but through perseverance stubbornness we successfully grew plants under water and

successfully grew plants under water and

successfully grew plants under water and how did we do that how did we harness

how did we do that how did we harness

how did we do that how did we harness these elements that are under water

these elements that are under water

these elements that are under water well we engineered these transparent

well we engineered these transparent

well we engineered these transparent domes filled with air and anchored to

domes filled with air and anchored to

domes filled with air and anchored to the seafloor and we call them biospheres

the seafloor and we call them biospheres

the seafloor and we call them biospheres inside these biospheres we designed a

inside these biospheres we designed a

inside these biospheres we designed a system of hydroponic culture I don’t

system of hydroponic culture I don’t

system of hydroponic culture I don’t know if you’re familiar with it but

know if you’re familiar with it but

know if you’re familiar with it but hydroponics main focus is to get rid of

hydroponics main focus is to get rid of

hydroponics main focus is to get rid of the soil which makes sense we learned

the soil which makes sense we learned

the soil which makes sense we learned before that soil is actually a very

before that soil is actually a very

before that soil is actually a very scarce resource in the world inside

scarce resource in the world inside

scarce resource in the world inside these bio field biospheres we also have

these bio field biospheres we also have

these bio field biospheres we also have a tech box this stack box has Wi-Fi

a tech box this stack box has Wi-Fi

a tech box this stack box has Wi-Fi connection and a bunch of sensors that

connection and a bunch of sensors that

connection and a bunch of sensors that we can use to remotely check the

we can use to remotely check the

we can use to remotely check the conditions in the biosphere

conditions in the biosphere

conditions in the biosphere it also equipped with remotely activated

it also equipped with remotely activated

it also equipped with remotely activated pumps lights and fans in case we need to

pumps lights and fans in case we need to

pumps lights and fans in case we need to interact with the environment just like

interact with the environment just like

interact with the environment just like a normal greenhouse the initial start to

a normal greenhouse the initial start to

a normal greenhouse the initial start to the biosphere is given by just a normal

the biosphere is given by just a normal

the biosphere is given by just a normal scuba tank that is opened underneath

scuba tank that is opened underneath

scuba tank that is opened underneath this biosphere so we open it air comes

this biosphere so we open it air comes

this biosphere so we open it air comes out water that is in is driven out

out water that is in is driven out

out water that is in is driven out that’s how we create an air volume

that’s how we create an air volume

that’s how we create an air volume inside the biospheres underwater fairly

inside the biospheres underwater fairly

inside the biospheres underwater fairly simple the atmosphere inside these

simple the atmosphere inside these

simple the atmosphere inside these biospheres is not different from what

biospheres is not different from what

biospheres is not different from what you’re reading now the only difference

you’re reading now the only difference

you’re reading now the only difference is the pressure is increased given to

is the pressure is increased given to

is the pressure is increased given to the depths that we decided to install

the depths that we decided to install

the depths that we decided to install our biosphere so putting the things back

our biosphere so putting the things back

our biosphere so putting the things back together we don’t need soil because

together we don’t need soil because

together we don’t need soil because we’re I do panic temperature is given by

we’re I do panic temperature is given by

we’re I do panic temperature is given by the surrounding body of water protection

the surrounding body of water protection

the surrounding body of water protection is given by the fact that we’re

is given by the fact that we’re

is given by the fact that we’re underwater and we have natural

underwater and we have natural

underwater and we have natural evaporation which provides us of the

evaporation which provides us of the

evaporation which provides us of the fresh water that we need to make its

fresh water that we need to make its

fresh water that we need to make its circle into the hydroponic system and

circle into the hydroponic system and

circle into the hydroponic system and how do we power all of this we started

how do we power all of this we started

how do we power all of this we started years ago with landline electricity but

years ago with landline electricity but

years ago with landline electricity but for a sustainable for a sustainable

for a sustainable for a sustainable

for a sustainable for a sustainable project it doesn’t really make sense so

project it doesn’t really make sense so

project it doesn’t really make sense so we installed a windmill and solar panels

we installed a windmill and solar panels

we installed a windmill and solar panels and I’m very proud to say now that

and I’m very proud to say now that

and I’m very proud to say now that almost all the energy that we use in the

almost all the energy that we use in the

almost all the energy that we use in the most garden is green what is the purpose

most garden is green what is the purpose

most garden is green what is the purpose of this project Nemo’s garden there are

of this project Nemo’s garden there are

of this project Nemo’s garden there are multiple we’ve been discovering more and

multiple we’ve been discovering more and

multiple we’ve been discovering more and more along the way but there’s one which

