thank you cities are without any doubt the areas
cities are without any doubt the areas
cities are without any doubt the areas of concentration and overcrowding of the
of concentration and overcrowding of the
of concentration and overcrowding of the population and but we know that this
population and but we know that this
population and but we know that this distribution is not even so if we divide
distribution is not even so if we divide
distribution is not even so if we divide the population of the earth 7.4 4
the population of the earth 7.4 4
the population of the earth 7.4 4 billion inhabitants for the habitable
billion inhabitants for the habitable
billion inhabitants for the habitable surface of the world would have a
surface of the world would have a
surface of the world would have a density of 50 person per square
density of 50 person per square
density of 50 person per square kilometer but we know that there are
kilometer but we know that there are
kilometer but we know that there are many cities which are concentrating a
many cities which are concentrating a
many cities which are concentrating a lot of population so 14,000 in
lot of population so 14,000 in
lot of population so 14,000 in Casablanca Morocco 14,000 and 800 in
Casablanca Morocco 14,000 and 800 in
Casablanca Morocco 14,000 and 800 in Manila in the Philippines almost 20,000
Manila in the Philippines almost 20,000
Manila in the Philippines almost 20,000 people per square kilometer in Mumbai
people per square kilometer in Mumbai
people per square kilometer in Mumbai 31,000 people per square kilometer and
31,000 people per square kilometer and
31,000 people per square kilometer and finally the most dense City which is
finally the most dense City which is
finally the most dense City which is 44,000 people per square kilometre in
44,000 people per square kilometre in
44,000 people per square kilometre in Dhaka Bangladesh but why people is going
Dhaka Bangladesh but why people is going
Dhaka Bangladesh but why people is going to order the cities so there are at
to order the cities so there are at
to order the cities so there are at least two different reasons one reason
least two different reasons one reason
least two different reasons one reason is the escape from the rural poverty in
is the escape from the rural poverty in
is the escape from the rural poverty in the global south and also in the
the global south and also in the
the global south and also in the northern part of the world people is
northern part of the world people is
northern part of the world people is just looking for better jobs and better
just looking for better jobs and better
just looking for better jobs and better services so this is all what a real a
services so this is all what a real a
services so this is all what a real a fabric called the fight for the right to
fabric called the fight for the right to
fabric called the fight for the right to the city and the city as a basket of
the city and the city as a basket of
the city and the city as a basket of opportunities but we know that cities
opportunities but we know that cities
opportunities but we know that cities have not only been growing and expanding
have not only been growing and expanding
have not only been growing and expanding but they have been also creating
but they have been also creating
but they have been also creating networks of cities organizing many parts
networks of cities organizing many parts
networks of cities organizing many parts of the world and we just cite some of
of the world and we just cite some of
of the world and we just cite some of them so in Boston Washington 54 million
them so in Boston Washington 54 million
them so in Boston Washington 54 million inhabitants Rio Sao Paulo just in South
inhabitants Rio Sao Paulo just in South
inhabitants Rio Sao Paulo just in South America 43 million inhabitants shanghai
America 43 million inhabitants shanghai
America 43 million inhabitants shanghai nanjing han xue 64 66 million
nanjing han xue 64 66 million
nanjing han xue 64 66 million inhabitants so they are mega city
inhabitants so they are mega city
inhabitants so they are mega city regions and there are many others in the
regions and there are many others in the
regions and there are many others in the world
world
world what is also possible to see is that we
what is also possible to see is that we
what is also possible to see is that we also live in a mega city region because
also live in a mega city region because
also live in a mega city region because between Venice and to Rina and Bologna
between Venice and to Rina and Bologna
between Venice and to Rina and Bologna we are
we are
we are more or less at the center there is
more or less at the center there is
more or less at the center there is Milan we have more or less 30 million
Milan we have more or less 30 million
Milan we have more or less 30 million inhabitants but the interesting thing is
inhabitants but the interesting thing is
inhabitants but the interesting thing is that we thought a few years ago that
that we thought a few years ago that
that we thought a few years ago that with internet we could the worker
with internet we could the worker
with internet we could the worker wherever we wanted we could buy
wherever we wanted we could buy
wherever we wanted we could buy everything from far we could even don’t
everything from far we could even don’t
everything from far we could even don’t need to meet the friends because we are
need to meet the friends because we are
need to meet the friends because we are on Facebook and we can interact with
on Facebook and we can interact with
on Facebook and we can interact with them at distance but on the end of this
them at distance but on the end of this
them at distance but on the end of this this hasn’t been true so we still need
this hasn’t been true so we still need
this hasn’t been true so we still need to meet our friends we still need to
