[Music] [Applause]
we fundamentally are building cities
we fundamentally are building cities that make us sick this is such a stark
that make us sick this is such a stark
that make us sick this is such a stark image this is Beijing in 2008 when the
image this is Beijing in 2008 when the
image this is Beijing in 2008 when the government shut down power plants and
government shut down power plants and
government shut down power plants and factories and asked people to stop
factories and asked people to stop
factories and asked people to stop driving for 12 days and look at the
driving for 12 days and look at the
driving for 12 days and look at the impact visually on the environment
impact visually on the environment
impact visually on the environment that’s the effect of our choices and we
that’s the effect of our choices and we
that’s the effect of our choices and we now know in 2016 that greenhouse gases
now know in 2016 that greenhouse gases
now know in 2016 that greenhouse gases emitted by transportation is the number
emitted by transportation is the number
emitted by transportation is the number one cause of our pollution problem the
one cause of our pollution problem the
one cause of our pollution problem the other thing that motivates me and I
other thing that motivates me and I
other thing that motivates me and I think is a serious problem that people
think is a serious problem that people
think is a serious problem that people overlook is this number of deaths on our
overlook is this number of deaths on our
overlook is this number of deaths on our roadways worldwide every single year
roadways worldwide every single year
roadways worldwide every single year it’s a health crisis it’s an epidemic
it’s a health crisis it’s an epidemic
it’s a health crisis it’s an epidemic it’s a number one killer of young people
it’s a number one killer of young people
it’s a number one killer of young people worldwide and in the United States and
worldwide and in the United States and
worldwide and in the United States and it’s going up not down because we have
it’s going up not down because we have
it’s going up not down because we have cheap gas free highways and pretty
cheap gas free highways and pretty
cheap gas free highways and pretty inexpensive or free parking let’s take a
inexpensive or free parking let’s take a
inexpensive or free parking let’s take a step back and look at history let’s go
step back and look at history let’s go
step back and look at history let’s go way back 5,000 years
way back 5,000 years
way back 5,000 years Mauri Syria cities have been
Mauri Syria cities have been
Mauri Syria cities have been fundamentally the same since the
fundamentally the same since the
fundamentally the same since the beginning of time they’re built around
beginning of time they’re built around
beginning of time they’re built around transportation and trade and security
transportation and trade and security
transportation and trade and security and fundamentally everything is within
and fundamentally everything is within
and fundamentally everything is within five to 15 minutes walk or in this era
five to 15 minutes walk or in this era
five to 15 minutes walk or in this era horse ride what we know is that whether
horse ride what we know is that whether
horse ride what we know is that whether it’s Mauri syria or today the denser our
it’s Mauri syria or today the denser our
it’s Mauri syria or today the denser our infill development is the more people we
infill development is the more people we
infill development is the more people we have per square yard per square mile
have per square yard per square mile
have per square yard per square mile there’s a disproportionate increase in
there’s a disproportionate increase in
there’s a disproportionate increase in productivity we had two billion people
productivity we had two billion people
productivity we had two billion people on the planet in 1900 we’re at 7 billion
on the planet in 1900 we’re at 7 billion
on the planet in 1900 we’re at 7 billion today we’re on our way to 9 billion but
today we’re on our way to 9 billion but
today we’re on our way to 9 billion but we can’t keep consuming at the same rate
we can’t keep consuming at the same rate
we can’t keep consuming at the same rate now skip ahead let’s look at the turn of
now skip ahead let’s look at the turn of
now skip ahead let’s look at the turn of the last century this is what cities
the last century this is what cities
the last century this is what cities look like people ruled the streets in
look like people ruled the streets in
look like people ruled the streets in places like New York City or in Seattle
places like New York City or in Seattle
places like New York City or in Seattle on First Avenue
on First Avenue
on First Avenue people also ruled the streets and
people also ruled the streets and
people also ruled the streets and congestion was not viewed as a bad thing
congestion was not viewed as a bad thing
congestion was not viewed as a bad thing more congestion meant more business how
more congestion meant more business how
more congestion meant more business how many people think these stores are doing
many people think these stores are doing
many people think these stores are doing well or raise your hand you don’t need
well or raise your hand you don’t need
well or raise your hand you don’t need to be an economist or a sociologist to
to be an economist or a sociologist to
to be an economist or a sociologist to figure that out
figure that out
figure that out or right down the street in Washington
or right down the street in Washington
or right down the street in Washington DC look at our balanced transportation
DC look at our balanced transportation
DC look at our balanced transportation system with people walking biking taking
system with people walking biking taking
system with people walking biking taking high-capacity street cars the pedestrian
high-capacity street cars the pedestrian
high-capacity street cars the pedestrian who fundamentally ruled now skipping
who fundamentally ruled now skipping
who fundamentally ruled now skipping ahead to the 1950s the federal aid
ahead to the 1950s the federal aid
ahead to the 1950s the federal aid Highway Act or the National interstate
Highway Act or the National interstate
Highway Act or the National interstate and defense act as it came to be known
and defense act as it came to be known
and defense act as it came to be known post-war was supposed to be a jobs
post-war was supposed to be a jobs
