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Biodiversité : Dépendants et solidaires? | Laurent Debas | TEDxAix


[Music]

hello I bring you a little fish

this fish is a girel of us

reaches 2 Juli singers and this little

fish I wanted to bring because they

change sex and yes there are some

fish that change sex and then he

are specialists in the change of

sex of the fish I’m part of my

kids a field of study it was the

grouper because the rhythm the grouper they

change sex or if they change

first females sex badly then

like the girelle we could say we

could simply say that the

grouper becomes the grouper and that the

girelle becomes urgent irène and for

those of you who consume

bream and well aware that the sea bream

sky changes sex but in the other

sense they emanate first hurts and

so we could say that sea ​​bream

becomes the doral then if I tell you

all this is just to express a

billionth of that biodiversity

we reserve as surprises as

solution as a source of wonder

and as hope

so when I decided to talk to you

of diversity tonight done today

more than I told myself I have a small

little thought it happens to me time in

time and I go girl how com

how to get this dabio idea

diversity and I propose a small

exercise of reflection on us as

one and then transposition afterwards

so I’m going to ask audrey to me

join on stage good I would like

gifts

audrey do you know what

species you belong to homo sapiens

bravo so audrey is again this

breaks like the little mermaid and 1

corrects high school mont miroux

epinephelus microdon is what for

as much as it tells us they have

would not really like so we’re going

try to know a little bit more and

if you look at audrey ben I see

first one that’s a new sapiens

a priori female brassus when

even finally finally number it’s not a

girel good that she is brunette she has

green eyes she has some

dress style good voila but that

does not say much more about audrey

so we’ll try to find out a little bit

more audrey is what you see what you

screw to carry-the-wheel

you work in what areas the

human resources and you work in

team

yes do you like to travel a love

abroad perfume or general and at

mali bravo do you cook

yes you eat organic or not bio

preference

you listen to classical music from

quite chaotic rap rock and then the

Sunday morning you make fat

morning

stop stop stop we’ll stop there

will not go into the intimate life

of audrey but what I wanted you

show by that is that what is

defined audrey are no longer these

relationships to the outside world like

is that after a species is so so

I had the fatal power so if

indeed we had to represent his

links to the outside world and well what

would be thousands of sons who will leave

of audrey as so many links sharing

vis-à-vis the ecosystem in which

she lives but it would also be

thousands of sons who would come to

audrey as so many sources for 6

reggae and feed on life and if

I had the fatal power actually

to make audrey disappear at once

magic wand

then at that moment these are

all of these links that would be

completely broken and who

would destabilize the ecosystem see the

would completely upset me

thank

so you live today the

sixth phase of extinction of species

on earth

unlike the previous five

she is considered to be a thousand

times superior to others and especially

it is entirely due to the activities

human or heard four is very

mainly due to the activities

so what does that mean

means that the bad news is

that we are responsible

and the good news is that we

are responsible and so that one

can act on it so we will not get

telling stories is not easy

but it’s not lost,

that’s what we will try to see

together through some examples

that I chose to show you that

no we’re going off first off the

canada on the big world newfoundland and

on this great newfoundland world during

years for all 20th century on

to fish the cod the cod to remember

for some of you cod the

cod is the same thing we talk about cod

wise board is salty or black

in upstream jean brandade and of

cod they have it’s true or where

frozen but it’s the same fish

fished at 800 thousand tons of

cod on the bench to nine it’s just

colossal to give you an idea what

that represents

if today we cumulate what the

French fishing produce in France

metropolitan in dom tom

aquaculture shellfish farming the

soft fishing we can not 708

prevent it 800 thousand tons on a site

and one species is colossal

and then in 70 what happened

there were first alerts the

catches began to fall and the

Canadian government began to

to take measures not enough and

so in 91 he decided to close

totally cod fishing is

therefore to establish what is called a

moratorium

twenty-five years after the cod is

still not handed out so why the

low floor because we sinned too much

that’s sure and certain but it’s

especially because we have completely

reversed the cycle of things

in fact the cod asa seen she had seen

come the blow and started to

to reproduce more and more young is

what a lot of fish do when

there is an operating pressure but

in doing so the phrase leeds is less

in two smaller sizes

agile and its texts it’s like that

a spiral of extinction snaps

and the cod is like the haddock was

rushed on this area will consume

a lot of small fish too there

was a lot of there is an ecosystem

extremely rich and well these little

cod today have become the

prey to small fish that eat

I used to be angry and it’s like

that we completely reversed the

