[Music] extreme weather events have been making
extreme weather events have been making
extreme weather events have been making headlines on a regular basis and a
headlines on a regular basis and a
headlines on a regular basis and a discussion on what is causing them
discussion on what is causing them
discussion on what is causing them unavoidably brings the thorny issue of
unavoidably brings the thorny issue of
unavoidably brings the thorny issue of climate change back to center stage
climate change back to center stage
climate change back to center stage welcome to watchmojo.com –nt we’re
welcome to watchmojo.com –nt we’re
welcome to watchmojo.com –nt we’re counting down ten crucial facts you
counting down ten crucial facts you
counting down ten crucial facts you should know about extreme weather number
should know about extreme weather number
should know about extreme weather number ten what is global warming climate
ten what is global warming climate
ten what is global warming climate change is a shift in long-term averages
change is a shift in long-term averages
change is a shift in long-term averages for weather patterns in the Earth’s
for weather patterns in the Earth’s
for weather patterns in the Earth’s climate system it also refers to
climate system it also refers to
climate system it also refers to isolated but severe deviations from
isolated but severe deviations from
isolated but severe deviations from weather averages usually called extreme
weather averages usually called extreme
weather averages usually called extreme weather events for example snowfall in
weather events for example snowfall in
weather events for example snowfall in Boston during the winter of 2015
Boston during the winter of 2015
Boston during the winter of 2015 reached 76 inches by February you can’t
reached 76 inches by February you can’t
reached 76 inches by February you can’t see anything this morning this blizzard
see anything this morning this blizzard
see anything this morning this blizzard is dropping visibilities down to near
is dropping visibilities down to near
is dropping visibilities down to near zero at times and it shows no signs of
zero at times and it shows no signs of
zero at times and it shows no signs of letting up compared with their normal
letting up compared with their normal
letting up compared with their normal winter average of 31 inches this could
winter average of 31 inches this could
winter average of 31 inches this could be labeled an extreme weather event a
be labeled an extreme weather event a
be labeled an extreme weather event a main indicator of climate change is
main indicator of climate change is
main indicator of climate change is global warming an increase in average
global warming an increase in average
global warming an increase in average global surface temperatures one cause of
global surface temperatures one cause of
global surface temperatures one cause of global warming is a change in the
global warming is a change in the
global warming is a change in the Earth’s atmospheric composition to
Earth’s atmospheric composition to
Earth’s atmospheric composition to include more greenhouse gases like
include more greenhouse gases like
include more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide these naturally occurring
carbon dioxide these naturally occurring
carbon dioxide these naturally occurring gases have been pushed to have normally
gases have been pushed to have normally
gases have been pushed to have normally high levels since the beginning of the
high levels since the beginning of the
high levels since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution according to a
Industrial Revolution according to a
Industrial Revolution according to a United Nations Intergovernmental Panel
United Nations Intergovernmental Panel
United Nations Intergovernmental Panel for climate change global surface
for climate change global surface
for climate change global surface temperature and atmospheric carbon
temperature and atmospheric carbon
temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels in recent times are
dioxide levels in recent times are
dioxide levels in recent times are unprecedented when compared to previous
unprecedented when compared to previous
unprecedented when compared to previous millennia number 9 is global warming a
millennia number 9 is global warming a
millennia number 9 is global warming a real issue
real issue
real issue the main contention in the debate on
the main contention in the debate on
the main contention in the debate on climate change is whether it is actually
climate change is whether it is actually
climate change is whether it is actually caused by human activity an assertion
caused by human activity an assertion
caused by human activity an assertion which scientists have agreed upon
which scientists have agreed upon
which scientists have agreed upon however Earth’s climate has changed many
however Earth’s climate has changed many
however Earth’s climate has changed many times throughout its history before
times throughout its history before
times throughout its history before human activity played a role notably
human activity played a role notably
human activity played a role notably there have been numerous glacial periods
there have been numerous glacial periods
there have been numerous glacial periods or ice ages the potential for natural
or ice ages the potential for natural
or ice ages the potential for natural global warming has led to a small
global warming has led to a small
global warming has led to a small minority in the scientific community
minority in the scientific community
minority in the scientific community denying human-caused global warming or
