thank you thank you very much let us see some hands how many of you would like to
some hands how many of you would like to
some hands how many of you would like to go to Mars I see a good bunch of you
go to Mars I see a good bunch of you
go to Mars I see a good bunch of you what if I told you that Mars is several
what if I told you that Mars is several
what if I told you that Mars is several hundred million kilometres away it would
hundred million kilometres away it would
hundred million kilometres away it would take at least six months to get there
take at least six months to get there
take at least six months to get there still takers that didn’t scare you a lot
still takers that didn’t scare you a lot
still takers that didn’t scare you a lot what I told you the surface of Mars has
what I told you the surface of Mars has
what I told you the surface of Mars has an average temperature of minus 60
an average temperature of minus 60
an average temperature of minus 60 degrees Celsius still takers great great
degrees Celsius still takers great great
degrees Celsius still takers great great to hear but what then if I told you the
to hear but what then if I told you the
to hear but what then if I told you the only way you could go was if you gave up
only way you could go was if you gave up
only way you could go was if you gave up the live you have here on earth now
the live you have here on earth now
the live you have here on earth now forever still takers that’s pretty good
forever still takers that’s pretty good
forever still takers that’s pretty good to see we still Integra so we have fewer
to see we still Integra so we have fewer
to see we still Integra so we have fewer but we have takers it’s nice to hear
but we have takers it’s nice to hear
but we have takers it’s nice to hear that could actually become the reality
that could actually become the reality
that could actually become the reality four and then in as little as ten years
four and then in as little as ten years
four and then in as little as ten years for for prospective colonists the
for for prospective colonists the
for for prospective colonists the project is called Mars one it was
project is called Mars one it was
project is called Mars one it was established in 2011 by a couple of Dutch
established in 2011 by a couple of Dutch
established in 2011 by a couple of Dutch guys in 2013 they opened up applications
guys in 2013 they opened up applications
guys in 2013 they opened up applications for a one-way trip to Mars at that point
for a one-way trip to Mars at that point
for a one-way trip to Mars at that point about two hundred thousand people
about two hundred thousand people
about two hundred thousand people expressed interest in taking that trip
expressed interest in taking that trip
expressed interest in taking that trip two hundred thousand people it’s a lot
two hundred thousand people it’s a lot
two hundred thousand people it’s a lot of people granted many of them didn’t
of people granted many of them didn’t
of people granted many of them didn’t know what Mars had in store for them
know what Mars had in store for them
know what Mars had in store for them they quit at no larger obstacles than
they quit at no larger obstacles than
they quit at no larger obstacles than the answering a questionnaire online and
the answering a questionnaire online and
the answering a questionnaire online and uploading a video but still two hundred
uploading a video but still two hundred
uploading a video but still two hundred thousand people they expressed interest
thousand people they expressed interest
thousand people they expressed interest in just leaving their life here on earth
in just leaving their life here on earth
in just leaving their life here on earth everyone knew that was what it was about
everyone knew that was what it was about
everyone knew that was what it was about right from the start so why would you do
right from the start so why would you do
right from the start so why would you do that I will give you my perspective on
that I will give you my perspective on
that I will give you my perspective on that question later in this talk but
that question later in this talk but
that question later in this talk but first I would like to take you on a
first I would like to take you on a
first I would like to take you on a journey starting with an idea travelling
journey starting with an idea travelling
journey starting with an idea travelling through history and hopefully ending up
through history and hopefully ending up
through history and hopefully ending up in the future this journey starts with
in the future this journey starts with
in the future this journey starts with an idea the ideas the current plan Mars
an idea the ideas the current plan Mars
an idea the ideas the current plan Mars one is developing one thing that many
one is developing one thing that many
one is developing one thing that many modern innovators agree on or milestones
modern innovators agree on or milestones
modern innovators agree on or milestones ambitious milestones one of these modern
ambitious milestones one of these modern
ambitious milestones one of these modern innovators is Elon Musk
innovators is Elon Musk
innovators is Elon Musk the founder of SpaceX currently the only
the founder of SpaceX currently the only
the founder of SpaceX currently the only private company to send Rockets through
private company to send Rockets through
private company to send Rockets through the international space station
the international space station
the international space station obviously they don’t sent the whole
obviously they don’t sent the whole
obviously they don’t sent the whole Rockets out there but they use the