course of things

so we hear here or there today

that yes the love had maybe is in

train back in ac small signs

that suggest that but nothing

nothing of course but what we have

forgot to say that at the time there is

thirty thousand jobs that have been

destroyed is that there are villages

whole were devastated

whole families ravaged by the

unemployment and that down to earth as

at sea life went away so I

sense that I have a little lead

the atmosphere there I’m going to spend on

positive things and we’ll go see

this time we’re going to the ocean

austral and we’re going to have an animal

fantastic

he’s called the emperor penguin on

the crozet archipelago and more

precisely on the island of

possession on the company’s feet

cross one of the biggest sleeves

third of the world

I’m shooting there, you’ll live

monchels finally where they come from

reproduce in this case and the penguin

Emperor is a fantastic animal

it’s a bird that does not fly in

the air but flies in the water to make

simple he will feed himself

very far from the island of

possession 300 km away it will be

feed on squid and fish

are 200 meters deep so

you imagine the journey to go

feed them to feed on a forehead

polar the polar front it’s

the confrontation of Antarctic waters and

sub- Antarctic waters

these are usually zones of

friction that are very very conducive to

life so to riches and so to the

food

the male and the female take turns to

hatching the egg

and when one convent the ofs the other

parent feeding at sea

two weeks before the outbreak of

little chick is the female who is

go and she’s going away she goes the

look for food the problem

is that the polar front it

move it’s times it’s not up to

300 km it is 600 km

because of another phenomenon that is

goes into the south pacific which

is called el niño so is the return

is uncertain and the date of return is

uncertain

and there we realized that the evil

was able this is the female was

not come back in time to regurgitate at

his young chick a food he

had ingested three weeks ago

he had kept in his stomach 38

degrees celsius in perfect condition

retention

it’s still a pretty discovery

amazing and so the researchers the

in fact these discoveries have

certainly go much further and have

discovered that the penguin produce a

molecule that is stressing is and who

was destroying the bacteria of the

digestion to be able to keep this

food at 38 degrees in his

stomach to feed his little one so at

beyond the extraordinary life of this

fantastic animal

we can see that nature invents

permanence of solutions for itself

and that these same solutions they

can be used by man

why because today these

discoveries and well they give rise

to measures that are being taken and

this molecule is today

used to fight against

nosocomial diseases and in particular

staphylococci

it will be used also probably

to be able to preserve food

in conditions where we have not

access to the cold so it’s exciting

and that’s where the convoy reserves it to

Possibility holdings that we offer

the possible biodiversity

to continue on we will go on the

mont saint michel

so we will get closer to our shores

and this mount saint michel which is

world famous he is surrounded by

salt marsh and salt marsh his meadows

salty are known for its agriculture

it’s up to us from your rooms and

these calves from your rooms and who are

very very good and but the swamps of

saleh was less known

it houses a time called the water

bubbling this tent is there she

seemed to be of little interest

ecological

and then we actually realized

that this plant when it takes shape

when she dies she produces 36 tons

per hectare per year of material

dry by comparison one hectare of

maize made 10 to 12 tonnes per hectare

and by year and in addition it is necessary to bring

200 kg of nitrogen fertilizer to get there

and this organic matter and well he

will be digested by little ones

crustaceans by bacteria

she’s going to go to Mount Bay

saint michel will fertilize zones

there will be some phytoplankton that has

pushed and we’re going like that

produce in this sold mount bay

Saint Michel 10 to 12 tons during

ten thousand tons of oysters and 6000

tons of mussels but that’s not all

because in fact we will continue to

break down its swamps which are very

regularly covered by the

tide and well will allow the little

bard and small mula who live in

these waters come to feed for

their first year and said to find 90%

their growth needs

it is to say if a plant which at the beginning

was not necessarily very

interesting and well present actually

a major ecological interest is

responsible for a whole cycle that is

extremely virtuous so what is it

our link to biodiversity our

link to biodiversity it’s simple

it’s dependent and solidary all

simply because we are we in

are part and

indissociable then if we want

continue to amaze us

the history of the mountain cho of the small

girel de montpeyroux and for those

of you who are proof authors

was going to dive on the reefs

coral so I believe I believe and I

am really intimately convinced like

he wrote felix antoine savard is a

Quebec priest writer

we have a lot better to do than

worry about the future we have

poorly prepared that’s what we do

every day with my beautiful team and

other teams around the world

but for that we need you because

that we are all concerned and this

will be like that we will be able to achieve

Thank you

”

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