denying human-caused global warming or
denying human-caused global warming or disputing its negative consequences you
disputing its negative consequences you
disputing its negative consequences you can pick out
can pick out
can pick out particular skeptics but you can’t really
particular skeptics but you can’t really
particular skeptics but you can’t really say can you that the the hundreds of
say can you that the the hundreds of
say can you that the the hundreds of scientists around the world who have
scientists around the world who have
scientists around the world who have looked at this have gotten together and
looked at this have gotten together and
looked at this have gotten together and conspired to manipulate data the global
conspired to manipulate data the global
conspired to manipulate data the global economy is dependent on the consumption
economy is dependent on the consumption
economy is dependent on the consumption of fossil fuels such as oil which is a
of fossil fuels such as oil which is a
of fossil fuels such as oil which is a leading cause of increased atmospheric
leading cause of increased atmospheric
leading cause of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide thus any attempt to
carbon dioxide thus any attempt to
carbon dioxide thus any attempt to mitigate global warming through reducing
mitigate global warming through reducing
mitigate global warming through reducing greenhouse gas emissions would pose a
greenhouse gas emissions would pose a
greenhouse gas emissions would pose a significant threat to economic
significant threat to economic
significant threat to economic performance there is a major global
performance there is a major global
performance there is a major global divided over whether the developed or
divided over whether the developed or
divided over whether the developed or the developing world should shoulder
the developing world should shoulder
the developing world should shoulder these economic burdens and whether the
these economic burdens and whether the
these economic burdens and whether the economic sacrifices are worth any
economic sacrifices are worth any
economic sacrifices are worth any potential benefit to the environment
potential benefit to the environment
potential benefit to the environment number eight how dangerous can extreme
number eight how dangerous can extreme
number eight how dangerous can extreme weather be the future impact of extreme
weather be the future impact of extreme
weather be the future impact of extreme weather stemming from climate change
weather stemming from climate change
weather stemming from climate change will vary around the world according to
will vary around the world according to
will vary around the world according to the United States Environmental
the United States Environmental
the United States Environmental Protection Agency warmer average global
Protection Agency warmer average global
Protection Agency warmer average global temperatures will likely lead to more
temperatures will likely lead to more
temperatures will likely lead to more intense longer and more frequent heat
intense longer and more frequent heat
intense longer and more frequent heat waves causing droughts that will
waves causing droughts that will
waves causing droughts that will adversely affect agricultural production
adversely affect agricultural production
adversely affect agricultural production most prominently extreme precipitation
most prominently extreme precipitation
most prominently extreme precipitation events are projected to increase
events are projected to increase
events are projected to increase globally as is the severity of tropical
globally as is the severity of tropical
globally as is the severity of tropical storms the impact that Hurricane Katrina
storms the impact that Hurricane Katrina
storms the impact that Hurricane Katrina had on New Orleans in 2005 is an example
had on New Orleans in 2005 is an example
had on New Orleans in 2005 is an example of the devastation such weather events
of the devastation such weather events
of the devastation such weather events can cause the UN’s Meteorological
can cause the UN’s Meteorological
can cause the UN’s Meteorological Organization stated that the beginning
Organization stated that the beginning
Organization stated that the beginning of 2014 saw an unusual number of extreme
of 2014 saw an unusual number of extreme
of 2014 saw an unusual number of extreme weather events from heat waves in
weather events from heat waves in
weather events from heat waves in Slovenia and Australia to temperatures
Slovenia and Australia to temperatures
Slovenia and Australia to temperatures in Russia and the Arctic being ten
in Russia and the Arctic being ten
in Russia and the Arctic being ten degrees Celsius above average Britain
degrees Celsius above average Britain
degrees Celsius above average Britain experienced its wettest winter in more
experienced its wettest winter in more
experienced its wettest winter in more than a century during this time frame
than a century during this time frame
than a century during this time frame and the southern hemisphere its hottest
and the southern hemisphere its hottest
and the southern hemisphere its hottest year ever recorded number seven what is
year ever recorded number seven what is
year ever recorded number seven what is the current weather situation in North
the current weather situation in North
the current weather situation in North America a series of for severe blizzards
America a series of for severe blizzards
America a series of for severe blizzards inundated the northeastern United States
inundated the northeastern United States