Rockets out there but they use the
Rockets out there but they use the rockets to launch the spacecraft which
rockets to launch the spacecraft which
rockets to launch the spacecraft which supply the International Space Station
supply the International Space Station
supply the International Space Station the Mars one milestones are very
the Mars one milestones are very
the Mars one milestones are very ambitious
ambitious
ambitious they’ve already slipped more than once
they’ve already slipped more than once
they’ve already slipped more than once but if you want to make use of ambitious
but if you want to make use of ambitious
but if you want to make use of ambitious milestones that’s a risk you’re going to
milestones that’s a risk you’re going to
milestones that’s a risk you’re going to have to accept the first ambitious
have to accept the first ambitious
have to accept the first ambitious milestone Mars one hopes to achieve this
milestone Mars one hopes to achieve this
milestone Mars one hopes to achieve this in 2020 they want to land a technology
in 2020 they want to land a technology
in 2020 they want to land a technology demonstration mission on the surface of
demonstration mission on the surface of
demonstration mission on the surface of Mars the purpose of this demonstration
Mars the purpose of this demonstration
Mars the purpose of this demonstration mission is to demonstrate some pretty
mission is to demonstrate some pretty
mission is to demonstrate some pretty basic but hugely important technological
basic but hugely important technological
basic but hugely important technological feats this is for instance how much
feats this is for instance how much
feats this is for instance how much energy you can squeeze out of thin
energy you can squeeze out of thin
energy you can squeeze out of thin flexible solar cells and also how you
flexible solar cells and also how you
flexible solar cells and also how you can use that energy to extract the water
can use that energy to extract the water
can use that energy to extract the water from the soil of Mars and turn that
from the soil of Mars and turn that
from the soil of Mars and turn that water into hydrogen and oxygen in this
water into hydrogen and oxygen in this
water into hydrogen and oxygen in this equation we have water and we have
equation we have water and we have
equation we have water and we have oxygen two things that are hugely
oxygen two things that are hugely
oxygen two things that are hugely important for human life especially on
important for human life especially on
important for human life especially on Mars then in 2022 they plan to send a
Mars then in 2022 they plan to send a
Mars then in 2022 they plan to send a rover to Mars rover is a robotic car of
rover to Mars rover is a robotic car of
rover to Mars rover is a robotic car of a kind NASA already has Rovers on Mars
a kind NASA already has Rovers on Mars
a kind NASA already has Rovers on Mars but this Rover will be different from
but this Rover will be different from
but this Rover will be different from the NASA Rovers the purpose of this
the NASA Rovers the purpose of this
the NASA Rovers the purpose of this Rover is one to find a suitable spot for
Rover is one to find a suitable spot for
Rover is one to find a suitable spot for a Mars settlement and two to in the long
a Mars settlement and two to in the long
a Mars settlement and two to in the long run two whole things it will be a strong
run two whole things it will be a strong
run two whole things it will be a strong fast workhorse instead of a slow
fast workhorse instead of a slow
fast workhorse instead of a slow meticulous precise scientist as the ones
meticulous precise scientist as the ones
meticulous precise scientist as the ones we have on Mars today then in 2024 this
we have on Mars today then in 2024 this
we have on Mars today then in 2024 this is where the business happens they plan
is where the business happens they plan
is where the business happens they plan to send as few as six cargo missions
to send as few as six cargo missions
to send as few as six cargo missions probably more on the heaviest rockets
probably more on the heaviest rockets
probably more on the heaviest rockets available at that time
available at that time
available at that time once these cargo pots arrive at Mars
once these cargo pots arrive at Mars
once these cargo pots arrive at Mars they will home in on the signal emitted
they will home in on the signal emitted
they will home in on the signal emitted by the rover and the try to land near it
by the rover and the try to land near it
by the rover and the try to land near it landing on Mars is difficult so they
landing on Mars is difficult so they
landing on Mars is difficult so they will likely not land right on top of the
will likely not land right on top of the
will likely not land right on top of the rover the rover will probably have to
rover the rover will probably have to
rover the rover will probably have to fetch each single pot and move them
fetch each single pot and move them
fetch each single pot and move them closer to each other where after they
closer to each other where after they
closer to each other where after they can be hastily assembled into a
can be hastily assembled into a
can be hastily assembled into a functioning base which may not be ready
functioning base which may not be ready
functioning base which may not be ready to harbor any settlers
to harbor any settlers
to harbor any settlers we’ll be ready to extract water from the
we’ll be ready to extract water from the
we’ll be ready to extract water from the soil on Mars and actually soil is the