to meet our friends we still need to
to meet our friends we still need to work with other colleagues we still need
work with other colleagues we still need
work with other colleagues we still need to be with others and this map is quite
to be with others and this map is quite
to be with others and this map is quite interesting because it’s a map of
interesting because it’s a map of
interesting because it’s a map of Facebook and you see that in this map it
Facebook and you see that in this map it
Facebook and you see that in this map it is very similar to the map of the cities
is very similar to the map of the cities
is very similar to the map of the cities and so it is a very much possible to
and so it is a very much possible to
and so it is a very much possible to understand that internet and physical
understand that internet and physical
understand that internet and physical interactions are reinforcing each other
interactions are reinforcing each other
interactions are reinforcing each other are not alternative but also there is
are not alternative but also there is
are not alternative but also there is another way of looking at this kind of
another way of looking at this kind of
another way of looking at this kind of urbanization of the planet and it is the
urbanization of the planet and it is the
urbanization of the planet and it is the fact that there are some colleagues of
fact that there are some colleagues of
fact that there are some colleagues of ours nil blenheim Angada but say there
ours nil blenheim Angada but say there
ours nil blenheim Angada but say there is a process of planetary urbanization
is a process of planetary urbanization
is a process of planetary urbanization so all the planet is somehow serve in
so all the planet is somehow serve in
so all the planet is somehow serve in the urban because we have skies which
the urban because we have skies which
the urban because we have skies which are populated by area routes and
are populated by area routes and
are populated by area routes and satellites we have oceans which are
satellites we have oceans which are
satellites we have oceans which are crossed by cables and naval routes we
crossed by cables and naval routes we
crossed by cables and naval routes we have pipelines bringing us and oil to
have pipelines bringing us and oil to
have pipelines bringing us and oil to the citizen everything is directly to
the citizen everything is directly to
the citizen everything is directly to the prosperity of the city and and for
the prosperity of the city and and for
the prosperity of the city and and for the and for the life of the city and
the and for the life of the city and
the and for the life of the city and these are the cables which crosses the
these are the cables which crosses the
these are the cables which crosses the oceans but in addition to responding to
oceans but in addition to responding to
oceans but in addition to responding to this aspiration to go to the city there
this aspiration to go to the city there
this aspiration to go to the city there are a number of reasons functional
are a number of reasons functional
are a number of reasons functional reasons why overcrowding is also
reasons why overcrowding is also
reasons why overcrowding is also producing some kind of interesting thing
producing some kind of interesting thing
producing some kind of interesting thing for the population of course in the mass
for the population of course in the mass
for the population of course in the mass concentration of population high level
concentration of population high level
concentration of population high level commercial services are naturally
commercial services are naturally
commercial services are naturally developing we have cultural services an
developing we have cultural services an
developing we have cultural services an art institution which are based on
art institution which are based on
art institution which are based on cities because they need a wider
cities because they need a wider
cities because they need a wider catchment area we have a professional
catchment area we have a professional
catchment area we have a professional advisory services which are in cities
advisory services which are in cities
advisory services which are in cities because they wanted to be closer to mass
because they wanted to be closer to mass
because they wanted to be closer to mass of population and firms which are their
of population and firms which are their
of population and firms which are their clients we can see research in higher
clients we can see research in higher
clients we can see research in higher education this is a map of universities
education this is a map of universities
education this is a map of universities and of the relations among the
and of the relations among the
and of the relations among the universities and again you see that it
universities and again you see that it
universities and again you see that it looks very much like the image of the
looks very much like the image of the
looks very much like the image of the cities but then of course there is a
cities but then of course there is a
cities but then of course there is a concentration of businesses of
concentration of businesses of
concentration of businesses of headquarters of the most important
headquarters of the most important
headquarters of the most important industries and you see in these red dots
industries and you see in these red dots
industries and you see in these red dots of the most important global cities in
of the most important global cities in
of the most important global cities in the world and they their interaction but
the world and they their interaction but
the world and they their interaction but I think that there is not only the
I think that there is not only the
I think that there is not only the single functional reason which are
single functional reason which are
