morning I’d like to tell you the story of a little success and a little failure
of a little success and a little failure
of a little success and a little failure when I was 10 years no 11 years old I
when I was 10 years no 11 years old I
when I was 10 years no 11 years old I started studying French in the north of
started studying French in the north of
started studying French in the north of England
England
England now nothing and nobody in the north of
now nothing and nobody in the north of
now nothing and nobody in the north of England is French apart from a few
England is French apart from a few
England is French apart from a few teachers in the schools but we have to
teachers in the schools but we have to
teachers in the schools but we have to study a foreign language and so French
study a foreign language and so French
study a foreign language and so French it was now in the first lesson the
it was now in the first lesson the
it was now in the first lesson the teacher held up a pen and said to us as
teacher held up a pen and said to us as
teacher held up a pen and said to us as if he was speaking to a bunch of
if he was speaking to a bunch of
if he was speaking to a bunch of Martians while si are still oh this is a
Martians while si are still oh this is a
Martians while si are still oh this is a pen and in terms of content that was
pen and in terms of content that was
pen and in terms of content that was about as good as the course ever got
about as good as the course ever got
about as good as the course ever got every lesson we would translate ten
every lesson we would translate ten
every lesson we would translate ten sentences from French into English and
sentences from French into English and
sentences from French into English and then take them home memorize the
then take them home memorize the
then take them home memorize the sentences translate them back into
sentences translate them back into
sentences translate them back into French again under test condition as the
French again under test condition as the
French again under test condition as the next lesson one mark taken off for every
next lesson one mark taken off for every
next lesson one mark taken off for every grammatical mistake and we would be
grammatical mistake and we would be
grammatical mistake and we would be reseated according to those test results
reseated according to those test results
reseated according to those test results with the best score at the front of the
with the best score at the front of the
with the best score at the front of the room and the worst score at the back
room and the worst score at the back
room and the worst score at the back next to the door and this went on for
next to the door and this went on for
next to the door and this went on for five years at the end of which we took
five years at the end of which we took
five years at the end of which we took an examination now we had been quite
an examination now we had been quite
an examination now we had been quite dutiful students and we did quite well
dutiful students and we did quite well
dutiful students and we did quite well in that examination myself I got a grade
in that examination myself I got a grade
in that examination myself I got a grade A we used to be the highest grade you
A we used to be the highest grade you
A we used to be the highest grade you could get before they invented a stars
could get before they invented a stars
could get before they invented a stars and no doubt the French Department
and no doubt the French Department
and no doubt the French Department congratulated themselves on the success
congratulated themselves on the success
congratulated themselves on the success of an educational project but it wasn’t
of an educational project but it wasn’t
of an educational project but it wasn’t a success because although they had
a success because although they had
a success because although they had taught me a few words and a bit of
taught me a few words and a bit of
taught me a few words and a bit of grammar and some from us yes you they
grammar and some from us yes you they
grammar and some from us yes you they had forgotten to teach me that French is
had forgotten to teach me that French is
had forgotten to teach me that French is a language and a people and a culture
a language and a people and a culture
a language and a people and a culture and a cuisine in fact by the way they
and a cuisine in fact by the way they
and a cuisine in fact by the way they taught it to me they had made me believe
taught it to me they had made me believe
taught it to me they had made me believe that French was just a perversely
that French was just a perversely
that French was just a perversely spelled and pronounced paraphrase of
spelled and pronounced paraphrase of
spelled and pronounced paraphrase of English whose only purpose was to punish
English whose only purpose was to punish
English whose only purpose was to punish children with and to my shame a day
children with and to my shame a day
children with and to my shame a day after my exam I quietly congratulated
after my exam I quietly congratulated
after my exam I quietly congratulated myself that I would never have to speak
myself that I would never have to speak
myself that I would never have to speak or learn another word of French again
or learn another word of French again
or learn another word of French again and I don’t think that was just me I
and I don’t think that was just me I
and I don’t think that was just me I think all of my friends were saying much
think all of my friends were saying much
think all of my friends were saying much the same thing well okay I have a more
the same thing well okay I have a more
the same thing well okay I have a more encouraging story for you when I was at
encouraging story for you when I was at
encouraging story for you when I was at university I wanted to impress an
university I wanted to impress an
university I wanted to impress an attractive Spanish girl so I went