post-war was supposed to be a jobs program it’s supposed to facilitate
program it’s supposed to facilitate
program it’s supposed to facilitate interstate commerce and it did but we
interstate commerce and it did but we
interstate commerce and it did but we very quickly took it too far this 25
very quickly took it too far this 25
very quickly took it too far this 25 billion dollar infrastructure project
billion dollar infrastructure project
billion dollar infrastructure project started to tear the heart and the soul
started to tear the heart and the soul
started to tear the heart and the soul out of our cities instead of linking our
out of our cities instead of linking our
out of our cities instead of linking our cities we drove highways right through
cities we drove highways right through
cities we drove highways right through our cities we segregated people within
our cities we segregated people within
our cities we segregated people within our cities and we changed the very
our cities and we changed the very
our cities and we changed the very fabric and this is the dawn of suburbia
fabric and this is the dawn of suburbia
fabric and this is the dawn of suburbia we push people out to the suburbs the
we push people out to the suburbs the
we push people out to the suburbs the government policies combined with the
government policies combined with the
government policies combined with the business models created a land-use
business models created a land-use
business models created a land-use problem as much as a transportation
problem as much as a transportation
problem as much as a transportation problem and fundamentally it also
problem and fundamentally it also
problem and fundamentally it also created a cultural problem where people
created a cultural problem where people
created a cultural problem where people became less tolerant and I would argue
became less tolerant and I would argue
became less tolerant and I would argue less creative as a result in industry
less creative as a result in industry
less creative as a result in industry sold us on this American dream this
sold us on this American dream this
sold us on this American dream this great future with all these machines and
great future with all these machines and
great future with all these machines and it looks beautiful except for the
it looks beautiful except for the
it looks beautiful except for the machines and this was the birth of the
machines and this was the birth of the
machines and this was the birth of the American car culture but what people
American car culture but what people
American car culture but what people don’t think about is we started spending
don’t think about is we started spending
don’t think about is we started spending our money differently a car was half of
our money differently a car was half of
our money differently a car was half of a year’s income and we started buy more
a year’s income and we started buy more
a year’s income and we started buy more cars than houses houses are an
cars than houses houses are an
cars than houses houses are an appreciating asset cars are a
appreciating asset cars are a
appreciating asset cars are a depreciating asset and with every
depreciating asset and with every
depreciating asset and with every vehicle that was sold there was a direct
vehicle that was sold there was a direct
vehicle that was sold there was a direct correlation to the fatalities that we
correlation to the fatalities that we
correlation to the fatalities that we saw on our roads
saw on our roads
saw on our roads and not everybody benefited equally by
and not everybody benefited equally by
and not everybody benefited equally by this flight to the suburbs
this flight to the suburbs
this flight to the suburbs Detroit is one of the starkest Sande
Detroit is one of the starkest Sande
Detroit is one of the starkest Sande greatest examples during the 1920s the
greatest examples during the 1920s the
greatest examples during the 1920s the black population swelled from 41,000 to
black population swelled from 41,000 to
black population swelled from 41,000 to 120,000 as people came from the south to
120,000 as people came from the south to
120,000 as people came from the south to work in the auto industry and black
work in the auto industry and black
work in the auto industry and black bottom was a historic predominantly
bottom was a historic predominantly
bottom was a historic predominantly Africa
Africa
Africa Amerika neighborhood and when we drove
Amerika neighborhood and when we drove
Amerika neighborhood and when we drove the highway through we killed 350 black
the highway through we killed 350 black
the highway through we killed 350 black owned businesses and we also destroyed
owned businesses and we also destroyed
owned businesses and we also destroyed the fabric of the community and so at
the fabric of the community and so at
the fabric of the community and so at the same time we were doing that driving
the same time we were doing that driving
the same time we were doing that driving the highways through our cities what
the highways through our cities what
the highways through our cities what else were we doing we’re shutting down
else were we doing we’re shutting down
else were we doing we’re shutting down all the streetcar systems which is the
all the streetcar systems which is the
all the streetcar systems which is the way that people got around Detroit and
way that people got around Detroit and
way that people got around Detroit and other cities and so we were abandoning
other cities and so we were abandoning
other cities and so we were abandoning people in their neighborhoods and you
people in their neighborhoods and you
people in their neighborhoods and you can look almost to the month of the year
can look almost to the month of the year
can look almost to the month of the year and you can see that we sent people a
and you can see that we sent people a
and you can see that we sent people a clear message get the hell out of the
clear message get the hell out of the
clear message get the hell out of the city and that’s what people did and
city and that’s what people did and
city and that’s what people did and white flight took place let’s look at
white flight took place let’s look at
white flight took place let’s look at parking because now we created an
parking because now we created an
parking because now we created an environment where you needed parking
environment where you needed parking
environment where you needed parking spaces so in 1870 the US Congress told
