How We Got It All Wrong | Dalia Danish | TEDxUSTZC

morning today i’ll talk about how we got

morning today i’ll talk about how we got it all wrong why we got it all wrong and

it all wrong why we got it all wrong and

it all wrong why we got it all wrong and how we can possibly get it right

how we can possibly get it right

how we can possibly get it right hopefully and i’ll be talking from a

hopefully and i’ll be talking from a

hopefully and i’ll be talking from a neuroscientific perspective because

neuroscientific perspective because

neuroscientific perspective because that’s what I’m specialized in but first

that’s what I’m specialized in but first

that’s what I’m specialized in but first let me share a few photos of things that

let me share a few photos of things that

let me share a few photos of things that are very precious to me if you like

are very precious to me if you like

are very precious to me if you like that’s really my dog and you understand

that’s really my dog and you understand

that’s really my dog and you understand why she’s important that an i use my

why she’s important that an i use my

why she’s important that an i use my niece and you’ll understand why she is

niece and you’ll understand why she is

niece and you’ll understand why she is important as well and that dr. mohammed

important as well and that dr. mohammed

important as well and that dr. mohammed habla was a famous egyptian visual

habla was a famous egyptian visual

habla was a famous egyptian visual artist and you’ll understand how the

artist and you’ll understand how the

artist and you’ll understand how the three are related before i explain any

three are related before i explain any

three are related before i explain any of that stuff let me talk a bit about

of that stuff let me talk a bit about

of that stuff let me talk a bit about the boring neuroscientific stuff when we

the boring neuroscientific stuff when we

the boring neuroscientific stuff when we learn we learn through different ways

learn we learn through different ways

learn we learn through different ways and the first one is possibly imitation

and the first one is possibly imitation

and the first one is possibly imitation so when you see a little baby and you

so when you see a little baby and you

so when you see a little baby and you stick your tongue out at the baby the

stick your tongue out at the baby the

stick your tongue out at the baby the baby will imitate that melts often more

baby will imitate that melts often more

baby will imitate that melts often more back in the day looked at newborn

back in the day looked at newborn

back in the day looked at newborn infants and they realized that yes if

infants and they realized that yes if

infants and they realized that yes if you do stay cute on out the baby will

you do stay cute on out the baby will

you do stay cute on out the baby will imitate that you can try this at home

imitate that you can try this at home

imitate that you can try this at home and the babies will imitate the various

and the babies will imitate the various

and the babies will imitate the various visual effect that you’re making an

visual effect that you’re making an

visual effect that you’re making an imitation involves a human agent and a

imitation involves a human agent and a

imitation involves a human agent and a salient effect now another way of

salient effect now another way of

salient effect now another way of learning is through stimulus enhancement

learning is through stimulus enhancement

learning is through stimulus enhancement and emulation and that doesn’t

and emulation and that doesn’t

and emulation and that doesn’t necessarily involve an agent but it

necessarily involve an agent but it

necessarily involve an agent but it involves maybe trial and error so a good

involves maybe trial and error so a good

involves maybe trial and error so a good example is a baby monkey and a mommy

example is a baby monkey and a mommy

example is a baby monkey and a mommy monkey and maybe there’s a log and

monkey and maybe there’s a log and

monkey and maybe there’s a log and there’s food underneath the log now

there’s food underneath the log now

there’s food underneath the log now mommy monkey doesn’t have to show baby

mommy monkey doesn’t have to show baby

mommy monkey doesn’t have to show baby monkey how to do it the monkey

monkey how to do it the monkey

monkey how to do it the monkey understands somehow that the log affords

understands somehow that the log affords

understands somehow that the log affords to be tired

to be tired

to be tired and that there’s food underneath so in

and that there’s food underneath so in

and that there’s food underneath so in that case you have a salient goal which

that case you have a salient goal which

that case you have a salient goal which is the food and you have the trial and

is the food and you have the trial and

is the food and you have the trial and error and that’s a Malaysian now the

error and that’s a Malaysian now the

error and that’s a Malaysian now the finally you have something called

finally you have something called

finally you have something called mimicking and that’s basically repeating

mimicking and that’s basically repeating

mimicking and that’s basically repeating a behavior it doesn’t really involve a

a behavior it doesn’t really involve a

a behavior it doesn’t really involve a goal or anything so I won’t really be

goal or anything so I won’t really be

goal or anything so I won’t really be talking about mimicking again imitation

talking about mimicking again imitation

talking about mimicking again imitation human agent salient effect emulations

human agent salient effect emulations

human agent salient effect emulations stimulus enhancements trial and error

stimulus enhancements trial and error

stimulus enhancements trial and error salient effect no human agent now back

salient effect no human agent now back

salient effect no human agent now back in the day at the Max Planck what we did

in the day at the Max Planck what we did

in the day at the Max Planck what we did is that we had little babies in what was