attractive Spanish girl so I went
attractive Spanish girl so I went travelling in Spain backpacking in fact
travelling in Spain backpacking in fact
travelling in Spain backpacking in fact for three weeks before I went I
for three weeks before I went I
for three weeks before I went I furiously studied every beginners course
furiously studied every beginners course
furiously studied every beginners course in Spanish I could find the local
in Spanish I could find the local
in Spanish I could find the local library I went for long walks listening
library I went for long walks listening
library I went for long walks listening to and repeating Spanish phrases I
to and repeating Spanish phrases I
to and repeating Spanish phrases I bought a great big Spanish dictionary
bought a great big Spanish dictionary
bought a great big Spanish dictionary that sat in my backpack
that sat in my backpack
that sat in my backpack like a brick and I even memorized some
like a brick and I even memorized some
like a brick and I even memorized some beautiful poems by Federico Garcia Lorca
beautiful poems by Federico Garcia Lorca
beautiful poems by Federico Garcia Lorca in case there were any romantic moments
in case there were any romantic moments
in case there were any romantic moments which they weren’t and the time came and
which they weren’t and the time came and
which they weren’t and the time came and I travelled by train down from England
I travelled by train down from England
I travelled by train down from England through France and into Spain
through France and into Spain
through France and into Spain can you imagine what happened in France
can you imagine what happened in France
can you imagine what happened in France first I failed to communicate with the
first I failed to communicate with the
first I failed to communicate with the ticket inspector and then I failed to
ticket inspector and then I failed to
ticket inspector and then I failed to order my lunch and then I gave up I felt
order my lunch and then I gave up I felt
order my lunch and then I gave up I felt helpless in France helpless humiliated
helpless in France helpless humiliated
helpless in France helpless humiliated and hungry but as soon as I arrived in
and hungry but as soon as I arrived in
and hungry but as soon as I arrived in Spain I found myself much better
Spain I found myself much better
Spain I found myself much better equipped to communicate in in Spanish
equipped to communicate in in Spanish
equipped to communicate in in Spanish with my few phrases my my dictionary my
with my few phrases my my dictionary my
with my few phrases my my dictionary my can-do attitude I I was a cheerfully
can-do attitude I I was a cheerfully
can-do attitude I I was a cheerfully inexpert but actually reasonably
inexpert but actually reasonably
inexpert but actually reasonably effective user of basic Spanish and I
effective user of basic Spanish and I
effective user of basic Spanish and I had memorable adventures all over Spain
had memorable adventures all over Spain
had memorable adventures all over Spain and I experienced something that many
and I experienced something that many
and I experienced something that many British people never experienced I
British people never experienced I
British people never experienced I actually could use a foreign language so
actually could use a foreign language so
actually could use a foreign language so there we have it five years of French
there we have it five years of French
there we have it five years of French lessons failure three weeks of Spanish
lessons failure three weeks of Spanish
lessons failure three weeks of Spanish self-study success and pondering on that
self-study success and pondering on that
self-study success and pondering on that difference has influenced my career a
difference has influenced my career a
difference has influenced my career a lot because it inspired me to become a
lot because it inspired me to become a
lot because it inspired me to become a language teacher myself I think these
language teacher myself I think these
language teacher myself I think these little successes and failures are
little successes and failures are
little successes and failures are extremely important because there are
extremely important because there are
extremely important because there are millions of them I think happening every
millions of them I think happening every
millions of them I think happening every day in schools and they these little
day in schools and they these little
day in schools and they these little educational disasters happen whenever a
educational disasters happen whenever a
educational disasters happen whenever a child thinks I don’t see the point in
child thinks I don’t see the point in
child thinks I don’t see the point in this what if we could work out how to
this what if we could work out how to
this what if we could work out how to transform that kind of success failure
transform that kind of success failure
transform that kind of success failure into that kind of success we could
into that kind of success we could
into that kind of success we could release so much human potential and
release so much human potential and
release so much human potential and after many years of pondering and
after many years of pondering and
after many years of pondering and teaching I’m ready I think to put a name
teaching I’m ready I think to put a name
teaching I’m ready I think to put a name to it
to it
to it I think the best label for it is
I think the best label for it is
I think the best label for it is authenticity
authenticity
authenticity you see French was not an authentic
you see French was not an authentic
you see French was not an authentic learning challenge for me I had no use
learning challenge for me I had no use
learning challenge for me I had no use for it but every word of Spanish that I
for it but every word of Spanish that I