spaces so in 1870 the US Congress told
spaces so in 1870 the US Congress told Washington DC that you can take up to
Washington DC that you can take up to
Washington DC that you can take up to 50% of your space on your streets and
50% of your space on your streets and
50% of your space on your streets and devote it to park space not parking
devote it to park space not parking
devote it to park space not parking parking was park space back then now it
parking was park space back then now it
parking was park space back then now it means something else when people started
means something else when people started
means something else when people started to tie up their horses and then their
to tie up their horses and then their
to tie up their horses and then their cars between those trees and we don’t
cars between those trees and we don’t
cars between those trees and we don’t even know how many parking spaces we
even know how many parking spaces we
even know how many parking spaces we have now we’re talking about hundreds of
have now we’re talking about hundreds of
have now we’re talking about hundreds of millions the best estimate I’ve seen is
millions the best estimate I’ve seen is
millions the best estimate I’ve seen is 500 million spaces that’s two for every
500 million spaces that’s two for every
500 million spaces that’s two for every automobile and that’s as much space for
automobile and that’s as much space for
automobile and that’s as much space for cars as there is for people so what’s
cars as there is for people so what’s
cars as there is for people so what’s the effect of this let’s say you want to
the effect of this let’s say you want to
the effect of this let’s say you want to rent an inexpensive $800 a month unit
rent an inexpensive $800 a month unit
rent an inexpensive $800 a month unit well guess what because the developer
well guess what because the developer
well guess what because the developer had to build a parking space because the
had to build a parking space because the
had to build a parking space because the city required it underground guess what
city required it underground guess what
city required it underground guess what happens that becomes a $1,300 apartment
happens that becomes a $1,300 apartment
happens that becomes a $1,300 apartment even if you don’t have a car
even if you don’t have a car
even if you don’t have a car oh by the way when you are in the car
oh by the way when you are in the car
oh by the way when you are in the car then it’s another $900 a month so it’s a
then it’s another $900 a month so it’s a
then it’s another $900 a month so it’s a 62 and a half percent increase meanwhile
62 and a half percent increase meanwhile
62 and a half percent increase meanwhile we have more than 500,000 homeless
we have more than 500,000 homeless
we have more than 500,000 homeless people in the United States and by the
people in the United States and by the
people in the United States and by the way a quarter of these people are
way a quarter of these people are
way a quarter of these people are children like this young girl behind me
children like this young girl behind me
children like this young girl behind me so what’s happening now in cities what’s
so what’s happening now in cities what’s
so what’s happening now in cities what’s happening is that we are getting denser
happening is that we are getting denser
happening is that we are getting denser but particularly overseas we sort of
but particularly overseas we sort of
but particularly overseas we sort of leveled off in the United States this is
leveled off in the United States this is
leveled off in the United States this is Shanghai and in 26 years the time we
Shanghai and in 26 years the time we
Shanghai and in 26 years the time we would take
would take
would take to plan a metro system or maybe pass a
to plan a metro system or maybe pass a
to plan a metro system or maybe pass a bill for Zika virus here in the US they
bill for Zika virus here in the US they
bill for Zika virus here in the US they built a city with more than 24 million
built a city with more than 24 million
built a city with more than 24 million people over a thousand bus lines a
people over a thousand bus lines a
people over a thousand bus lines a maglev train that gets to the airport in
maglev train that gets to the airport in
maglev train that gets to the airport in eight minutes or you can drive but it’s
eight minutes or you can drive but it’s
eight minutes or you can drive but it’s gonna take you an hour and three hundred
gonna take you an hour and three hundred
gonna take you an hour and three hundred and twenty nine metro stations and when
and twenty nine metro stations and when
and twenty nine metro stations and when I was over there in June I was talking
I was over there in June I was talking
I was over there in June I was talking to the government officials I said with
to the government officials I said with
to the government officials I said with all this technology coming autonomous
all this technology coming autonomous
all this technology coming autonomous cars what are you planning they said
cars what are you planning they said
cars what are you planning they said another three hundred and twenty metro
another three hundred and twenty metro
another three hundred and twenty metro stations people won’t build a building
stations people won’t build a building
stations people won’t build a building there if you don’t build a metro station
there if you don’t build a metro station
there if you don’t build a metro station for them so there’s increasing
for them so there’s increasing
for them so there’s increasing understanding that perhaps the transit
understanding that perhaps the transit
understanding that perhaps the transit that we build is not just about moving
that we build is not just about moving
that we build is not just about moving people that’s part of it but it’s really
people that’s part of it but it’s really
people that’s part of it but it’s really about creating the way of life that
about creating the way of life that
about creating the way of life that people want the doctor’s office and the
people want the doctor’s office and the
people want the doctor’s office and the stores and the bars and the restaurants
stores and the bars and the restaurants
stores and the bars and the restaurants and the schools around those nodes and
and the schools around those nodes and
and the schools around those nodes and the density and so we’re really moving
the density and so we’re really moving