single functional reason which are important it is a de combination of all
important it is a de combination of all
important it is a de combination of all these reasons which are creating a kind
these reasons which are creating a kind
these reasons which are creating a kind of media because industry close to art
of media because industry close to art
of media because industry close to art as we are doing today and the creative
as we are doing today and the creative
as we are doing today and the creative activities close to science and and
activities close to science and and
activities close to science and and research are creating Emilia which is
research are creating Emilia which is
research are creating Emilia which is becoming a creative media and it is in
becoming a creative media and it is in
becoming a creative media and it is in relation with the multiple network of
relation with the multiple network of
relation with the multiple network of connections throughout the world so
connections throughout the world so
connections throughout the world so cities are also accelerating the
cities are also accelerating the
cities are also accelerating the distribution of innovation this map is
distribution of innovation this map is
distribution of innovation this map is quite interesting is that’s been
quite interesting is that’s been
quite interesting is that’s been produced by The Economist and it is how
produced by The Economist and it is how
produced by The Economist and it is how many years did pass from when an
many years did pass from when an
many years did pass from when an invention arrived to the moment in which
invention arrived to the moment in which
invention arrived to the moment in which one quarter of the American population
one quarter of the American population
one quarter of the American population use of the invention so electricity 46
use of the invention so electricity 46
use of the invention so electricity 46 years telephone 35 years of radio 31
years telephone 35 years of radio 31
years telephone 35 years of radio 31 television 26 PC 16 mobile phone 13 the
television 26 PC 16 mobile phone 13 the
television 26 PC 16 mobile phone 13 the web 7 and if you go on probably in the
web 7 and if you go on probably in the
web 7 and if you go on probably in the recent invention in the software area
recent invention in the software area
recent invention in the software area the time is even shorter but the blue
the time is even shorter but the blue
the time is even shorter but the blue line is showing to as the process of
line is showing to as the process of
line is showing to as the process of urbanization so we started here with
urbanization so we started here with
urbanization so we started here with less than 10% of the population of the
less than 10% of the population of the
less than 10% of the population of the world which was urban and now we are
world which was urban and now we are
world which was urban and now we are about a 60% of the world population
about a 60% of the world population
about a 60% of the world population which is urban okay so we can conclude
which is urban okay so we can conclude
which is urban okay so we can conclude that not only cities will not die
that not only cities will not die
that not only cities will not die because there is internet but also that
because there is internet but also that
because there is internet but also that internet helps the
internet helps the
internet helps the centration of the overcrowding in cities
centration of the overcrowding in cities
centration of the overcrowding in cities because it gives some multiple reasons
because it gives some multiple reasons
because it gives some multiple reasons for meeting as I said because it spreads
for meeting as I said because it spreads
for meeting as I said because it spreads information about the life of cities and
information about the life of cities and
information about the life of cities and because it governance increasingly
because it governance increasingly
because it governance increasingly sophisticated system this is just an
sophisticated system this is just an
sophisticated system this is just an image of the control system of the Metro
image of the control system of the Metro
image of the control system of the Metro of Tokyo and you see how complicated it
of Tokyo and you see how complicated it
of Tokyo and you see how complicated it is but we have a similar things for
is but we have a similar things for
is but we have a similar things for managing all the kind of utilities from
managing all the kind of utilities from
managing all the kind of utilities from Gaza to see well to everything else
Gaza to see well to everything else
Gaza to see well to everything else until when there is something like last
until when there is something like last
until when there is something like last week here in Milan a small puppy dog
week here in Milan a small puppy dog
week here in Milan a small puppy dog enter into the tunnel of the metro
enter into the tunnel of the metro
enter into the tunnel of the metro system and everything collapse so
system and everything collapse so
system and everything collapse so thousands of people have been forced to
thousands of people have been forced to
thousands of people have been forced to to go buy buy food because of the metro
to go buy buy food because of the metro
to go buy buy food because of the metro line collapses and so we have to
line collapses and so we have to
line collapses and so we have to understand the how complicate and
understand the how complicate and
understand the how complicate and sophisticated is the system of control
sophisticated is the system of control
sophisticated is the system of control of our cities and it’s very astonishing
of our cities and it’s very astonishing
of our cities and it’s very astonishing that every day of every year it works
that every day of every year it works