for it but every word of Spanish that I learnt I knew would be immediately
learnt I knew would be immediately
learnt I knew would be immediately useful to me as I sat in the plazas of
useful to me as I sat in the plazas of
useful to me as I sat in the plazas of Andalusia I knew that you know I needed
Andalusia I knew that you know I needed
Andalusia I knew that you know I needed those words to order my next meal to
those words to order my next meal to
those words to order my next meal to find my next train ride and to negotiate
find my next train ride and to negotiate
find my next train ride and to negotiate a bed for the night
a bed for the night
a bed for the night so even without a teacher I was
so even without a teacher I was
so even without a teacher I was infinitely more successful so I think of
infinitely more successful so I think of
infinitely more successful so I think of authentic learning experiences as those
authentic learning experiences as those
authentic learning experiences as those in situations where that situation makes
in situations where that situation makes
in situations where that situation makes the need for learning manifest before
the need for learning manifest before
the need for learning manifest before you attempt to do that learning or the
you attempt to do that learning or the
you attempt to do that learning or the value of that learning is immediately
value of that learning is immediately
value of that learning is immediately felt
in schools I think we’re very good at
in schools I think we’re very good at asking the questions what do we need to
asking the questions what do we need to
asking the questions what do we need to learn and how can we learn it and I
learn and how can we learn it and I
learn and how can we learn it and I don’t think we are very good at asking
don’t think we are very good at asking
don’t think we are very good at asking the questions why are we learning
the questions why are we learning
the questions why are we learning because I’ll tell you some answers that
because I’ll tell you some answers that
because I’ll tell you some answers that seem quite deficient to me I learn to
seem quite deficient to me I learn to
seem quite deficient to me I learn to pass exams I learn to get to university
pass exams I learn to get to university
pass exams I learn to get to university I learn to get a job three things which
I learn to get a job three things which
I learn to get a job three things which are in themselves good things but are
are in themselves good things but are
are in themselves good things but are they really achievements we may feel
they really achievements we may feel
they really achievements we may feel their achievements but I think if we
their achievements but I think if we
their achievements but I think if we think of those as end goals we are
think of those as end goals we are
think of those as end goals we are confusing approval with achievement
confusing approval with achievement
confusing approval with achievement somebody has told us yes we think you
somebody has told us yes we think you
somebody has told us yes we think you have the promise of future achievement
have the promise of future achievement
have the promise of future achievement and that’s why we’re letting you into
and that’s why we’re letting you into
and that’s why we’re letting you into our organization or giving you a
our organization or giving you a
our organization or giving you a certificate but the real value creation
certificate but the real value creation
certificate but the real value creation will happen in the future and I think as
will happen in the future and I think as
will happen in the future and I think as a terrible waste because learning has
a terrible waste because learning has
a terrible waste because learning has value immediate value in our many
value immediate value in our many
value immediate value in our many children are willing and unable to
children are willing and unable to
children are willing and unable to realize that if we tell students that
realize that if we tell students that
realize that if we tell students that your education is amassing a large body
your education is amassing a large body
your education is amassing a large body of knowledge which you will carry into
of knowledge which you will carry into
of knowledge which you will carry into the future in order to use in the future
the future in order to use in the future
the future in order to use in the future then we’ve turned education into an
then we’ve turned education into an
then we’ve turned education into an exercise in consumption passive
exercise in consumption passive
exercise in consumption passive consumption rather like rather like food
consumption rather like rather like food
consumption rather like rather like food the same thing happens adults then start
the same thing happens adults then start
the same thing happens adults then start to package food and hand it to students
to package food and hand it to students
to package food and hand it to students those children and then organizations
those children and then organizations
those children and then organizations get involved and turned them into
get involved and turned them into
get involved and turned them into products to sell to young people and if
products to sell to young people and if
products to sell to young people and if we define education in that way then we
we define education in that way then we
we define education in that way then we bring it into direct competition with
bring it into direct competition with
bring it into direct competition with other products designed by adults and
other products designed by adults and
other products designed by adults and given to young people such as computer
given to young people such as computer
given to young people such as computer games and videos and small wonder if the
games and videos and small wonder if the
games and videos and small wonder if the children prefer the computer games in