soil on Mars and actually soil is the
soil on Mars and actually soil is the wrong word because Mars is a very fancy
wrong word because Mars is a very fancy
wrong word because Mars is a very fancy planet for those of you that don’t know
planet for those of you that don’t know
planet for those of you that don’t know the ground there it doesn’t like to be
the ground there it doesn’t like to be
the ground there it doesn’t like to be called ground not soil not dirt it’s
called ground not soil not dirt it’s
called ground not soil not dirt it’s regular well la-dee-da once that has
regular well la-dee-da once that has
regular well la-dee-da once that has been done the base will be ready for
been done the base will be ready for
been done the base will be ready for humans so in 2026 four astronauts will
humans so in 2026 four astronauts will
humans so in 2026 four astronauts will be sending ordered around earth and then
be sending ordered around earth and then
be sending ordered around earth and then send towards Mars the journey will take
send towards Mars the journey will take
send towards Mars the journey will take between six to nine months at that time
between six to nine months at that time
between six to nine months at that time likely seven months seven months where
likely seven months seven months where
likely seven months seven months where the astronauts will have little to do a
the astronauts will have little to do a
the astronauts will have little to do a little to occupy their hands little to
little to occupy their hands little to
little to occupy their hands little to occupy their minds that is until they
occupy their minds that is until they
occupy their minds that is until they arrive on Mars where they will have to
arrive on Mars where they will have to
arrive on Mars where they will have to much like the first settlers on earth
much like the first settlers on earth
much like the first settlers on earth will have to establish their own society
will have to establish their own society
will have to establish their own society only without the help of friendly
only without the help of friendly
only without the help of friendly natives when we imagine our own future
natives when we imagine our own future
natives when we imagine our own future humanity’s future on another planet or
humanity’s future on another planet or
humanity’s future on another planet or when we see it on TV often we’re
when we see it on TV often we’re
when we see it on TV often we’re surrounded by plastic and glass and
surrounded by plastic and glass and
surrounded by plastic and glass and blinking lights and hovering Holograms
blinking lights and hovering Holograms
blinking lights and hovering Holograms having fancy food served to us by
having fancy food served to us by
having fancy food served to us by robotic servants I see life on Mars
robotic servants I see life on Mars
robotic servants I see life on Mars slightly different much is to set the
slightly different much is to set the
slightly different much is to set the first settlers in on the new world in
first settlers in on the new world in
first settlers in on the new world in the new world here on earth had to build
the new world here on earth had to build
the new world here on earth had to build their own houses tend their fields to
their own houses tend their fields to
their own houses tend their fields to have something to eat so to do I imagine
have something to eat so to do I imagine
have something to eat so to do I imagine that the first Martian settlers will
that the first Martian settlers will
that the first Martian settlers will have to take care of their habitats
have to take care of their habitats
have to take care of their habitats their houses they’ll have to make sure
their houses they’ll have to make sure
their houses they’ll have to make sure that there’s no dust on the surface of
that there’s no dust on the surface of
that there’s no dust on the surface of their solar cells otherwise solar cells
their solar cells otherwise solar cells
their solar cells otherwise solar cells don’t produce much energy and they will
don’t produce much energy and they will
don’t produce much energy and they will have to cultivate their own food in the
have to cultivate their own food in the
have to cultivate their own food in the form of vegetables and mealworms such as
form of vegetables and mealworms such as
form of vegetables and mealworms such as these little guys here on the left often
these little guys here on the left often
these little guys here on the left often considered a stark contrast to the
considered a stark contrast to the
considered a stark contrast to the promises tomorrow the world of today can
promises tomorrow the world of today can
promises tomorrow the world of today can seem boring sometimes even as moving in
seem boring sometimes even as moving in
seem boring sometimes even as moving in the wrong direction if any of you have
the wrong direction if any of you have
the wrong direction if any of you have been following the human endeavors in
been following the human endeavors in
been following the human endeavors in space my bet is that you’ve been feeling
space my bet is that you’ve been feeling
space my bet is that you’ve been feeling like this in the run of the last four
like this in the run of the last four
like this in the run of the last four years maybe even as long as the last
years maybe even as long as the last
years maybe even as long as the last four years after the space race ended in
four years after the space race ended in
four years after the space race ended in the early 70s humans have looked to the
the early 70s humans have looked to the
