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Be a (non-violent) hero, not a martyr | Gulalai Ismail | TEDxExeter


today my greatest hope is for peace but

today my greatest hope is for peace but for the first 16 years of my life like

for the first 16 years of my life like

for the first 16 years of my life like many other young people from my

many other young people from my

many other young people from my community I wanted to sacrifice my life

community I wanted to sacrifice my life

community I wanted to sacrifice my life in the name of violent jihad to become a

in the name of violent jihad to become a

in the name of violent jihad to become a martyr I have experienced what it takes

martyr I have experienced what it takes

martyr I have experienced what it takes to make a young person want to be a

to make a young person want to be a

to make a young person want to be a hardest and I have learned what it takes

hardest and I have learned what it takes

hardest and I have learned what it takes to prevent radicalization since then I

to prevent radicalization since then I

to prevent radicalization since then I have created a movement for peace

have created a movement for peace

have created a movement for peace unleashing young people’s potential to

unleashing young people’s potential to

unleashing young people’s potential to create flourishing and prosperous

create flourishing and prosperous

create flourishing and prosperous communities we have saved lives of more

communities we have saved lives of more

communities we have saved lives of more than 10,000 young people by preventing

than 10,000 young people by preventing

than 10,000 young people by preventing them from being recruited in militant

them from being recruited in militant

them from being recruited in militant jihadi groups today I want to share my

jihadi groups today I want to share my

jihadi groups today I want to share my journey with you I was born in cevapi

journey with you I was born in cevapi

journey with you I was born in cevapi it’s a small village in the northwest of

it’s a small village in the northwest of

it’s a small village in the northwest of Pakistan a deeply remote area

Pakistan a deeply remote area

Pakistan a deeply remote area traditional and religious at that time

traditional and religious at that time

traditional and religious at that time Pakistan was a perfect incubator for

Pakistan was a perfect incubator for

Pakistan was a perfect incubator for producing militant mindsets we learned

producing militant mindsets we learned

producing militant mindsets we learned to hate life believing that this life is

to hate life believing that this life is

to hate life believing that this life is short and the real life is afterlife and

short and the real life is afterlife and

short and the real life is afterlife and the earlier you start the luckier we are