the density and so we’re really moving from a post-war hyper-consumption mode
from a post-war hyper-consumption mode
from a post-war hyper-consumption mode if you will to a 21st century
if you will to a 21st century
if you will to a 21st century collaborative consumption mode and I was
collaborative consumption mode and I was
collaborative consumption mode and I was lucky enough to work with Robin Chase at
lucky enough to work with Robin Chase at
lucky enough to work with Robin Chase at Zipcar in the early days and it was the
Zipcar in the early days and it was the
Zipcar in the early days and it was the public-private partnerships that we
public-private partnerships that we
public-private partnerships that we built that facilitated the spreading of
built that facilitated the spreading of
built that facilitated the spreading of services like this but it’s not just
services like this but it’s not just
services like this but it’s not just about services and you know Airbnb and
about services and you know Airbnb and
about services and you know Airbnb and uber and lyft it’s also about the space
uber and lyft it’s also about the space
uber and lyft it’s also about the space that we have on the streets
that we have on the streets
that we have on the streets this is Pennsylvania Avenue again we
this is Pennsylvania Avenue again we
this is Pennsylvania Avenue again we used to have a very robust streetcar
used to have a very robust streetcar
used to have a very robust streetcar system this was a transit people
system this was a transit people
system this was a transit people oriented Street then it became a car
oriented Street then it became a car
oriented Street then it became a car oriented street where the Secret Service
oriented street where the Secret Service
oriented street where the Secret Service basically parked and we created a more
basically parked and we created a more
basically parked and we created a more balanced 8 to 80 complete Street for an
balanced 8 to 80 complete Street for an
balanced 8 to 80 complete Street for an eight-year-old or an 80 year old and
eight-year-old or an 80 year old and
eight-year-old or an 80 year old and then we did supply the services to go
then we did supply the services to go
then we did supply the services to go with it in DC and Chicago bike-share low
with it in DC and Chicago bike-share low
with it in DC and Chicago bike-share low cost frictionless leverages GPS
cost frictionless leverages GPS
cost frictionless leverages GPS technology solar modular design and we
technology solar modular design and we
technology solar modular design and we make it very easy no capital investment
make it very easy no capital investment
make it very easy no capital investment less than 30 cents a day you can ride a
less than 30 cents a day you can ride a
less than 30 cents a day you can ride a bike as much as you want and now people
bike as much as you want and now people
bike as much as you want and now people in cities are realizing wait a second do
in cities are realizing wait a second do
in cities are realizing wait a second do I really need to go to the gym
I really need to go to the gym
I really need to go to the gym is that really necessary or could I just
is that really necessary or could I just
is that really necessary or could I just walk or bike to work now of course it
walk or bike to work now of course it
walk or bike to work now of course it depends on your land use right because
depends on your land use right because
depends on your land use right because we have built these places that are
we have built these places that are
we have built these places that are making us sick and these places that are
making us sick and these places that are
making us sick and these places that are making us sick we don’t want to get out
making us sick we don’t want to get out
making us sick we don’t want to get out of our car and so we drive there we go
of our car and so we drive there we go
of our car and so we drive there we go up the escalator down the escalator we
up the escalator down the escalator we
up the escalator down the escalator we run on the treadmill we come out and we
run on the treadmill we come out and we
run on the treadmill we come out and we go home and then we wonder like when we
go home and then we wonder like when we
go home and then we wonder like when we used to walk and bike everywhere and now
used to walk and bike everywhere and now
used to walk and bike everywhere and now we drive everywhere we wonder why a 15
we drive everywhere we wonder why a 15
we drive everywhere we wonder why a 15 year old is now 15 pounds heavier than
year old is now 15 pounds heavier than
year old is now 15 pounds heavier than they were back then we wonder why the
they were back then we wonder why the
they were back then we wonder why the average adult is 24 pounds heavier than
average adult is 24 pounds heavier than
average adult is 24 pounds heavier than they were in 1960 and looking at the
they were in 1960 and looking at the
they were in 1960 and looking at the fully loaded societal cost and benefit
fully loaded societal cost and benefit
fully loaded societal cost and benefit of the choices that we make we now know
of the choices that we make we now know
of the choices that we make we now know that walking and biking infrastructure
that walking and biking infrastructure
that walking and biking infrastructure is essentially free it throws off
is essentially free it throws off
is essentially free it throws off positive dividends to society because
positive dividends to society because
positive dividends to society because the health and the sustainability
the health and the sustainability
the health and the sustainability affects but we keep building roads for
affects but we keep building roads for
affects but we keep building roads for cars
cars
cars even though cars the most subsidized
even though cars the most subsidized
even though cars the most subsidized form of transportation so in Chicago we
form of transportation so in Chicago we
form of transportation so in Chicago we said we’re gonna call it publicly that
said we’re gonna call it publicly that
said we’re gonna call it publicly that the pedestrian is our focus that’s our
the pedestrian is our focus that’s our
the pedestrian is our focus that’s our priority
priority
priority it’s the indicator species of a healthy
it’s the indicator species of a healthy
it’s the indicator species of a healthy city a sustainable city and economically