more along the way but there’s one which

more along the way but there’s one which is the highest purpose of the mall I

is the highest purpose of the mall I

is the highest purpose of the mall I believe and is the reason why I’m here

believe and is the reason why I’m here

believe and is the reason why I’m here talking to you today we believe that we

talking to you today we believe that we

talking to you today we believe that we can give an option to us to every one of

can give an option to us to every one of

can give an option to us to every one of us to feed those extra guests without

us to feed those extra guests without

us to feed those extra guests without having to move to Mars we deeply and

having to move to Mars we deeply and

having to move to Mars we deeply and firmly believe that in a planet that is

firmly believe that in a planet that is

firmly believe that in a planet that is 71% oceans it is only natural that the

71% oceans it is only natural that the

71% oceans it is only natural that the future of sustainability will be in the

future of sustainability will be in the

future of sustainability will be in the oceans we should work with what we have

oceans we should work with what we have

oceans we should work with what we have here be imaginative creative I see I

here be imaginative creative I see I

here be imaginative creative I see I imagine I see thousands of these pods

imagine I see thousands of these pods

imagine I see thousands of these pods these biospheres that contribute to

these biospheres that contribute to

these biospheres that contribute to create food in those countries that lack

create food in those countries that lack

create food in those countries that lack arable land that have extreme

arable land that have extreme

arable land that have extreme temperatures that don’t have the

temperatures that don’t have the

temperatures that don’t have the infrastructure that don’t have fresh

infrastructure that don’t have fresh

infrastructure that don’t have fresh water I see these biospheres connect

water I see these biospheres connect

water I see these biospheres connect two other exciting projects such as

two other exciting projects such as

two other exciting projects such as artificial reefs and coral restoration

artificial reefs and coral restoration

artificial reefs and coral restoration and biofuel algae farms clam farm mussel

and biofuel algae farms clam farm mussel

and biofuel algae farms clam farm mussel farms I see Nemo’s garden being

farms I see Nemo’s garden being

farms I see Nemo’s garden being connected to agriculture

connected to agriculture

connected to agriculture I’m sorry aqua cultures where the

I’m sorry aqua cultures where the

I’m sorry aqua cultures where the biological waste of fish farms is used

biological waste of fish farms is used

biological waste of fish farms is used as a nutrient for the plants and plants

as a nutrient for the plants and plants

as a nutrient for the plants and plants in the biosphere are used as a nutrient

in the biosphere are used as a nutrient

in the biosphere are used as a nutrient for the fish just imagine how many

for the fish just imagine how many

for the fish just imagine how many places in the world that could benefit

places in the world that could benefit

places in the world that could benefit from Nemo’s garden from Baja skiers

from Nemo’s garden from Baja skiers

from Nemo’s garden from Baja skiers everywhere we could put them in lakes we

everywhere we could put them in lakes we

everywhere we could put them in lakes we could put them in lagoons along the

could put them in lagoons along the

could put them in lagoons along the shorelines without having to burn down

shorelines without having to burn down

shorelines without having to burn down forests to create arable land without

forests to create arable land without

forests to create arable land without having to use precious fresh water for

having to use precious fresh water for

having to use precious fresh water for irrigation without having to destroy the

irrigation without having to destroy the

irrigation without having to destroy the land to create the irrigation ways and

land to create the irrigation ways and

land to create the irrigation ways and without having to pollute by using

without having to pollute by using

without having to pollute by using pesticide to guarantee a safe yield so I

think that we have to go back to where

think that we have to go back to where it all started doesn’t make sense to go

it all started doesn’t make sense to go

it all started doesn’t make sense to go back where life started life started in

back where life started life started in

back where life started life started in the first place in the oceans in the

the first place in the oceans in the

the first place in the oceans in the water and there is a statement that I

water and there is a statement that I

water and there is a statement that I have read on national Geographics that I

have read on national Geographics that I

have read on national Geographics that I think really pinpoints the moment we are

think really pinpoints the moment we are

think really pinpoints the moment we are faced this is a pivotal moment we are

faced this is a pivotal moment we are

faced this is a pivotal moment we are faced with unprecedented challenges in

faced with unprecedented challenges in

faced with unprecedented challenges in food scarcity and the protection of the

food scarcity and the protection of the

food scarcity and the protection of the global environment we know what we have

global environment we know what we have

global environment we know what we have to do but we need to figure out how to

to do but we need to figure out how to

to do but we need to figure out how to do it and I think that Nemo’s garden may

do it and I think that Nemo’s garden may

do it and I think that Nemo’s garden may be an answer to that thank you