the earlier you start the luckier we are

the earlier you start the luckier we are and all Muslims will go to heaven so I

and all Muslims will go to heaven so I

and all Muslims will go to heaven so I felt very lucky being born in a Muslim

felt very lucky being born in a Muslim

felt very lucky being born in a Muslim family our village was conservative and

family our village was conservative and

family our village was conservative and discriminations were deeply rooted in

discriminations were deeply rooted in

discriminations were deeply rooted in the culture the birth of boys was

the culture the birth of boys was

the culture the birth of boys was cherished celebrated by firing guns into

cherished celebrated by firing guns into

cherished celebrated by firing guns into the year and by sharing delicious food

the year and by sharing delicious food

the year and by sharing delicious food while the birth of girls was a matter of

while the birth of girls was a matter of

while the birth of girls was a matter of shame and sadness I was 11 when

shame and sadness I was 11 when

shame and sadness I was 11 when following local culture my parents told

following local culture my parents told

following local culture my parents told me I was no longer a kid I had to wear a

me I was no longer a kid I had to wear a

me I was no longer a kid I had to wear a scarf I could no longer play outside

while most of my time was spent behind

while most of my time was spent behind the walls outside I saw recruitment

the walls outside I saw recruitment

the walls outside I saw recruitment slogans for jihad chopped on the walls

slogans for jihad chopped on the walls

slogans for jihad chopped on the walls of my village encouraging young people

of my village encouraging young people

of my village encouraging young people to go and fight in Afghanistan and

to go and fight in Afghanistan and

to go and fight in Afghanistan and Kashmir in Islam though jihad means

Kashmir in Islam though jihad means

Kashmir in Islam though jihad means struggle but the political Islamists

struggle but the political Islamists

struggle but the political Islamists have limited its meaning to violent

have limited its meaning to violent

have limited its meaning to violent jihad to war and we were told that under

jihad to war and we were told that under

jihad to war and we were told that under Muslim Brotherhood it is our

Muslim Brotherhood it is our

Muslim Brotherhood it is our responsibility to help Muslims who are

responsibility to help Muslims who are

responsibility to help Muslims who are suffering in other countries in other

suffering in other countries in other

suffering in other countries in other parts of the world thousands of young

parts of the world thousands of young

parts of the world thousands of young people went to fight

people went to fight

people went to fight I saw families receiving dead bodies of

I saw families receiving dead bodies of

I saw families receiving dead bodies of their loved ones killed and violent

their loved ones killed and violent

their loved ones killed and violent jihad their deaths were cherished in the

jihad their deaths were cherished in the

jihad their deaths were cherished in the village their families were considered

village their families were considered

village their families were considered more holier than other families and

more holier than other families and

more holier than other families and everyone believed that the whole family

everyone believed that the whole family

everyone believed that the whole family will go to heaven guaranteed

will go to heaven guaranteed

will go to heaven guaranteed and then jihad was the real part of life

and then jihad was the real part of life

and then jihad was the real part of life that was open to both men and women it

that was open to both men and women it

that was open to both men and women it was glamorous it was exciting and then I

was glamorous it was exciting and then I

was glamorous it was exciting and then I saw it as a way of breaking through

saw it as a way of breaking through

saw it as a way of breaking through those walls of shame but there was a

those walls of shame but there was a

those walls of shame but there was a problem my father he didn’t believe in

problem my father he didn’t believe in

problem my father he didn’t believe in war in any jihad he believed in peace I

war in any jihad he believed in peace I

war in any jihad he believed in peace I was 8 when we had to flee our village

was 8 when we had to flee our village

was 8 when we had to flee our village because my father was accused of being

because my father was accused of being

because my father was accused of being an infidel and we fear worse to come one