city a sustainable city and economically
city a sustainable city and economically viable city and in New York they’ve
viable city and in New York they’ve
viable city and in New York they’ve studied this and they found that guess
studied this and they found that guess
studied this and they found that guess what when you create a place that people
what when you create a place that people
what when you create a place that people want to be what do they do they go there
want to be what do they do they go there
want to be what do they do they go there and when they go there they spend money
and when they go there they spend money
and when they go there they spend money so this is a pro-business
so this is a pro-business
so this is a pro-business strategy so my argument is perhaps we
strategy so my argument is perhaps we
strategy so my argument is perhaps we should be looking at the difference
should be looking at the difference
should be looking at the difference between spending and investing in our
between spending and investing in our
between spending and investing in our future we’ve done a lot of stimulus road
future we’ve done a lot of stimulus road
future we’ve done a lot of stimulus road projects but they aren’t paying
projects but they aren’t paying
projects but they aren’t paying dividends they’re paying anti dividends
dividends they’re paying anti dividends
dividends they’re paying anti dividends with negative ROI and if we think we
with negative ROI and if we think we
with negative ROI and if we think we need more capacity guess what it’s
need more capacity guess what it’s
need more capacity guess what it’s counterintuitive we need less capacity
counterintuitive we need less capacity
counterintuitive we need less capacity if you want people to drive less take
if you want people to drive less take
if you want people to drive less take the road away take the lanes away and
the road away take the lanes away and
the road away take the lanes away and guess what happens they do something
guess what happens they do something
guess what happens they do something else they ride their bike they take the
else they ride their bike they take the
else they ride their bike they take the train it’s called induced demand and
train it’s called induced demand and
train it’s called induced demand and when we are building infrastructure
when we are building infrastructure
when we are building infrastructure that’s Pro people as I learn building
that’s Pro people as I learn building
that’s Pro people as I learn building the Chicago River Walk guess what the
the Chicago River Walk guess what the
the Chicago River Walk guess what the private sector will foot the bill
private sector will foot the bill
private sector will foot the bill particularly if they’re going to benefit
particularly if they’re going to benefit
particularly if they’re going to benefit they can have long-term leases they can
they can have long-term leases they can
they can have long-term leases they can have more customers they’ve learned the
have more customers they’ve learned the
have more customers they’ve learned the same thing in
same thing in
same thing in Alice where they decked over the freeway
Alice where they decked over the freeway
Alice where they decked over the freeway and now it’s the hottest neighborhood in
and now it’s the hottest neighborhood in
and now it’s the hottest neighborhood in the city with the highest real estate
the city with the highest real estate
the city with the highest real estate values or Seoul Korea where they went
values or Seoul Korea where they went
values or Seoul Korea where they went from this ugly double-decker freeway to
from this ugly double-decker freeway to
from this ugly double-decker freeway to a beautiful biophilic River and now
a beautiful biophilic River and now
a beautiful biophilic River and now everybody wants to live there imagine
everybody wants to live there imagine
everybody wants to live there imagine that or in Barcelona where they planned
that or in Barcelona where they planned
that or in Barcelona where they planned now to get rid of two-thirds of the
now to get rid of two-thirds of the
now to get rid of two-thirds of the traffic in their city first phase 1
traffic in their city first phase 1
traffic in their city first phase 1 they’re just going to get rid of it in
they’re just going to get rid of it in
they’re just going to get rid of it in terms of cut through and then phase 2
terms of cut through and then phase 2
terms of cut through and then phase 2 they’re getting rid of it all together
they’re getting rid of it all together
they’re getting rid of it all together and so we have two types of streets
and so we have two types of streets
and so we have two types of streets basically we have our local streets okay
basically we have our local streets okay
basically we have our local streets okay and this is the street that you might
and this is the street that you might
and this is the street that you might live on and the pedestrians should be
live on and the pedestrians should be
live on and the pedestrians should be the priority period and the cars should
the priority period and the cars should
the priority period and the cars should always be the guest and then we have our
always be the guest and then we have our
always be the guest and then we have our bigger arterial streets where we need to
bigger arterial streets where we need to
bigger arterial streets where we need to segregate traffic is we’re gonna have
segregate traffic is we’re gonna have
segregate traffic is we’re gonna have buses we’re gonna have trucks and people
buses we’re gonna have trucks and people
buses we’re gonna have trucks and people are only gonna feel safe walking and
are only gonna feel safe walking and
are only gonna feel safe walking and biking and taking transit if they have
biking and taking transit if they have
biking and taking transit if they have their own space now they’ve been doing
their own space now they’ve been doing
their own space now they’ve been doing this for decades in northern Europe if
this for decades in northern Europe if
this for decades in northern Europe if you’ve been to Amsterdam or anywhere in
you’ve been to Amsterdam or anywhere in
you’ve been to Amsterdam or anywhere in the Netherlands or Denmark the car is
the Netherlands or Denmark the car is
the Netherlands or Denmark the car is the guest in most places but for us we
the guest in most places but for us we
the guest in most places but for us we have a very hard time in the u.s.