children prefer the computer games in
children prefer the computer games in the videos but the things that
the videos but the things that
the videos but the things that we make for ourselves are more involving
we make for ourselves are more involving
we make for ourselves are more involving than those beautifully made pre pre
than those beautifully made pre pre
than those beautifully made pre pre packaged products try and remember your
packaged products try and remember your
packaged products try and remember your first experience of cooking I’m not sure
first experience of cooking I’m not sure
first experience of cooking I’m not sure about Hong Kong but in England for most
about Hong Kong but in England for most
about Hong Kong but in England for most children that’s making cakes or biscuits
children that’s making cakes or biscuits
children that’s making cakes or biscuits and those cakes that they weren’t very
and those cakes that they weren’t very
and those cakes that they weren’t very good let’s be honest they were chewy in
good let’s be honest they were chewy in
good let’s be honest they were chewy in the middle and they burnt on one side
the middle and they burnt on one side
the middle and they burnt on one side but they were very fun and involving
but they were very fun and involving
but they were very fun and involving better than the ones you could have
better than the ones you could have
better than the ones you could have bought the perfect ones you could have
bought the perfect ones you could have
bought the perfect ones you could have bought from the shop so on that same
bought from the shop so on that same
bought from the shop so on that same principle I think we should try to find
principle I think we should try to find
principle I think we should try to find ways to involve young people in the
ways to involve young people in the
ways to involve young people in the creation of their own education at an
creation of their own education at an
creation of their own education at an extreme level this can actually mean
extreme level this can actually mean
extreme level this can actually mean children in schools run businesses which
children in schools run businesses which
children in schools run businesses which generate income to pay for their own
generate income to pay for their own
generate income to pay for their own education and this amazing organization
education and this amazing organization
education and this amazing organization teach a man to fish is doing exactly
teach a man to fish is doing exactly
teach a man to fish is doing exactly that in several projects around the
that in several projects around the
that in several projects around the world and that’s not only generating
world and that’s not only generating
world and that’s not only generating money to help those young people to
money to help those young people to
money to help those young people to afford an education it’s also giving
afford an education it’s also giving
afford an education it’s also giving them great confidence and self-reliance
them great confidence and self-reliance
them great confidence and self-reliance now here in Hong Kong
now here in Hong Kong
now here in Hong Kong we have resources for lavish schools are
we have resources for lavish schools are
we have resources for lavish schools are we engendering confidence and
we engendering confidence and
we engendering confidence and self-reliance in our students perhaps
self-reliance in our students perhaps
self-reliance in our students perhaps not always but we don’t need to be
not always but we don’t need to be
not always but we don’t need to be spoiled by abundance
spoiled by abundance
spoiled by abundance there are many real authentic learning
there are many real authentic learning
there are many real authentic learning challenges in a well resourced school if
challenges in a well resourced school if
challenges in a well resourced school if we if we just look for them does the
we if we just look for them does the
we if we just look for them does the school need something an object well why
school need something an object well why
school need something an object well why not make it all right I mean teach the
not make it all right I mean teach the
not make it all right I mean teach the children that the skills to make it or
children that the skills to make it or
children that the skills to make it or to repair the old one or two if that’s
to repair the old one or two if that’s
to repair the old one or two if that’s not practical – how to procure one and I
not practical – how to procure one and I
not practical – how to procure one and I picked this up around our school it’s
picked this up around our school it’s
picked this up around our school it’s obviously a student project and it’s a
obviously a student project and it’s a
obviously a student project and it’s a beautiful
beautiful
beautiful and obviously a lot of learning went
and obviously a lot of learning went
and obviously a lot of learning went into making it but I would like it even
into making it but I would like it even
into making it but I would like it even better if it was in use because then we
better if it was in use because then we
better if it was in use because then we would be continuing to learn by how well
would be continuing to learn by how well
would be continuing to learn by how well it worked and we would have realized the
it worked and we would have realized the
it worked and we would have realized the value in creating it is the school day
value in creating it is the school day
value in creating it is the school day sometimes boring well are we giving
sometimes boring well are we giving
sometimes boring well are we giving young people enough opportunities to
young people enough opportunities to
young people enough opportunities to show off their distinctive talents and
show off their distinctive talents and
show off their distinctive talents and entertain themselves and each other