that every day of every year it works quite smoothly how even if it is are so
quite smoothly how even if it is are so
quite smoothly how even if it is are so complicated but of course we have also
complicated but of course we have also
complicated but of course we have also disadvantages of the concentration and
disadvantages of the concentration and
disadvantages of the concentration and of course this is a this is a very
of course this is a this is a very
of course this is a this is a very important element because there are many
important element because there are many
important element because there are many positive advantages of the concentration
positive advantages of the concentration
positive advantages of the concentration but there are also disadvantages one of
but there are also disadvantages one of
but there are also disadvantages one of them one of the most popular kind of
them one of the most popular kind of
them one of the most popular kind of problem is a congestion of the traffic
problem is a congestion of the traffic
problem is a congestion of the traffic but also the limited access to to
but also the limited access to to
but also the limited access to to natural space we know that we live in
natural space we know that we live in
natural space we know that we live in cities which are stone city cities of
cities which are stone city cities of
cities which are stone city cities of stone and and we have problems in adding
stone and and we have problems in adding
stone and and we have problems in adding access to to green space we have a great
access to to green space we have a great
access to to green space we have a great pollution in cities particularly in some
pollution in cities particularly in some
pollution in cities particularly in some part of the word pollution is becoming a
part of the word pollution is becoming a
part of the word pollution is becoming a great problem but we also know that
great problem but we also know that
great problem but we also know that cities were the 2% of the surface of the
cities were the 2% of the surface of the
cities were the 2% of the surface of the planet is producing the 70% of the
planet is producing the 70% of the
planet is producing the 70% of the greenhouse gases which is something
greenhouse gases which is something
greenhouse gases which is something really incredible on the one end but
really incredible on the one end but
really incredible on the one end but this is really a great problem and also
this is really a great problem and also
this is really a great problem and also we produce a lot of waste and we know in
we produce a lot of waste and we know in
we produce a lot of waste and we know in Italy how many cities are problems in
Italy how many cities are problems in
Italy how many cities are problems in managing the waste and waste are
managing the waste and waste are
managing the waste and waste are producing the pollution again that are
producing the pollution again that are
producing the pollution again that are producing :
producing :
producing : zatia of areas which are far away from
zatia of areas which are far away from
zatia of areas which are far away from cities and are creating some problems
cities and are creating some problems
cities and are creating some problems and also I have to say that cities are
and also I have to say that cities are
and also I have to say that cities are also the places of the stronger
also the places of the stronger
also the places of the stronger polarization and the stronger individual
polarization and the stronger individual
polarization and the stronger individual suffering because the breakdown of the
suffering because the breakdown of the
suffering because the breakdown of the traditional kind of relations into
traditional kind of relations into
traditional kind of relations into cities which have become larger and
cities which have become larger and
cities which have become larger and larger like in the mega city regions
larger like in the mega city regions
larger like in the mega city regions I’ve been talking about creating
I’ve been talking about creating
I’ve been talking about creating situations in which should be
situations in which should be
situations in which should be psychiatric diseases are more than in
psychiatric diseases are more than in
psychiatric diseases are more than in another part of the of the planet and
another part of the of the planet and
another part of the of the planet and also individual suffering therefore all
also individual suffering therefore all
also individual suffering therefore all people alone in the city because they
people alone in the city because they
people alone in the city because they are not they are not protected but
are not they are not protected but
are not they are not protected but particularly important which is what I
particularly important which is what I
particularly important which is what I wanted to communicate with this image on
wanted to communicate with this image on
wanted to communicate with this image on the left hand side is the polarization
the left hand side is the polarization
the left hand side is the polarization so a stronger and stronger polarization
so a stronger and stronger polarization
so a stronger and stronger polarization between the richest which become richer
between the richest which become richer
between the richest which become richer and richer Innes particularly in cities
and richer Innes particularly in cities
and richer Innes particularly in cities because of their they find the
because of their they find the
because of their they find the opportunities and the poorest which
opportunities and the poorest which
opportunities and the poorest which become poorest and and poor poorer and
become poorest and and poor poorer and
become poorest and and poor poorer and poorer another great problem we’re
poorer another great problem we’re
poorer another great problem we’re dealing with is mass migration migration