inundated the northeastern United States beginning in November 2014 accompanied
beginning in November 2014 accompanied
beginning in November 2014 accompanied by extreme cold February 2015 saw parts
by extreme cold February 2015 saw parts
by extreme cold February 2015 saw parts of California and other parts of the
of California and other parts of the
of California and other parts of the West Coast hit with heavy rainfall which
West Coast hit with heavy rainfall which
West Coast hit with heavy rainfall which caused landslides and flooding an area
caused landslides and flooding an area
caused landslides and flooding an area that was hit particularly hard by record
that was hit particularly hard by record
that was hit particularly hard by record snowfall was New England with some
snowfall was New England with some
snowfall was New England with some cities being slowly strangled by over
cities being slowly strangled by over
cities being slowly strangled by over ten
ten
ten of snow as the snow moves further south
of snow as the snow moves further south
of snow as the snow moves further south unprepared states will face freezing
unprepared states will face freezing
unprepared states will face freezing rain snow and sleet with some declaring
rain snow and sleet with some declaring
rain snow and sleet with some declaring states of emergency over a month before
states of emergency over a month before
states of emergency over a month before the official beginning of spring cities
the official beginning of spring cities
the official beginning of spring cities and civilians were bracing for more
and civilians were bracing for more
and civilians were bracing for more winter weather across the south nearly
winter weather across the south nearly
winter weather across the south nearly half a million people still without
half a million people still without
half a million people still without power tonight number six
power tonight number six
power tonight number six how are people preparing for extreme
how are people preparing for extreme
how are people preparing for extreme weather throughout the globe many
weather throughout the globe many
weather throughout the globe many governments are developing policies in
governments are developing policies in
governments are developing policies in order to adapt to climate change
order to adapt to climate change
order to adapt to climate change attempting to diminish a populations
attempting to diminish a populations
attempting to diminish a populations vulnerability to extreme weather events
vulnerability to extreme weather events
vulnerability to extreme weather events these measures range from engineering
these measures range from engineering
these measures range from engineering drought tolerant crop varieties to
drought tolerant crop varieties to
drought tolerant crop varieties to attempting to engineer the climate
attempting to engineer the climate
attempting to engineer the climate itself for example by developing schemes
itself for example by developing schemes
itself for example by developing schemes to remove carbon dioxide from the
to remove carbon dioxide from the
to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere countries in the developing
atmosphere countries in the developing
atmosphere countries in the developing world are expected to suffer most from
world are expected to suffer most from
world are expected to suffer most from the effects of global warming and the UN
the effects of global warming and the UN
the effects of global warming and the UN established the Green Climate Fund in
established the Green Climate Fund in
established the Green Climate Fund in 2010 to redistribute money from the
2010 to redistribute money from the
2010 to redistribute money from the developed world to the developing world
developed world to the developing world
developed world to the developing world to finance the construction of
to finance the construction of
to finance the construction of infrastructure that will help provide
infrastructure that will help provide
infrastructure that will help provide better flood defences and mitigate the
better flood defences and mitigate the
better flood defences and mitigate the effects of rising sea levels and severe
effects of rising sea levels and severe
effects of rising sea levels and severe tropical storms basically wants to keep
tropical storms basically wants to keep
tropical storms basically wants to keep coal in the hole and to get emissions of
coal in the hole and to get emissions of
coal in the hole and to get emissions of greenhouse gases down as close to zero
greenhouse gases down as close to zero
greenhouse gases down as close to zero as we possibly can as soon as we can
as we possibly can as soon as we can
as we possibly can as soon as we can number five what are the costs of
number five what are the costs of
number five what are the costs of extreme weather three months worth of
extreme weather three months worth of
extreme weather three months worth of rain fell on of renovates in three days
rain fell on of renovates in three days
rain fell on of renovates in three days those who’ve remained have been without
those who’ve remained have been without
those who’ve remained have been without power or freshwater failing to prepare
power or freshwater failing to prepare
power or freshwater failing to prepare for extreme weather can cost a city an
for extreme weather can cost a city an
for extreme weather can cost a city an industry and a country a vast amount of
industry and a country a vast amount of
industry and a country a vast amount of lost revenue budget expenditures and
lost revenue budget expenditures and