the early 70s humans have looked to the skies and expected more
skies and expected more
skies and expected more at that time already after the end of
at that time already after the end of
at that time already after the end of the Apollo space program loan program
the Apollo space program loan program
the Apollo space program loan program sorry just to make sure where it ended
sorry just to make sure where it ended
sorry just to make sure where it ended up plans were already being drawn for a
up plans were already being drawn for a
up plans were already being drawn for a basis on the moon and bases on Mars the
basis on the moon and bases on Mars the
basis on the moon and bases on Mars the near infinite resources of the solar
near infinite resources of the solar
near infinite resources of the solar system seemed ever so slightly out of a
system seemed ever so slightly out of a
system seemed ever so slightly out of a reach from the beginnings of human
reach from the beginnings of human
reach from the beginnings of human spaceflight there’s been a lot of
spaceflight there’s been a lot of
spaceflight there’s been a lot of vehicles to take us to space starting
vehicles to take us to space starting
vehicles to take us to space starting with the Russian Vostok which carried
with the Russian Vostok which carried
with the Russian Vostok which carried the Yuri Gagarin the first man in space
the Yuri Gagarin the first man in space
the Yuri Gagarin the first man in space into space later came the Americans
into space later came the Americans
into space later came the Americans answer to that the Mercury and after
answer to that the Mercury and after
answer to that the Mercury and after that a quick succession of mostly
that a quick succession of mostly
that a quick succession of mostly American Russian spacecrafts peaking
American Russian spacecrafts peaking
American Russian spacecrafts peaking with the lunar lander module which
with the lunar lander module which
with the lunar lander module which carried humans to the moon launched atop
carried humans to the moon launched atop
carried humans to the moon launched atop the mighty Saturn five rocket rocket so
the mighty Saturn five rocket rocket so
the mighty Saturn five rocket rocket so large it’s like hasn’t been seen since
large it’s like hasn’t been seen since
large it’s like hasn’t been seen since after that the pace slowed down a little
after that the pace slowed down a little
after that the pace slowed down a little bit with the space shuttle it slowed
bit with the space shuttle it slowed
bit with the space shuttle it slowed down slowly but the ones arriving in
down slowly but the ones arriving in
down slowly but the ones arriving in 2011 it slowed to an all-time low when
2011 it slowed to an all-time low when
2011 it slowed to an all-time low when the space shuttle was retired and all we
the space shuttle was retired and all we
the space shuttle was retired and all we had left to go into space was the Soyuz
had left to go into space was the Soyuz
had left to go into space was the Soyuz which is here on the right it was
which is here on the right it was
which is here on the right it was designed in the 60s and it’s Chinese
designed in the 60s and it’s Chinese
designed in the 60s and it’s Chinese derivative the shinzou on the left
derivative the shinzou on the left
derivative the shinzou on the left that’s all we have today to take us into
that’s all we have today to take us into
that’s all we have today to take us into space so looking up at the sky today you
space so looking up at the sky today you
space so looking up at the sky today you may be excused to think that the era of
may be excused to think that the era of
may be excused to think that the era of human spaceflight is coming to a halt
human spaceflight is coming to a halt
human spaceflight is coming to a halt however I don’t think it’s coming to a
however I don’t think it’s coming to a
however I don’t think it’s coming to a halt I merely think we’re in a
halt I merely think we’re in a
halt I merely think we’re in a transition phase I think human
transition phase I think human
transition phase I think human spaceflight is transforming and one of
spaceflight is transforming and one of
spaceflight is transforming and one of the major reasons I think that are the
the major reasons I think that are the
the major reasons I think that are the national space agencies such as NASA
national space agencies such as NASA
national space agencies such as NASA wherever I imagine everyone knows and
wherever I imagine everyone knows and
wherever I imagine everyone knows and ESA the European Space Agency what
ESA the European Space Agency what
ESA the European Space Agency what they’re doing is they’re trying to hand
they’re doing is they’re trying to hand
they’re doing is they’re trying to hand off the boring and routine parts of
off the boring and routine parts of
off the boring and routine parts of space travel and yes I do indeed think
space travel and yes I do indeed think
space travel and yes I do indeed think there will be boring and routine parts
there will be boring and routine parts
there will be boring and routine parts of space travel this is the the
of space travel this is the the
of space travel this is the the transportation of cargo and the humans
transportation of cargo and the humans
transportation of cargo and the humans to the International Space Station and
to the International Space Station and
to the International Space Station and they do this in order to free up their
they do this in order to free up their
they do this in order to free up their dwindling budgets
dwindling budgets
dwindling budgets for more important things for inventing