an infidel and we fear worse to come one

an infidel and we fear worse to come one day he heard us talking about religion

day he heard us talking about religion

day he heard us talking about religion and ever zeal for jihad he realised his

and ever zeal for jihad he realised his

and ever zeal for jihad he realised his own children had been indoctrinated and

own children had been indoctrinated and

own children had been indoctrinated and when he realized this he started a

when he realized this he started a

when he realized this he started a mission of his own a mission to reverse

mission of his own a mission to reverse

mission of his own a mission to reverse the harm that has been done a mission to

the harm that has been done a mission to

the harm that has been done a mission to plant seedlings of Hope and peace

plant seedlings of Hope and peace

plant seedlings of Hope and peace while others found while other people in

while others found while other people in

while others found while other people in our family and neighborhood were

our family and neighborhood were

our family and neighborhood were investing their money in buying land

investing their money in buying land

investing their money in buying land buying new cars and and building new

buying new cars and and building new

buying new cars and and building new homes my father decided he will invest

homes my father decided he will invest

homes my father decided he will invest his money in our better education and he

his money in our better education and he

his money in our better education and he started that by teaching us about local

started that by teaching us about local

started that by teaching us about local heroes people who had used their voice

heroes people who had used their voice

heroes people who had used their voice not weapons to make their communities

not weapons to make their communities

not weapons to make their communities better places people like bachi han who

better places people like bachi han who

better places people like bachi han who just like Gandhi has used non-violence

just like Gandhi has used non-violence

just like Gandhi has used non-violence to ask for independence from

to ask for independence from

to ask for independence from colonization people like Nelson Mandela

colonization people like Nelson Mandela

colonization people like Nelson Mandela to teach us about reconciliation he

to teach us about reconciliation he

to teach us about reconciliation he taught us about non-violent heroism and

taught us about non-violent heroism and

taught us about non-violent heroism and he started introducing us to ideas like

he started introducing us to ideas like

he started introducing us to ideas like secularism liberalism and pluralism and

secularism liberalism and pluralism and

secularism liberalism and pluralism and all that sounded so crazy then he

all that sounded so crazy then he

all that sounded so crazy then he introduced us to people who had very

introduced us to people who had very

introduced us to people who had very different ideas people who are free

different ideas people who are free

different ideas people who are free thinkers activists politicians and it

thinkers activists politicians and it

thinkers activists politicians and it was one of those meetings that changed

was one of those meetings that changed

was one of those meetings that changed my life

my life

my life one day my father took me to hear a

one day my father took me to hear a

one day my father took me to hear a woman sharing story of her 13 year old

woman sharing story of her 13 year old

woman sharing story of her 13 year old son her son used to go to a local

son her son used to go to a local

son her son used to go to a local madrasa after school to learn Quran and

madrasa after school to learn Quran and

madrasa after school to learn Quran and like any typical Madras on Pakistan he

like any typical Madras on Pakistan he

like any typical Madras on Pakistan he was taught the importance of violent

was taught the importance of violent

was taught the importance of violent jihad he was taught that God comes first

jihad he was taught that God comes first

jihad he was taught that God comes first parents come later so he did not need

parents come later so he did not need

parents come later so he did not need permission of his parents to go for

permission of his parents to go for

permission of his parents to go for jihad one day he disappeared his mother

jihad one day he disappeared his mother

jihad one day he disappeared his mother had no idea where the Sun has gone until

had no idea where the Sun has gone until

had no idea where the Sun has gone until one day she received his dead body and a