have a very hard time in the u.s.
have a very hard time in the u.s. getting our heads around the concept of
getting our heads around the concept of
getting our heads around the concept of designing around people and so I’m
designing around people and so I’m
designing around people and so I’m excited about technology which might
excited about technology which might
excited about technology which might seem also counterintuitive but I think
seem also counterintuitive but I think
seem also counterintuitive but I think that the only way we’re going to make
that the only way we’re going to make
that the only way we’re going to make this cultural shift in the u.s. back to
this cultural shift in the u.s. back to
this cultural shift in the u.s. back to designing around people is through
designing around people is through
designing around people is through technology because it will give us the
technology because it will give us the
technology because it will give us the cover if you will that it’ll be the
cover if you will that it’ll be the
cover if you will that it’ll be the catalyst to make the change and this
catalyst to make the change and this
catalyst to make the change and this technology is coming fast and furious
technology is coming fast and furious
technology is coming fast and furious it’s happening right now and the beauty
it’s happening right now and the beauty
it’s happening right now and the beauty of the autonomous vehicle by the way is
of the autonomous vehicle by the way is
of the autonomous vehicle by the way is we can cut ownership rates in half in
we can cut ownership rates in half in
we can cut ownership rates in half in places that are not dense places like DC
places that are not dense places like DC
places that are not dense places like DC 88% of people moving here aren’t
88% of people moving here aren’t
88% of people moving here aren’t bringing a car or buying a car now
bringing a car or buying a car now
bringing a car or buying a car now without autonomous technology so you can
without autonomous technology so you can
without autonomous technology so you can imagine it’ll go to almost a hundred
imagine it’ll go to almost a hundred
imagine it’ll go to almost a hundred percent we can also cut those traffic
percent we can also cut those traffic
percent we can also cut those traffic fatalities that 1.24 million worldwide
fatalities that 1.24 million worldwide
fatalities that 1.24 million worldwide the 35,000 number in the u.s. imagine
the 35,000 number in the u.s. imagine
the 35,000 number in the u.s. imagine cutting it within 10 years by 90% and as
cutting it within 10 years by 90% and as
cutting it within 10 years by 90% and as important we can reconfigure our cities
important we can reconfigure our cities
important we can reconfigure our cities on the street and off the street Perkins
on the street and off the street Perkins
on the street and off the street Perkins and will did this mock-up of what 40th
and will did this mock-up of what 40th
and will did this mock-up of what 40th Avenue in San Francisco could look like
Avenue in San Francisco could look like
Avenue in San Francisco could look like in the future there’s only one
in the future there’s only one
in the future there’s only one broken-down Chevette left on this street
broken-down Chevette left on this street
broken-down Chevette left on this street I was in Indianapolis recently and I was
I was in Indianapolis recently and I was
I was in Indianapolis recently and I was so proud to see that they had taken a
so proud to see that they had taken a
so proud to see that they had taken a lane of traffic and they had built
lane of traffic and they had built
lane of traffic and they had built micro-units 300 square foot micro-units
micro-units 300 square foot micro-units
micro-units 300 square foot micro-units and they’d bolted on to what a parking
and they’d bolted on to what a parking
and they’d bolted on to what a parking garage
garage
garage so in this autonomous future we can get
so in this autonomous future we can get
so in this autonomous future we can get rid of the parking garages because these
rid of the parking garages because these
rid of the parking garages because these vehicles are going to be electric
vehicles are going to be electric
vehicles are going to be electric they’re going to be shared not owned and
they’re going to be shared not owned and
they’re going to be shared not owned and they’re going to be self driven so we
they’re going to be self driven so we
they’re going to be self driven so we can start using the right tool for the
can start using the right tool for the
can start using the right tool for the right problem we don’t have to use a car
right problem we don’t have to use a car
right problem we don’t have to use a car for everything
for everything
for everything 60% of trips less than a mile in the
60% of trips less than a mile in the
60% of trips less than a mile in the United States are car driven trips
United States are car driven trips
United States are car driven trips that’s a 10 minute walk now when you
that’s a 10 minute walk now when you
that’s a 10 minute walk now when you look at what’s happening in Northern
look at what’s happening in Northern
look at what’s happening in Northern Europe they’re moving to ban cars from
Europe they’re moving to ban cars from
Europe they’re moving to ban cars from their city centers by 2050 in the EU
their city centers by 2050 in the EU
their city centers by 2050 in the EU places like Oslo and 2019 cars will be
places like Oslo and 2019 cars will be
places like Oslo and 2019 cars will be gone in the central core so look we’re
gone in the central core so look we’re
gone in the central core so look we’re facing a lot of change a lot of change
facing a lot of change a lot of change
facing a lot of change a lot of change and I love this kubler-ross model
and I love this kubler-ross model
and I love this kubler-ross model because it’s basically about death but
because it’s basically about death but
because it’s basically about death but then it’s about rebirth and the
then it’s about rebirth and the
then it’s about rebirth and the excitement that you get through the
excitement that you get through the
excitement that you get through the rebirth and then once you experiment
rebirth and then once you experiment
rebirth and then once you experiment then you can mainstream concepts and