dealing with is mass migration migration
dealing with is mass migration migration is directed mainly toward cities which
is directed mainly toward cities which
is directed mainly toward cities which can offer job opportunities and cities
can offer job opportunities and cities
can offer job opportunities and cities particularly in the northern part of the
particularly in the northern part of the
particularly in the northern part of the world are not able yet to to deal in a
world are not able yet to to deal in a
world are not able yet to to deal in a proper way with this this big problem
proper way with this this big problem
proper way with this this big problem and finally we had to learn that cities
and finally we had to learn that cities
and finally we had to learn that cities are also the objective of the terrorist
are also the objective of the terrorist
are also the objective of the terrorist attacks
attacks
attacks so because of concentration because of
so because of concentration because of
so because of concentration because of overcrowding terrorists are trying to to
overcrowding terrorists are trying to to
overcrowding terrorists are trying to to aim at cities in order to to produce as
aim at cities in order to to produce as
aim at cities in order to to produce as many victims as they can okay
many victims as they can okay
many victims as they can okay but now my final question is the
but now my final question is the
but now my final question is the concentration able as it has been able
concentration able as it has been able
concentration able as it has been able to produce also many positive effects
to produce also many positive effects
to produce also many positive effects that are attracting a lot of people is
that are attracting a lot of people is
that are attracting a lot of people is the concentration able to also to solve
the concentration able to also to solve
the concentration able to also to solve the problems we are facing I think that
the problems we are facing I think that
the problems we are facing I think that there are some science that we are going
there are some science that we are going
there are some science that we are going in this direction I just put some of
in this direction I just put some of
in this direction I just put some of them here so in many cities even Los
them here so in many cities even Los
them here so in many cities even Los Angeles that in the
Angeles that in the
Angeles that in the password just a car city they are now
password just a car city they are now
password just a car city they are now developing a very important message
developing a very important message
developing a very important message transporter system we have car sharing
transporter system we have car sharing
transporter system we have car sharing bike sharing and any kind of new
bike sharing and any kind of new
bike sharing and any kind of new innovative ways of using the the
innovative ways of using the the
innovative ways of using the the vehicles that allow to diminish con
vehicles that allow to diminish con
vehicles that allow to diminish con congestion electric cars in particular
congestion electric cars in particular
congestion electric cars in particular can can diminish also pollution we know
can can diminish also pollution we know
can can diminish also pollution we know that there are buildings that instead of
that there are buildings that instead of
that there are buildings that instead of consuming a lot of energy they can
consuming a lot of energy they can
consuming a lot of energy they can produce energy the solar map of the
produce energy the solar map of the
produce energy the solar map of the roofs of New York is able to sustain the
roofs of New York is able to sustain the
roofs of New York is able to sustain the energy need of the entire city we have
energy need of the entire city we have
energy need of the entire city we have cities that have become champion in
cities that have become champion in
cities that have become champion in recycling all the waste and are able not
recycling all the waste and are able not
recycling all the waste and are able not well not to produce any waste anymore we
well not to produce any waste anymore we
well not to produce any waste anymore we know that there is a rediscovery of
know that there is a rediscovery of
know that there is a rediscovery of greener and of urban agriculture which
greener and of urban agriculture which
greener and of urban agriculture which is another another very important point
is another another very important point
is another another very important point because it is the link to to
because it is the link to to
because it is the link to to concentration and overcrowding because
concentration and overcrowding because
concentration and overcrowding because farmers can go into the city and can
farmers can go into the city and can
farmers can go into the city and can sell their products and also there are
sell their products and also there are
sell their products and also there are social movements the therapy are able to
social movements the therapy are able to
social movements the therapy are able to reactor to the the difficult ways in
reactor to the the difficult ways in
reactor to the the difficult ways in which we can deal with the the most
which we can deal with the the most
which we can deal with the the most important social problems that this was
important social problems that this was
important social problems that this was what happened last Saturday in Milan I
what happened last Saturday in Milan I
what happened last Saturday in Milan I saw a manifestation in order to welcome
saw a manifestation in order to welcome
saw a manifestation in order to welcome immigrants instead of pushing them out
immigrants instead of pushing them out
immigrants instead of pushing them out and also we know that in cities there
and also we know that in cities there