one day she received his dead body and a

one day she received his dead body and a congratulatory message congratulation

congratulatory message congratulation

congratulatory message congratulation you are the mother of a martyr you will

you are the mother of a martyr you will

you are the mother of a martyr you will go to heaven I had never seen someone as

go to heaven I had never seen someone as

go to heaven I had never seen someone as dua stated as that mother her tears of

dua stated as that mother her tears of

dua stated as that mother her tears of did me deeply her son story was my story

did me deeply her son story was my story

did me deeply her son story was my story too

too

too the only difference was opportunity he

the only difference was opportunity he

the only difference was opportunity he had the opportunity to go and fight in

had the opportunity to go and fight in

had the opportunity to go and fight in Jihad and thanks to my father

Jihad and thanks to my father

Jihad and thanks to my father I had not that was the day I knew I

I had not that was the day I knew I

I had not that was the day I knew I didn’t want to be that kid I didn’t want

didn’t want to be that kid I didn’t want

didn’t want to be that kid I didn’t want to bitch hardest anymore I don’t I

to bitch hardest anymore I don’t I

to bitch hardest anymore I don’t I didn’t want to kill I didn’t want to get

didn’t want to kill I didn’t want to get

didn’t want to kill I didn’t want to get killed

killed

killed I learned jihad brings pain not glory I

I learned jihad brings pain not glory I

I learned jihad brings pain not glory I was 16 I was transforming from the girl

was 16 I was transforming from the girl

was 16 I was transforming from the girl that had the dream to go for jihad to

that had the dream to go for jihad to

that had the dream to go for jihad to the girl that wanted to prevent it from

the girl that wanted to prevent it from

the girl that wanted to prevent it from the girl that wanting freed that wanted

the girl that wanting freed that wanted

the girl that wanting freed that wanted freedom for herself to someone who

freedom for herself to someone who

freedom for herself to someone who wanted freedom independence and

wanted freedom independence and

wanted freedom independence and decision-making for all woman me and my

decision-making for all woman me and my

decision-making for all woman me and my sister Saba we became determined to do

sister Saba we became determined to do

sister Saba we became determined to do something which will change the fate of

something which will change the fate of

something which will change the fate of girls in our communities we started

girls in our communities we started

girls in our communities we started visiting schools and neighborhoods and

visiting schools and neighborhoods and

visiting schools and neighborhoods and started listening to girls about issues

started listening to girls about issues

started listening to girls about issues which bothered them about things they

which bothered them about things they

which bothered them about things they would like to change in their life and

would like to change in their life and

would like to change in their life and we started giving them ideas on how to

we started giving them ideas on how to

we started giving them ideas on how to make those changes and we called every

make those changes and we called every

make those changes and we called every campaign aware girls I campaign which

campaign aware girls I campaign which

campaign aware girls I campaign which will help girls to make them speak up

will help girls to make them speak up

will help girls to make them speak up for their own rights by then my parents

for their own rights by then my parents

for their own rights by then my parents were very proud of their children and at

were very proud of their children and at

were very proud of their children and at the end of my first semester in

the end of my first semester in

the end of my first semester in university he sent me to a two months

university he sent me to a two months

university he sent me to a two months residential leadership course for young

residential leadership course for young

residential leadership course for young people for the very first time I was on

people for the very first time I was on

people for the very first time I was on my own with men and women with people

my own with men and women with people

my own with men and women with people from different religions and ethnicities

from different religions and ethnicities

from different religions and ethnicities yes we learnt hope peace and human

yes we learnt hope peace and human

yes we learnt hope peace and human rights but most importantly we lived it

rights but most importantly we lived it

rights but most importantly we lived it for two months and that was

for two months and that was

for two months and that was transformative and I realized I can be

transformative and I realized I can be

transformative and I realized I can be bold I can stand up

bold I can stand up

bold I can stand up against my greatest fears it’s changed

against my greatest fears it’s changed

against my greatest fears it’s changed my life

then in 2007 security situation in

then in 2007 security situation in Pakistan started getting worse savate

Pakistan started getting worse savate

Pakistan started getting worse savate Valley was occupied by Taliban and the

Valley was occupied by Taliban and the

Valley was occupied by Taliban and the news of suicide bomb attacks was common

news of suicide bomb attacks was common

news of suicide bomb attacks was common my City Peshawar which was known as city

my City Peshawar which was known as city

my City Peshawar which was known as city of flowers became the city of suicide

of flowers became the city of suicide

of flowers became the city of suicide bomb attacks most of them done by young

bomb attacks most of them done by young

bomb attacks most of them done by young people seeing young people killing and

people seeing young people killing and

people seeing young people killing and being killed was heartbreaking for me I

being killed was heartbreaking for me I

being killed was heartbreaking for me I felt so close to them I felt so close to

felt so close to them I felt so close to

felt so close to them I felt so close to them I could relate to them because I