then you can mainstream concepts and
then you can mainstream concepts and that’s what we’re going to be doing but
that’s what we’re going to be doing but
that’s what we’re going to be doing but I worry that we’re not ready I’m not
I worry that we’re not ready I’m not
I worry that we’re not ready I’m not sure that we’re ready for this change
sure that we’re ready for this change
sure that we’re ready for this change particularly in cities and in government
particularly in cities and in government
particularly in cities and in government there’s a lot of other change we’re
there’s a lot of other change we’re
there’s a lot of other change we’re gonna be 3d printing iPhones down the
gonna be 3d printing iPhones down the
gonna be 3d printing iPhones down the street and they’re already 3d printing
street and they’re already 3d printing
street and they’re already 3d printing buildings in Denmark and in places like
buildings in Denmark and in places like
buildings in Denmark and in places like Dubai there are new business models that
Dubai there are new business models that
Dubai there are new business models that are super exciting with very small
are super exciting with very small
are super exciting with very small format housing where you can buy it once
format housing where you can buy it once
format housing where you can buy it once and take it with you across the country
and take it with you across the country
and take it with you across the country and they’ll plug it into different units
and they’ll plug it into different units
and they’ll plug it into different units and slot it in just like a server into a
and slot it in just like a server into a
and slot it in just like a server into a rack and then the biggest change is the
rack and then the biggest change is the
rack and then the biggest change is the coming era of unlimited and free energy
coming era of unlimited and free energy
coming era of unlimited and free energy which most experts agree is going to
which most experts agree is going to
which most experts agree is going to happen that’s gonna upend our entire
happen that’s gonna upend our entire
happen that’s gonna upend our entire economy and might actually save our
economy and might actually save our
economy and might actually save our lives now big picture I know what some
lives now big picture I know what some
lives now big picture I know what some of you were thinking
of you were thinking
of you were thinking what does anybody gonna do for work so
what does anybody gonna do for work so
what does anybody gonna do for work so the economists did a study on this with
the economists did a study on this with
the economists did a study on this with McKinsey and the big thing that came out
McKinsey and the big thing that came out
McKinsey and the big thing that came out of it was first of all that stem may be
of it was first of all that stem may be
of it was first of all that stem may be overrated because we might need
overrated because we might need
overrated because we might need creativity more than stem when all the
creativity more than stem when all the
creativity more than stem when all the STEM jobs are automated that’s a little
STEM jobs are automated that’s a little
STEM jobs are automated that’s a little scary but the other thing is they said
scary but the other thing is they said
scary but the other thing is they said in 15 years
in 15 years
in 15 years jobs will dissolve the way we work will
jobs will dissolve the way we work will
jobs will dissolve the way we work will be dissolved now I don’t necessarily
be dissolved now I don’t necessarily
be dissolved now I don’t necessarily think that’s going to happen or not
think that’s going to happen or not
think that’s going to happen or not going to happen but I think when it
going to happen but I think when it
going to happen but I think when it comes to what we’re talking about today
comes to what we’re talking about today
comes to what we’re talking about today about cities and how they work and how
about cities and how they work and how
about cities and how they work and how they operate it’s an important thing to
they operate it’s an important thing to
they operate it’s an important thing to think about what if we’re not working
think about what if we’re not working
think about what if we’re not working anymore or working 80 to 90 percent less
anymore or working 80 to 90 percent less
anymore or working 80 to 90 percent less that means we’re gonna be spending a lot
that means we’re gonna be spending a lot
that means we’re gonna be spending a lot more time at home in our neighborhood
more time at home in our neighborhood
more time at home in our neighborhood growing food in our neighborhood hanging
growing food in our neighborhood hanging
growing food in our neighborhood hanging out in our neighborhood with our
out in our neighborhood with our
out in our neighborhood with our children and what kind of city are we
children and what kind of city are we
children and what kind of city are we gonna want to live in and what kind of
gonna want to live in and what kind of
gonna want to live in and what kind of society are we gonna want to be so
society are we gonna want to be so
society are we gonna want to be so thinking back to the parking thing again
thinking back to the parking thing again
thinking back to the parking thing again why are we building these spaces that we
why are we building these spaces that we
why are we building these spaces that we don’t need there’s a hidden cost of
don’t need there’s a hidden cost of
don’t need there’s a hidden cost of parking and if you look at one parking
parking and if you look at one parking
parking and if you look at one parking space it’s about the same size as a
space it’s about the same size as a
space it’s about the same size as a micro unit that can actually house two
micro unit that can actually house two
micro unit that can actually house two people so what are we doing particularly
people so what are we doing particularly
people so what are we doing particularly when the return on investment is about
when the return on investment is about
when the return on investment is about six times on the micro unit and we could
six times on the micro unit and we could
six times on the micro unit and we could give somebody a place to live for less
give somebody a place to live for less