events like this one of course we are
events like this one of course we are it’s easier for adults to organize
it’s easier for adults to organize
it’s easier for adults to organize things for young people but the
things for young people but the
things for young people but the opportunity to learn from organizing
opportunity to learn from organizing
opportunity to learn from organizing from organizing events like this it is
from organizing events like this it is
from organizing events like this it is huge and finally is the school
huge and finally is the school
huge and finally is the school environmentally unsustainable there’s a
environmentally unsustainable there’s a
environmentally unsustainable there’s a big one wouldn’t it be a superb exercise
big one wouldn’t it be a superb exercise
big one wouldn’t it be a superb exercise in bringing together the knowledge from
in bringing together the knowledge from
in bringing together the knowledge from all the different disciplines in the
all the different disciplines in the
all the different disciplines in the school or the subject areas to attempt
school or the subject areas to attempt
school or the subject areas to attempt to go zero waste or zero carbon because
to go zero waste or zero carbon because
to go zero waste or zero carbon because if we can’t find the will and the
if we can’t find the will and the
if we can’t find the will and the learning to do that in a school where on
learning to do that in a school where on
learning to do that in a school where on earth is it going to come from to solve
earth is it going to come from to solve
earth is it going to come from to solve those problems in wider society now down
those problems in wider society now down
those problems in wider society now down at Maker Bay in the out all they’re
at Maker Bay in the out all they’re
at Maker Bay in the out all they’re doing exactly this kind of thing right
doing exactly this kind of thing right
doing exactly this kind of thing right now they’re making a suite of plastics
now they’re making a suite of plastics
now they’re making a suite of plastics recycling machines which are perfect for
recycling machines which are perfect for
recycling machines which are perfect for schools now imagine if a student would
schools now imagine if a student would
schools now imagine if a student would be able to say to an employer or a
be able to say to an employer or a
be able to say to an employer or a university admissions office say yeah I
university admissions office say yeah I
university admissions office say yeah I was the head of plastics recycling in my
was the head of plastics recycling in my
was the head of plastics recycling in my school Faria and we made three tons of
school Faria and we made three tons of
school Faria and we made three tons of waste plastic into products for the
waste plastic into products for the
waste plastic into products for the school shop offer a charity how
school shop offer a charity how
school shop offer a charity how impressive is that going to be well at
impressive is that going to be well at
impressive is that going to be well at this
this
this I can feel an objection brewing yes
I can feel an objection brewing yes
I can feel an objection brewing yes those projects sound lovely but we can’t
those projects sound lovely but we can’t
those projects sound lovely but we can’t have too many of them may haven’t got
have too many of them may haven’t got
have too many of them may haven’t got time we’ve got to study for exams I
time we’ve got to study for exams I
time we’ve got to study for exams I think they’re too important answers to
think they’re too important answers to
think they’re too important answers to that one is that employers and
that one is that employers and
that one is that employers and universities are always complaining
universities are always complaining
universities are always complaining about a skills gap the ones they want
about a skills gap the ones they want
about a skills gap the ones they want are strategic thinking creative
are strategic thinking creative
are strategic thinking creative problem-solving leadership skills things
problem-solving leadership skills things
problem-solving leadership skills things that conventional academic courses are
that conventional academic courses are
that conventional academic courses are not that good at developing but are very
not that good at developing but are very
not that good at developing but are very well addressed in authentic learning
well addressed in authentic learning
well addressed in authentic learning challenges the other answer is there are
challenges the other answer is there are
challenges the other answer is there are efficiency gains I believe to be had if
efficiency gains I believe to be had if
efficiency gains I believe to be had if we can learn how to realise them because
we can learn how to realise them because
we can learn how to realise them because this model explains my french studies
whereas this model explains my stat
whereas this model explains my stat Spanish studies I think this shows that
Spanish studies I think this shows that
Spanish studies I think this shows that it is worth investing effort in
it is worth investing effort in
it is worth investing effort in inspiration it’s worth investing that
inspiration it’s worth investing that
inspiration it’s worth investing that time objection number two this one will
time objection number two this one will
time objection number two this one will tend to come from teachers yes that’s
tend to come from teachers yes that’s
tend to come from teachers yes that’s all very well but you have to learn your
all very well but you have to learn your
all very well but you have to learn your trivial stuff and then you build it up
trivial stuff and then you build it up
trivial stuff and then you build it up into more advanced stuff which will be
into more advanced stuff which will be