them I could relate to them because I

them I could relate to them because I had been there I couldn’t close my eyes

had been there I couldn’t close my eyes

had been there I couldn’t close my eyes it was my calling my calling to counter

it was my calling my calling to counter

it was my calling my calling to counter radicalization my calling to prevent

radicalization my calling to prevent

radicalization my calling to prevent young people from being recruited in

young people from being recruited in

young people from being recruited in militant organizations and to give them

militant organizations and to give them

militant organizations and to give them hope so that they can unleash their

hope so that they can unleash their

hope so that they can unleash their potential to build peaceful and

potential to build peaceful and

potential to build peaceful and prosperous communities so we formed a

prosperous communities so we formed a

prosperous communities so we formed a youth Peace Network to stop more young

youth Peace Network to stop more young

youth Peace Network to stop more young people from being sent to their deaths

people from being sent to their deaths

people from being sent to their deaths in the name of religion while terrorist

in the name of religion while terrorist

in the name of religion while terrorist organizations were recruiting people for

organizations were recruiting people for

organizations were recruiting people for terrorist activities

terrorist activities

terrorist activities I started recruiting young people for

I started recruiting young people for

I started recruiting young people for peace building we started with a group

peace building we started with a group

peace building we started with a group of 30 young people and we draw drawing

of 30 young people and we draw drawing

of 30 young people and we draw drawing on our very own experiences we

on our very own experiences we

on our very own experiences we identified five key factors which pull

identified five key factors which pull

identified five key factors which pull young people’s towards militancy and

young people’s towards militancy and

young people’s towards militancy and extremism let me take you through those

extremism let me take you through those

extremism let me take you through those five elements number one militants

five elements number one militants

five elements number one militants promote one uniform world we’ve and

promote one uniform world we’ve and

promote one uniform world we’ve and reject all others as haram as wrong we

reject all others as haram as wrong we

reject all others as haram as wrong we bring young people of different faiths

bring young people of different faiths

bring young people of different faiths and ethnicities

and ethnicities

and ethnicities is to gather and give them the

is to gather and give them the

is to gather and give them the opportunity to know each other and to

opportunity to know each other and to

opportunity to know each other and to celebrate the beauty of it to lift the

celebrate the beauty of it to lift the

celebrate the beauty of it to lift the beauty of it number two they cut off

beauty of it number two they cut off

beauty of it number two they cut off young people from their indigenous

young people from their indigenous

young people from their indigenous identities making them vulnerable we

identities making them vulnerable we

identities making them vulnerable we reconnect them and we help them

reconnect them and we help them

reconnect them and we help them celebrate their indigenous history and

celebrate their indigenous history and

celebrate their indigenous history and their indigenous culture number three

their indigenous culture number three

their indigenous culture number three militants make young people feel worthy

militants make young people feel worthy

militants make young people feel worthy worthy and valuable through Jihad we

worthy and valuable through Jihad we

worthy and valuable through Jihad we make them feel celebrated too once young

make them feel celebrated too once young

make them feel celebrated too once young people start making difference in the

people start making difference in the

people start making difference in the lives of other young people in their

lives of other young people in their

lives of other young people in their community they start realizing they are

community they start realizing they are

community they start realizing they are valuable they are worthy number four

valuable they are worthy number four

valuable they are worthy number four jihadists offer only one kind of hero

jihadists offer only one kind of hero

jihadists offer only one kind of hero the martyr and offer only one kind of

the martyr and offer only one kind of

the martyr and offer only one kind of glory the glory of war my mentors taught

glory the glory of war my mentors taught

glory the glory of war my mentors taught me non violent heroism we support young

me non violent heroism we support young

me non violent heroism we support young people to become heroes in their own

people to become heroes in their own

people to become heroes in their own lives by rebuilding their communities by

lives by rebuilding their communities by

lives by rebuilding their communities by saving lives by bringing prosperity by

saving lives by bringing prosperity by

saving lives by bringing prosperity by bringing peace in their communities we

bringing peace in their communities we

bringing peace in their communities we help them see glory and heroism in goals

help them see glory and heroism in goals

help them see glory and heroism in goals higher than jihad number five we have

higher than jihad number five we have

higher than jihad number five we have learned that it is very important to

learned that it is very important to

learned that it is very important to engage young people individually while

engage young people individually while

engage young people individually while the political and social circumstances

the political and social circumstances

the political and social circumstances may might make them vulnerable to

may might make them vulnerable to

may might make them vulnerable to extremism and recruitment but their

extremism and recruitment but their

extremism and recruitment but their particular story their particular