give somebody a place to live for less than $400 a month
than $400 a month
than $400 a month that’s less than most subsidized rental
that’s less than most subsidized rental
that’s less than most subsidized rental housing yes so why are we doing that we
housing yes so why are we doing that we
housing yes so why are we doing that we can take point oh five percent of our
can take point oh five percent of our
can take point oh five percent of our current parking and put all those
current parking and put all those
current parking and put all those homeless people in a house and I think
homeless people in a house and I think
homeless people in a house and I think the autonomous vehicles and some of the
the autonomous vehicles and some of the
the autonomous vehicles and some of the other technologies are gonna help us get
other technologies are gonna help us get
other technologies are gonna help us get there but we have to admit that we’ve
there but we have to admit that we’ve
there but we have to admit that we’ve totally screwed this one up for the last
totally screwed this one up for the last
totally screwed this one up for the last 75 years we’ve done things that are bad
75 years we’ve done things that are bad
75 years we’ve done things that are bad for people bad for our planet and
for people bad for our planet and
for people bad for our planet and definitely bad for business particularly
definitely bad for business particularly
definitely bad for business particularly if you’re not focused on quarter to
if you’re not focused on quarter to
if you’re not focused on quarter to quarter profits which I’m not and so the
quarter profits which I’m not and so the
quarter profits which I’m not and so the technology is a key part of the puzzle
technology is a key part of the puzzle
technology is a key part of the puzzle but we can’t get too wrapped up in the
but we can’t get too wrapped up in the
but we can’t get too wrapped up in the technology because think about what
technology because think about what
technology because think about what happened in the 1920s 30s 40s 50s with
happened in the 1920s 30s 40s 50s with
happened in the 1920s 30s 40s 50s with the combustion engine in the car we
the combustion engine in the car we
the combustion engine in the car we thought that was the solution to
thought that was the solution to
thought that was the solution to everything and we built everything
everything and we built everything
everything and we built everything around and look at the mess that we got
around and look at the mess that we got
around and look at the mess that we got ourselves in
ourselves in
ourselves in so if we want 50% of trips to be active
so if we want 50% of trips to be active
so if we want 50% of trips to be active transportation trips the other have to
transportation trips the other have to
transportation trips the other have to be shared mobility trips which is ideal
be shared mobility trips which is ideal
be shared mobility trips which is ideal whether it’s transit or something else
whether it’s transit or something else
whether it’s transit or something else we want more density near our transit
we want more density near our transit
we want more density near our transit stuffs we want people to walk and bike
stuffs we want people to walk and bike
stuffs we want people to walk and bike then let’s fit all this technology into
then let’s fit all this technology into
then let’s fit all this technology into the world that we want to create let’s
the world that we want to create let’s
the world that we want to create let’s not build a technology and then hope
not build a technology and then hope
not build a technology and then hope that things work out for us and maybe if
that things work out for us and maybe if
that things work out for us and maybe if we’re able to achieve this lasting urban
we’re able to achieve this lasting urban
we’re able to achieve this lasting urban change by the way this is my daughter
change by the way this is my daughter
change by the way this is my daughter using the public space I put her in
using the public space I put her in
using the public space I put her in there for that reason for that effect
there for that reason for that effect
there for that reason for that effect you know I think we’ll actually head
you know I think we’ll actually head
you know I think we’ll actually head back to a simpler time we’re gonna go
back to a simpler time we’re gonna go
back to a simpler time we’re gonna go back to a simpler time and I certainly
back to a simpler time and I certainly
back to a simpler time and I certainly hope so and we’re gonna leverage the
hope so and we’re gonna leverage the
hope so and we’re gonna leverage the future to get back to that simpler time
future to get back to that simpler time
future to get back to that simpler time right now we are the wealthiest country
right now we are the wealthiest country
right now we are the wealthiest country in the world but guess what we are 15th
in the world but guess what we are 15th
in the world but guess what we are 15th happiest and you look at the countries
happiest and you look at the countries
happiest and you look at the countries that are happier their urban planning is
that are happier their urban planning is
that are happier their urban planning is a bit different than ours so this big
a bit different than ours so this big
a bit different than ours so this big directional shift starts with a a very
directional shift starts with a a very
directional shift starts with a a very basic right to safe high-quality public
basic right to safe high-quality public
basic right to safe high-quality public space also to connectivity we should not
space also to connectivity we should not
space also to connectivity we should not have to pay for connectivity to others
have to pay for connectivity to others
have to pay for connectivity to others and then fundamentally everybody
and then fundamentally everybody
and then fundamentally everybody everybody should have a roof over their
everybody should have a roof over their
everybody should have a roof over their head as a basic human right and by the
head as a basic human right and by the
head as a basic human right and by the way it’s good business thank you so much
way it’s good business thank you so much
way it’s good business thank you so much [Applause]
”
Be First to Comment