for more important things for inventing
for more important things for inventing things for trailblazing for creating
things for trailblazing for creating
things for trailblazing for creating things like the Orion space capsule
things like the Orion space capsule
things like the Orion space capsule which is intended to take people further
which is intended to take people further
which is intended to take people further and which is not yet profitable in doing
and which is not yet profitable in doing
and which is not yet profitable in doing that they’re handing off the routine
that they’re handing off the routine
that they’re handing off the routine parts to private enterprise the parch
parts to private enterprise the parch
parts to private enterprise the parch which can be proved can be profitable
which can be proved can be profitable
which can be proved can be profitable that is done today by SpaceX and Boeing
that is done today by SpaceX and Boeing
that is done today by SpaceX and Boeing respectively with their dragon and
respectively with their dragon and
respectively with their dragon and Starliner capsule both intended to take
Starliner capsule both intended to take
Starliner capsule both intended to take cargo and humans into space as a
cargo and humans into space as a
cargo and humans into space as a commodity not as a curiosity and it
commodity not as a curiosity and it
commodity not as a curiosity and it doesn’t have to end there there are
doesn’t have to end there there are
doesn’t have to end there there are further plans in the making SpaceX
further plans in the making SpaceX
further plans in the making SpaceX answers as late as this Tuesday unveiled
answers as late as this Tuesday unveiled
answers as late as this Tuesday unveiled their new plans for a Mars colony
their new plans for a Mars colony
their new plans for a Mars colony infrastructure taking as many as 100
infrastructure taking as many as 100
infrastructure taking as many as 100 people at a time for Mars so who knows
people at a time for Mars so who knows
people at a time for Mars so who knows in 20 or 30 years maybe you guys can
in 20 or 30 years maybe you guys can
in 20 or 30 years maybe you guys can come to visit me so some of you might
come to visit me so some of you might
come to visit me so some of you might ask why are we as a race as a society
ask why are we as a race as a society
ask why are we as a race as a society why are we going to space and Letson
why are we going to space and Letson
why are we going to space and Letson gets a fair question because space can
gets a fair question because space can
gets a fair question because space can be very far away for some of us it’s not
be very far away for some of us it’s not
be very far away for some of us it’s not part of our everyday lives so with all
part of our everyday lives so with all
part of our everyday lives so with all the resources we put into rockets and
the resources we put into rockets and
the resources we put into rockets and satellites when we get in return
satellites when we get in return
satellites when we get in return a 2014 estimates showed that the return
a 2014 estimates showed that the return
a 2014 estimates showed that the return of an uninvested Terry value on an
of an uninvested Terry value on an
of an uninvested Terry value on an investment of hard cash made into space
investment of hard cash made into space
investment of hard cash made into space activities is between seven and fourteen
activities is between seven and fourteen
activities is between seven and fourteen times the initial investment that’s
times the initial investment that’s
times the initial investment that’s seven hundred to one thousand four
seven hundred to one thousand four
seven hundred to one thousand four hundred percent two very important parts
hundred percent two very important parts
hundred percent two very important parts of this equation or GPS satellites and
of this equation or GPS satellites and
of this equation or GPS satellites and weather satellites both of which are
weather satellites both of which are
weather satellites both of which are very important very valuable to human
very important very valuable to human
very important very valuable to human society then why Mars why would you set
society then why Mars why would you set
society then why Mars why would you set up a nonprofit organization to take
up a nonprofit organization to take
up a nonprofit organization to take people to Mars that’s a very different
people to Mars that’s a very different
people to Mars that’s a very different question with their different answers to
question with their different answers to
question with their different answers to me it’s all about the technological
me it’s all about the technological
me it’s all about the technological progress and one thing we can expect
progress and one thing we can expect
progress and one thing we can expect from a Mars colony is sustainability and
from a Mars colony is sustainability and
from a Mars colony is sustainability and recycling technology because in Mars
recycling technology because in Mars
recycling technology because in Mars everything is valuable
everything is valuable
everything is valuable if you have something if there’s
if you have something if there’s
if you have something if there’s something you need on Mars there’s two
something you need on Mars there’s two
something you need on Mars there’s two ways you can get it you can make it
ways you can get it you can make it
ways you can get it you can make it yourself on Mars or you can get it from
yourself on Mars or you can get it from