and also we know that in cities there are the creation of movements which are
are the creation of movements which are
are the creation of movements which are fighting against inequalities Occupy
fighting against inequalities Occupy
fighting against inequalities Occupy Wall Street or the in matters in Puerta
Wall Street or the in matters in Puerta
Wall Street or the in matters in Puerta del Sol but also the movements which
del Sol but also the movements which
del Sol but also the movements which have been able to react to the terrorist
have been able to react to the terrorist
have been able to react to the terrorist attack so to create some stronger
attack so to create some stronger
attack so to create some stronger solidarity in order to react to this
solidarity in order to react to this
solidarity in order to react to this kind of threats and I think that this
kind of threats and I think that this
kind of threats and I think that this can help can help our reaction and can
can help can help our reaction and can
can help can help our reaction and can be only in cities because of the
be only in cities because of the
be only in cities because of the concentration and we know that many of
concentration and we know that many of
concentration and we know that many of these movements have been starting in
these movements have been starting in
these movements have been starting in the internet in the web
the internet in the web
the internet in the web and then they have to land in the city
and then they have to land in the city
and then they have to land in the city in order to become transformative in
in order to become transformative in
in order to become transformative in order to become something which is able
order to become something which is able
order to become something which is able really to transform our society so to
really to transform our society so to
really to transform our society so to conclude cities are are the result of
conclude cities are are the result of
conclude cities are are the result of concentration of people companies
concentration of people companies
concentration of people companies information and infrastructure and they
information and infrastructure and they
information and infrastructure and they will continue to attract because they
will continue to attract because they
will continue to attract because they are responsible of a number of needs
are responsible of a number of needs
are responsible of a number of needs which are very important primary and
which are very important primary and
which are very important primary and secondary needs and in doing so they are
secondary needs and in doing so they are
secondary needs and in doing so they are also creating a number of problems which
also creating a number of problems which
also creating a number of problems which are not only problems of cities the most
are not only problems of cities the most
are not only problems of cities the most important thing is that these problems
important thing is that these problems
important thing is that these problems are planetary problems climate change
are planetary problems climate change
are planetary problems climate change environmental degradation social
environmental degradation social
environmental degradation social inequalities war which is mirrored by
inequalities war which is mirrored by
inequalities war which is mirrored by the terrorist attack this is something
the terrorist attack this is something
the terrorist attack this is something that we live in the city but they are
that we live in the city but they are
that we live in the city but they are only part of problems which are
only part of problems which are
only part of problems which are planetary problems so what can we do I
planetary problems so what can we do I
planetary problems so what can we do I think we have to encourage of the
think we have to encourage of the
think we have to encourage of the science of innovation we should try to
science of innovation we should try to
science of innovation we should try to use the strength that has been able to
use the strength that has been able to
use the strength that has been able to enable the the economic development of
enable the the economic development of
enable the the economic development of cities and the continuous capacity to
cities and the continuous capacity to
cities and the continuous capacity to offer the writer to the city to many
offer the writer to the city to many
offer the writer to the city to many people but also we have to direct this
people but also we have to direct this
people but also we have to direct this kind of energy towards environmental and
kind of energy towards environmental and
kind of energy towards environmental and social problems this do not does not
social problems this do not does not
social problems this do not does not happen spontaneously this requires the
happen spontaneously this requires the
happen spontaneously this requires the mobilisation of governments but also the
mobilisation of governments but also the
mobilisation of governments but also the mobilization of civil society and the
mobilization of civil society and the
mobilization of civil society and the mobilisation of citizens because and
mobilisation of citizens because and
mobilisation of citizens because and this is my last quote from Jane Jacobs
this is my last quote from Jane Jacobs
this is my last quote from Jane Jacobs which is a famous urbanist cities have
which is a famous urbanist cities have
which is a famous urbanist cities have the capacity to provide in something for
the capacity to provide in something for
the capacity to provide in something for everybody
everybody
everybody only because and only when they are
only because and only when they are
only because and only when they are created by everybody thank you
created by everybody thank you
created by everybody thank you you
”
Be First to Comment