lost revenue budget expenditures and more according to the US Department of
more according to the US Department of
more according to the US Department of Homeland Security a lack of preparedness
Homeland Security a lack of preparedness
Homeland Security a lack of preparedness cost the United States 1.15 trillion
cost the United States 1.15 trillion
cost the United States 1.15 trillion dollars in economic losses from 1980 to
dollars in economic losses from 1980 to
dollars in economic losses from 1980 to 2010 the travel industry is hit
2010 the travel industry is hit
2010 the travel industry is hit particularly hard as it is increasingly
particularly hard as it is increasingly
particularly hard as it is increasingly susceptible to extreme weather in the
susceptible to extreme weather in the
susceptible to extreme weather in the form of ice volcanic ash and heavy
form of ice volcanic ash and heavy
form of ice volcanic ash and heavy snowfall furthermore travelers are also
snowfall furthermore travelers are also
snowfall furthermore travelers are also affected as disrupted travel plans lead
affected as disrupted travel plans lead
affected as disrupted travel plans lead to billions of dollars of out of work
to billions of dollars of out of work
to billions of dollars of out of work time and unforeseen out-of-pocket costs
time and unforeseen out-of-pocket costs
time and unforeseen out-of-pocket costs cities too are
cities too are
cities too are particularly affected by extreme weather
particularly affected by extreme weather
particularly affected by extreme weather as flooding and extreme heat can wreak
as flooding and extreme heat can wreak
as flooding and extreme heat can wreak havoc on the delicate technological
havoc on the delicate technological
havoc on the delicate technological systems that allow a city to function
systems that allow a city to function
systems that allow a city to function from power grids to sewage systems
from power grids to sewage systems
from power grids to sewage systems number four what is a polar vortex
number four what is a polar vortex
number four what is a polar vortex beginning in December 2013 Canada and
beginning in December 2013 Canada and
beginning in December 2013 Canada and the eastern United States were hit by a
the eastern United States were hit by a
the eastern United States were hit by a cold wave that lasted five months this
cold wave that lasted five months this
cold wave that lasted five months this cold wave was the result of southward
cold wave was the result of southward
cold wave was the result of southward shifts of the north polar vortex and
shifts of the north polar vortex and
shifts of the north polar vortex and consisted of two separate episodes the
consisted of two separate episodes the
consisted of two separate episodes the first in December 2013 and the second at
first in December 2013 and the second at
first in December 2013 and the second at the beginning of 2014
the beginning of 2014
the beginning of 2014 take a look behind me you can see the
take a look behind me you can see the
take a look behind me you can see the vapor rising from Lake Michigan here
vapor rising from Lake Michigan here
vapor rising from Lake Michigan here it’s that cold as the entire region was
it’s that cold as the entire region was
it’s that cold as the entire region was blanketed with heavy snowfall and record
blanketed with heavy snowfall and record
blanketed with heavy snowfall and record low temperatures businesses schools and
low temperatures businesses schools and
low temperatures businesses schools and flight cancellations became the norm in
flight cancellations became the norm in
flight cancellations became the norm in total over 200 million people were
total over 200 million people were
total over 200 million people were affected with some estimating the
affected with some estimating the
affected with some estimating the damages and loss of revenue in the realm
damages and loss of revenue in the realm
damages and loss of revenue in the realm of over five billion dollars u.s. number
of over five billion dollars u.s. number
of over five billion dollars u.s. number three what is being done to curb global
three what is being done to curb global
three what is being done to curb global warming the main international agreement
warming the main international agreement
warming the main international agreement set up to address global warming is the
set up to address global warming is the
set up to address global warming is the United Nations Framework Convention on
United Nations Framework Convention on
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change treaty established in
Climate Change treaty established in
Climate Change treaty established in 1992 its first major accomplishment was
1992 its first major accomplishment was
1992 its first major accomplishment was the Kyoto Protocol of 1997 an
the Kyoto Protocol of 1997 an
the Kyoto Protocol of 1997 an international agreement that would see
international agreement that would see
international agreement that would see countries commit to reducing their
countries commit to reducing their
countries commit to reducing their greenhouse gas emissions which went into
greenhouse gas emissions which went into
greenhouse gas emissions which went into effect in 2005 four and ten Americans
effect in 2005 four and ten Americans
effect in 2005 four and ten Americans still live where pollution levels are
still live where pollution levels are
still live where pollution levels are often dangerous to breathe
often dangerous to breathe
often dangerous to breathe however the world’s biggest polluter the
however the world’s biggest polluter the
however the world’s biggest polluter the United States did not ratify the