yourself on Mars or you can get it from Earth getting it for Earth is very very
Earth getting it for Earth is very very
Earth getting it for Earth is very very expensive so you want to get as many
expensive so you want to get as many
expensive so you want to get as many things as you can locally this includes
things as you can locally this includes
things as you can locally this includes recycling this includes conserving
recycling this includes conserving
recycling this includes conserving energy and that’s something we can learn
energy and that’s something we can learn
energy and that’s something we can learn from here on earth we use a lot of
from here on earth we use a lot of
from here on earth we use a lot of resources we don’t really have because
resources we don’t really have because
resources we don’t really have because we see the messin as infinite even
we see the messin as infinite even
we see the messin as infinite even though they’re not another thing another
though they’re not another thing another
though they’re not another thing another reason for colonizing Mars could be the
reason for colonizing Mars could be the
reason for colonizing Mars could be the very preservation of the human species
very preservation of the human species
very preservation of the human species many very clever people Stephen
many very clever people Stephen
many very clever people Stephen Hawking’s among them express concern
Hawking’s among them express concern
Hawking’s among them express concern that we as a species inhabit only one
that we as a species inhabit only one
that we as a species inhabit only one planet a single planet scale catastrophe
planet a single planet scale catastrophe
planet a single planet scale catastrophe could wipe us all out that could be the
could wipe us all out that could be the
could wipe us all out that could be the explosion of a supervolcano that could
explosion of a supervolcano that could
explosion of a supervolcano that could be the impact of one of the asteroids
be the impact of one of the asteroids
be the impact of one of the asteroids that we don’t know about we know about
that we don’t know about we know about
that we don’t know about we know about many asteroids but not them all we’re
many asteroids but not them all we’re
many asteroids but not them all we’re routinely surprised by that or it could
routinely surprised by that or it could
routinely surprised by that or it could be the irrevocable alteration of our
be the irrevocable alteration of our
be the irrevocable alteration of our environment
environment
environment like for instance global warming if we
like for instance global warming if we
like for instance global warming if we had a colony on another planet we would
had a colony on another planet we would
had a colony on another planet we would have a backup of earth and this is not
have a backup of earth and this is not
have a backup of earth and this is not just paranoid paranoid speculation
just paranoid paranoid speculation
just paranoid paranoid speculation depending on which definition you use
depending on which definition you use
depending on which definition you use scientists believe that the earth has
scientists believe that the earth has
scientists believe that the earth has experienced up to 26 extinction events
experienced up to 26 extinction events
experienced up to 26 extinction events 26
26
26 it’s almost assured that it will happen
it’s almost assured that it will happen
it’s almost assured that it will happen again we don’t know when so why would
again we don’t know when so why would
again we don’t know when so why would you do there’s such thing why would you
you do there’s such thing why would you
you do there’s such thing why would you go to Mars and why would you do it one
go to Mars and why would you do it one
go to Mars and why would you do it one way my personal motivation rests by far
way my personal motivation rests by far
way my personal motivation rests by far in the Apollo space program in the wake
in the Apollo space program in the wake
in the Apollo space program in the wake of that program we saw leaps and bounds
of that program we saw leaps and bounds
of that program we saw leaps and bounds and technology here on earth not just
and technology here on earth not just
and technology here on earth not just space related but also very very earth
space related but also very very earth
space related but also very very earth on down to earth very grounded and
on down to earth very grounded and
on down to earth very grounded and another thing which I think is very
another thing which I think is very
another thing which I think is very important it’s motivation if you had a
important it’s motivation if you had a
important it’s motivation if you had a group of people and you present them
group of people and you present them
group of people and you present them with a difficult technical challenge at
with a difficult technical challenge at
with a difficult technical challenge at least one of them is sure to utter hey
least one of them is sure to utter hey
least one of them is sure to utter hey we put a man on the moon we can do this
we put a man on the moon we can do this
we put a man on the moon we can do this and that’s the kind of attitude I want
and that’s the kind of attitude I want
and that’s the kind of attitude I want to foster for there’s just one certain
to foster for there’s just one certain
to foster for there’s just one certain way to fail and that’s not to try what
way to fail and that’s not to try what
way to fail and that’s not to try what I’m asking for here I’m not asking for
I’m asking for here I’m not asking for
I’m asking for here I’m not asking for everyone to do