particular story their particular

particular story their particular trigger to radicalization is personal so

trigger to radicalization is personal so

trigger to radicalization is personal so we get to know each individual

we get to know each individual

we get to know each individual relationships are key young people

relationships are key young people

relationships are key young people inspire other young people they become

inspire other young people they become

inspire other young people they become heroes and role model for each other

when we started our work no one believed

when we started our work no one believed we could bring any change but now we

we could bring any change but now we

we could bring any change but now we have grown from that group of thirty

have grown from that group of thirty

have grown from that group of thirty young people we are now more than 500

young people we are now more than 500

young people we are now more than 500 peer educator

peer educator

peer educator who are reaching out to more than 3000

who are reaching out to more than 3000

who are reaching out to more than 3000 young people every year we have impacted

young people every year we have impacted

young people every year we have impacted the lives of more than 10,000 young

the lives of more than 10,000 young

the lives of more than 10,000 young people at the risk of radicalization

people at the risk of radicalization

people at the risk of radicalization changing their lives and saving lives of

changing their lives and saving lives of

changing their lives and saving lives of many countless more it is a powerful

many countless more it is a powerful

many countless more it is a powerful strategy it works twenty years ago we

strategy it works twenty years ago we

strategy it works twenty years ago we left our village

left our village

left our village when my father was accused of being an

when my father was accused of being an

when my father was accused of being an infidel three years back I went back to

infidel three years back I went back to

infidel three years back I went back to work there with young people ahmud who

work there with young people ahmud who

work there with young people ahmud who was 14 years old came to thank us for

was 14 years old came to thank us for

was 14 years old came to thank us for saving his life he used to go to a local

saving his life he used to go to a local

saving his life he used to go to a local madrasa where one of his teacher

madrasa where one of his teacher

madrasa where one of his teacher inspired him to go for jihad but then he

inspired him to go for jihad but then he

inspired him to go for jihad but then he met one of our peer educators and he

met one of our peer educators and he

met one of our peer educators and he started and he started to ask himself

started and he started to ask himself

started and he started to ask himself questions if going to jihad is so

questions if going to jihad is so

questions if going to jihad is so important and duty of every Muslim then

important and duty of every Muslim then

important and duty of every Muslim then why not children of these jihadi

why not children of these jihadi

why not children of these jihadi teachers and Imams go to jihad he

teachers and Imams go to jihad he

teachers and Imams go to jihad he decided not to go there is still so much

decided not to go there is still so much

decided not to go there is still so much work to do in Pakistan and in other

work to do in Pakistan and in other

work to do in Pakistan and in other parts of the world so many places in the

parts of the world so many places in the

parts of the world so many places in the world are fertile grounds for

world are fertile grounds for

world are fertile grounds for radicalization radicalization does not

radicalization radicalization does not

radicalization radicalization does not happen in vacuum radicalization happens

happen in vacuum radicalization happens

happen in vacuum radicalization happens when political circumstances and

when political circumstances and

when political circumstances and individual circumstances collide with

individual circumstances collide with

individual circumstances collide with opportunities extremist violence knows

opportunities extremist violence knows

opportunities extremist violence knows no borders the militant groups and

no borders the militant groups and

no borders the militant groups and militants attacks that we had seen for a

militants attacks that we had seen for a

militants attacks that we had seen for a long time happening in my home in my

long time happening in my home in my

long time happening in my home in my home region are now happening in many

home region are now happening in many

home region are now happening in many parts of the world but I believe that if

parts of the world but I believe that if

parts of the world but I believe that if every young person is presented with the

every young person is presented with the

every young person is presented with the kind of opportunities I was presented

kind of opportunities I was presented

kind of opportunities I was presented with that our network offers then like

with that our network offers then like

with that our network offers then like me

me

me they can make different choices we need

they can make different choices we need

they can make different choices we need to tear down the walls in our minds and

to tear down the walls in our minds and

to tear down the walls in our minds and offer a new and more hopeful vision

offer a new and more hopeful vision

offer a new and more hopeful vision where everyone is valued and everyone is

where everyone is valued and everyone is

where everyone is valued and everyone is able to contribute and even a more

able to contribute and even a more

able to contribute and even a more powerful movement a movement for peace

powerful movement a movement for peace

powerful movement a movement for peace this is the hope I want to share with

this is the hope I want to share with

this is the hope I want to share with you this strategy is working in Pakistan

you this strategy is working in Pakistan

you this strategy is working in Pakistan and I believe it can work everywhere in

and I believe it can work everywhere in

and I believe it can work everywhere in the world thank you

”

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