United States did not ratify the
United States did not ratify the agreement as they would have had to pay
agreement as they would have had to pay
agreement as they would have had to pay for their emissions if they did not cut
for their emissions if they did not cut
for their emissions if they did not cut them down to a certain level China the
them down to a certain level China the
them down to a certain level China the world’s second biggest polluter also did
world’s second biggest polluter also did
world’s second biggest polluter also did not ratify the protocol but was not
not ratify the protocol but was not
not ratify the protocol but was not covered under its limits in 2014 the
covered under its limits in 2014 the
covered under its limits in 2014 the United States and China signed their own
United States and China signed their own
United States and China signed their own independent joint agreement to curb
independent joint agreement to curb
independent joint agreement to curb their carbon emissions and to increase
their carbon emissions and to increase
their carbon emissions and to increase their use of clean energy sources number
their use of clean energy sources number
their use of clean energy sources number two how good are we at predicting
two how good are we at predicting
two how good are we at predicting whether the science of accurately
whether the science of accurately
whether the science of accurately predicting the weather forecast
predicting the weather forecast
predicting the weather forecast has improved significantly since the
has improved significantly since the
has improved significantly since the invention of supercomputers
invention of supercomputers
invention of supercomputers and the subsequent collection of
and the subsequent collection of
and the subsequent collection of thousands of data points from around the
thousands of data points from around the
thousands of data points from around the world
world
world forecasting now relies on computer-based
forecasting now relies on computer-based
forecasting now relies on computer-based models which are generated from the
models which are generated from the
models which are generated from the weather broadcasting stations located on
weather broadcasting stations located on
weather broadcasting stations located on land water and air altogether there are
land water and air altogether there are
land water and air altogether there are over a million weather-related data
over a million weather-related data
over a million weather-related data points that circulate every day leading
points that circulate every day leading
points that circulate every day leading to a more accurate daily weather
to a more accurate daily weather
to a more accurate daily weather forecast as well as advanced warnings
forecast as well as advanced warnings
forecast as well as advanced warnings for those living in regions that are
for those living in regions that are
for those living in regions that are susceptible to flash floods tsunamis
susceptible to flash floods tsunamis
susceptible to flash floods tsunamis tornadoes and more number one what are
tornadoes and more number one what are
tornadoes and more number one what are the predictions for the future
the predictions for the future
the predictions for the future researchers predict that temperatures
researchers predict that temperatures
researchers predict that temperatures will increase about two to ten degrees
will increase about two to ten degrees
will increase about two to ten degrees Fahrenheit by the end of the century
Fahrenheit by the end of the century
Fahrenheit by the end of the century there have been several predictions for
there have been several predictions for
there have been several predictions for the future including for the weather and
the future including for the weather and
the future including for the weather and climate change researchers are
climate change researchers are
climate change researchers are predicting that by the end of the
predicting that by the end of the
predicting that by the end of the century the United States will suffer a
century the United States will suffer a
century the United States will suffer a mega drought far worse than any seen in
mega drought far worse than any seen in
mega drought far worse than any seen in the past thousand years if carbon
the past thousand years if carbon
the past thousand years if carbon emissions do not start declining by 2050
emissions do not start declining by 2050
emissions do not start declining by 2050 there is a high risk of a decade-long
there is a high risk of a decade-long
there is a high risk of a decade-long drought in the southwest and Central
drought in the southwest and Central
drought in the southwest and Central Plains on the other side of the pond the
Plains on the other side of the pond the
Plains on the other side of the pond the British Royal Society predicts a
British Royal Society predicts a
British Royal Society predicts a significant increase in extreme weather
significant increase in extreme weather
significant increase in extreme weather in terms of droughts floods and heat
in terms of droughts floods and heat
in terms of droughts floods and heat waves
waves
waves it seems that humankind must begin to
it seems that humankind must begin to
it seems that humankind must begin to prepare for the worst as it works
prepare for the worst as it works
prepare for the worst as it works towards the best did these facts
towards the best did these facts
towards the best did these facts surprise you to vote for which news
surprise you to vote for which news
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