everyone to do
everyone to do same thing that the perspective
same thing that the perspective
same thing that the perspective columnist would do I’m not asking anyone
columnist would do I’m not asking anyone
columnist would do I’m not asking anyone to following their footsteps I’m asking
to following their footsteps I’m asking
to following their footsteps I’m asking you just to accept that someone would do
you just to accept that someone would do
you just to accept that someone would do this I’m asking you it’s very seriously
this I’m asking you it’s very seriously
this I’m asking you it’s very seriously consider the pros and cons of something
consider the pros and cons of something
consider the pros and cons of something like this formation like this not just
like this formation like this not just
like this formation like this not just for the people involved because most of
for the people involved because most of
for the people involved because most of them have already made up their minds
them have already made up their minds
them have already made up their minds but I’m asking you to consider the
but I’m asking you to consider the
but I’m asking you to consider the impacts on society as a whole I’m asking
impacts on society as a whole I’m asking
impacts on society as a whole I’m asking you to accept this the same way that you
you to accept this the same way that you
you to accept this the same way that you would accept that someone else has a
would accept that someone else has a
would accept that someone else has a different religion or different sexual
different religion or different sexual
different religion or different sexual orientation from yours I’ll leave it up
orientation from yours I’ll leave it up
orientation from yours I’ll leave it up to you to decide whether you think space
to you to decide whether you think space
to you to decide whether you think space travel can take over as the new driver
travel can take over as the new driver
travel can take over as the new driver of progress taking over from wars doing
of progress taking over from wars doing
of progress taking over from wars doing with curiosity what we have
with curiosity what we have
with curiosity what we have traditionally done with aggression if
traditionally done with aggression if
traditionally done with aggression if you do think it can there are two seeds
you do think it can there are two seeds
you do think it can there are two seeds I like to plant in your minds
I like to plant in your minds
I like to plant in your minds the first one is a picture first time
the first one is a picture first time
the first one is a picture first time painted by renowned aerospace engineer
painted by renowned aerospace engineer
painted by renowned aerospace engineer Robert Zubrin a veteran of many Mars
Robert Zubrin a veteran of many Mars
Robert Zubrin a veteran of many Mars planning missions it’s a picture of an
planning missions it’s a picture of an
planning missions it’s a picture of an interplanetary economy matching a
interplanetary economy matching a
interplanetary economy matching a triangle in one corner you have the
triangle in one corner you have the
triangle in one corner you have the earth with this high-tech production
earth with this high-tech production
earth with this high-tech production machinery or factories that have been
machinery or factories that have been
machinery or factories that have been many hundred years in the making
many hundred years in the making
many hundred years in the making in the other corner you have Mars a
in the other corner you have Mars a
in the other corner you have Mars a place where humans can survive a place
place where humans can survive a place
place where humans can survive a place with a smaller gravity Wellborn Earth’s
with a smaller gravity Wellborn Earth’s
with a smaller gravity Wellborn Earth’s if you want to go to the moon and back
if you want to go to the moon and back
if you want to go to the moon and back again the cost of energy or as we
again the cost of energy or as we
again the cost of energy or as we measure it in space submissions fuel
measure it in space submissions fuel
measure it in space submissions fuel two-thirds of the fuel you spend on a
two-thirds of the fuel you spend on a
two-thirds of the fuel you spend on a mission like that is the is burned
mission like that is the is burned
mission like that is the is burned getting from the surface of the earth to
getting from the surface of the earth to
getting from the surface of the earth to earth orbit Mars has a much weaker
earth orbit Mars has a much weaker
earth orbit Mars has a much weaker gravity so you can get to places cheaper
gravity so you can get to places cheaper
gravity so you can get to places cheaper from there which brings us to the third
from there which brings us to the third
from there which brings us to the third part of our trade triangle which is the
part of our trade triangle which is the
part of our trade triangle which is the asteroids the asteroids of our solar
asteroids the asteroids of our solar
asteroids the asteroids of our solar system are near indistinguishable pool
system are near indistinguishable pool
system are near indistinguishable pool of resources
of resources
of resources they’re precious metals there’s lots and
they’re precious metals there’s lots and
they’re precious metals there’s lots and lots lots of resources that we can use
lots lots of resources that we can use
lots lots of resources that we can use on earth but it’s not a nice place to be
on earth but it’s not a nice place to be
on earth but it’s not a nice place to be for healings there’s no gravity there’s
for healings there’s no gravity there’s