into more advanced stuff which will be useful in the future no I think that’s
useful in the future no I think that’s
useful in the future no I think that’s based on a misunderstanding students
based on a misunderstanding students
based on a misunderstanding students need teachers to clarify simplify
need teachers to clarify simplify
need teachers to clarify simplify elements of a problem identified Dillian
elements of a problem identified Dillian
elements of a problem identified Dillian eight but not to trivialize you’re
eight but not to trivialize you’re
eight but not to trivialize you’re trivializing means taking it out of
trivializing means taking it out of
trivializing means taking it out of context I spent an inordinate amount of
context I spent an inordinate amount of
context I spent an inordinate amount of my youth learning how to do differential
my youth learning how to do differential
my youth learning how to do differential equations nobody ever took the time to
equations nobody ever took the time to
equations nobody ever took the time to explain to me what a differential
explain to me what a differential
explain to me what a differential equation is used for or what its natural
equation is used for or what its natural
equation is used for or what its natural habitat is
habitat is
habitat is it was trivialized because of that the
it was trivialized because of that the
it was trivialized because of that the big I think obstacle to trying to
big I think obstacle to trying to
big I think obstacle to trying to redesign in education along these
redesign in education along these
redesign in education along these principles is rampant standardization
principles is rampant standardization
principles is rampant standardization again I think based on a
again I think based on a
again I think based on a misunderstanding raising standards does
misunderstanding raising standards does
misunderstanding raising standards does not mean standardizing everything let me
not mean standardizing everything let me
not mean standardizing everything let me give you an example a few weeks ago an
give you an example a few weeks ago an
give you an example a few weeks ago an airliner crashed killing 66 people and
airliner crashed killing 66 people and
airliner crashed killing 66 people and the next morning the newspapers were
the next morning the newspapers were
the next morning the newspapers were conjecturing that it might have been
conjecturing that it might have been
conjecturing that it might have been caused by a lithium battery which
caused by a lithium battery which
caused by a lithium battery which explodes burns quite brightly and these
explodes burns quite brightly and these
explodes burns quite brightly and these are very prevalent now they’re probably
are very prevalent now they’re probably
are very prevalent now they’re probably a couple of hundred in the room right
a couple of hundred in the room right
a couple of hundred in the room right now in our portable devices now of the
now in our portable devices now of the
now in our portable devices now of the science teachers who noticed that news
science teachers who noticed that news
science teachers who noticed that news story how many of those taught something
story how many of those taught something
story how many of those taught something about lithium in their lessons that week
about lithium in their lessons that week
about lithium in their lessons that week how many of them took a lithium battery
how many of them took a lithium battery
how many of them took a lithium battery outside to blow it up for the class
outside to blow it up for the class
outside to blow it up for the class not many I imagine but why not because
not many I imagine but why not because
not many I imagine but why not because it’s it’s definitely science isn’t it
it’s it’s definitely science isn’t it
it’s it’s definitely science isn’t it it’s very real and relevant it’s post
it’s very real and relevant it’s post
it’s very real and relevant it’s post potentially life-threatening it’s
potentially life-threatening it’s
potentially life-threatening it’s compelling I’ll tell you the reason I
compelling I’ll tell you the reason I
compelling I’ll tell you the reason I think it’s because it’s not on the
think it’s because it’s not on the
think it’s because it’s not on the syllabus this month and if we have a
syllabus this month and if we have a
syllabus this month and if we have a system that is squeezing out
system that is squeezing out
system that is squeezing out authenticity and relevance then I think
authenticity and relevance then I think
authenticity and relevance then I think that’s a system that needs to change so
that’s a system that needs to change so
that’s a system that needs to change so wherever we are in the system I think
wherever we are in the system I think
wherever we are in the system I think it’s very important to try and recognize
it’s very important to try and recognize
it’s very important to try and recognize trivialization and replace it with
trivialization and replace it with
trivialization and replace it with authenticity so hopefully the next
authenticity so hopefully the next
authenticity so hopefully the next generation are not going to be parroting
generation are not going to be parroting
generation are not going to be parroting pointless phrases like ycr Stielow but
pointless phrases like ycr Stielow but
pointless phrases like ycr Stielow but using their languages for worthwhile
using their languages for worthwhile
using their languages for worthwhile communication and perhaps we can help
communication and perhaps we can help
communication and perhaps we can help them too may
them too may
them too may something of authentic value with those
something of authentic value with those
something of authentic value with those pens thank you very much
pens thank you very much
pens thank you very much [Applause]
”
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