for healings there’s no gravity there’s no atmosphere there’s no magnetic field
no atmosphere there’s no magnetic field
no atmosphere there’s no magnetic field to protect us from radiation but what
to protect us from radiation but what
to protect us from radiation but what could be done is you could use
could be done is you could use
could be done is you could use self-replicating asteroid miners to get
self-replicating asteroid miners to get
self-replicating asteroid miners to get these resources by and far a lot of
these resources by and far a lot of
these resources by and far a lot of these things the drills the chasis could
these things the drills the chasis could
these things the drills the chasis could be made on Mars Mars has resources we
be made on Mars Mars has resources we
be made on Mars Mars has resources we can use and there are important things
can use and there are important things
can use and there are important things like the brains of these machines that
like the brains of these machines that
like the brains of these machines that couldn’t be made of Mars it’s unlikely
couldn’t be made of Mars it’s unlikely
couldn’t be made of Mars it’s unlikely that we will have the micro processors
that we will have the micro processors
that we will have the micro processors we’ll be able to make those in on Mars
we’ll be able to make those in on Mars
we’ll be able to make those in on Mars in any near future it’s very complex
in any near future it’s very complex
in any near future it’s very complex even here on earth but these don’t weigh
even here on earth but these don’t weigh
even here on earth but these don’t weigh so much they could be sent from Earth so
so much they could be sent from Earth so
so much they could be sent from Earth so you could have high-tech machinery sent
you could have high-tech machinery sent
you could have high-tech machinery sent from Earth you could have drills and
from Earth you could have drills and
from Earth you could have drills and chassés made on Mars launched from Mars
chassés made on Mars launched from Mars
chassés made on Mars launched from Mars because Mars has a lower gravity sent to
because Mars has a lower gravity sent to
because Mars has a lower gravity sent to the asteroids get all these resources
the asteroids get all these resources
the asteroids get all these resources send them back to earth and you have a
send them back to earth and you have a
send them back to earth and you have a beautiful trade triangle similar to but
beautiful trade triangle similar to but
beautiful trade triangle similar to but not not identical to the trade triangle
not not identical to the trade triangle
not not identical to the trade triangle of the colonial period that’s one thing
of the colonial period that’s one thing
of the colonial period that’s one thing another thing I would like to the other
another thing I would like to the other
another thing I would like to the other seed I’d like to plant in your minds
seed I’d like to plant in your minds
seed I’d like to plant in your minds something you’ve probably heard before
something you’ve probably heard before
something you’ve probably heard before but I’m hoping it will resonate with you
but I’m hoping it will resonate with you
but I’m hoping it will resonate with you a little louder coming from one of only
a little louder coming from one of only
a little louder coming from one of only hundred people on the planet who may be
hundred people on the planet who may be
hundred people on the planet who may be part of a large colony in as little as
part of a large colony in as little as
part of a large colony in as little as 10 years that point is reaching for the
10 years that point is reaching for the
10 years that point is reaching for the stars motivation if there’s something
stars motivation if there’s something
stars motivation if there’s something you truly believe in if there’s
you truly believe in if there’s
you truly believe in if there’s something you are convinced will make
something you are convinced will make
something you are convinced will make the world a better place don’t be afraid
the world a better place don’t be afraid
the world a better place don’t be afraid to aim for the moon own to fall short of
to aim for the moon own to fall short of
to aim for the moon own to fall short of your goal if you do so maybe someone
your goal if you do so maybe someone
your goal if you do so maybe someone else will see your enthusiasm your
else will see your enthusiasm your
else will see your enthusiasm your dedication and you will have changed the
dedication and you will have changed the
dedication and you will have changed the world in a very small way but you will
world in a very small way but you will
world in a very small way but you will have changed the world and maybe just
have changed the world and maybe just
have changed the world and maybe just maybe that person would be inspired by
maybe that person would be inspired by
maybe that person would be inspired by your action and take up the mantle
your action and take up the mantle
your action and take up the mantle and do what you couldn’t achieve in your
and do what you couldn’t achieve in your
and do what you couldn’t achieve in your lifetime so maybe your goal won’t be
lifetime so maybe your goal won’t be
lifetime so maybe your goal won’t be reached by you put by someone else but
reached by you put by someone else but
reached by you put by someone else but in the end does that really matter
in the end does that really matter
in the end does that really matter thank you
thank you
thank you [Applause]
”
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