is that we had little babies in what was

is that we had little babies in what was called the baby lab and what is still

called the baby lab and what is still

called the baby lab and what is still called the wavy lab and we presented

called the wavy lab and we presented

called the wavy lab and we presented those babies with two buttons a red

those babies with two buttons a red

those babies with two buttons a red button and a blue button and we saw that

button and a blue button and we saw that

button and a blue button and we saw that we realized that if I were to press the

we realized that if I were to press the

we realized that if I were to press the blue button for example and you had a

blue button for example and you had a

blue button for example and you had a salient effect ie it glows and it makes

salient effect ie it glows and it makes

salient effect ie it glows and it makes a nice sound the kid were more likely to

a nice sound the kid were more likely to

a nice sound the kid were more likely to repeat that and do it over and over

repeat that and do it over and over

repeat that and do it over and over again so the frequency is higher in the

again so the frequency is higher in the

again so the frequency is higher in the latency is higher as well meanwhile

latency is higher as well meanwhile

latency is higher as well meanwhile somewhere in Italy guys came up with an

somewhere in Italy guys came up with an

somewhere in Italy guys came up with an extremely extremely interesting

extremely extremely interesting

extremely extremely interesting observation and I’ll since I don’t have

observation and I’ll since I don’t have

observation and I’ll since I don’t have any props I’m going to ask you to try

any props I’m going to ask you to try

any props I’m going to ask you to try and imagine me picking up a glass of

and imagine me picking up a glass of

and imagine me picking up a glass of water and drinking that now as you

water and drinking that now as you

water and drinking that now as you imagine or you see me do that action the

imagine or you see me do that action the

imagine or you see me do that action the neurons in your brain are firing as if

neurons in your brain are firing as if

neurons in your brain are firing as if you were performing that action itself

you were performing that action itself

you were performing that action itself and it’s in the cortex of your brain and

and it’s in the cortex of your brain and

and it’s in the cortex of your brain and there they did an experiment with a

there they did an experiment with a

there they did an experiment with a macaque monkey and it was rizzolatti and

macaque monkey and it was rizzolatti and

macaque monkey and it was rizzolatti and his team and they realized what we call

his team and they realized what we call

his team and they realized what we call now called mirror neurons now here’s the

now called mirror neurons now here’s the

now called mirror neurons now here’s the monkey observing someone pick up a

monkey observing someone pick up a

monkey observing someone pick up a peanut the same neurons are firing in

peanut the same neurons are firing in

peanut the same neurons are firing in the monkeys brain as the monkey itself

the monkeys brain as the monkey itself

the monkeys brain as the monkey itself was picking up the peanut now that when

was picking up the peanut now that when

was picking up the peanut now that when that was done by mechanical claw

that was done by mechanical claw

that was done by mechanical claw or tweezers in this case the neurons

or tweezers in this case the neurons

or tweezers in this case the neurons didn’t fire interestingly enough

didn’t fire interestingly enough

didn’t fire interestingly enough somewhere else in the world someone

somewhere else in the world someone

somewhere else in the world someone decided to do that with a human baby and

decided to do that with a human baby and

decided to do that with a human baby and the interesting thing was when the toy

the interesting thing was when the toy

the interesting thing was when the toy was picked up ie the salient effect was

was picked up ie the salient effect was

was picked up ie the salient effect was picked up by a mechanical claw the

picked up by a mechanical claw the

picked up by a mechanical claw the neurons fired which is quite amazing it

neurons fired which is quite amazing it

neurons fired which is quite amazing it shows that maybe there’s something else

shows that maybe there’s something else

shows that maybe there’s something else going on and maybe we imitate for the

going on and maybe we imitate for the

going on and maybe we imitate for the sake of imitation and maybe as Wolfgang

sake of imitation and maybe as Wolfgang

sake of imitation and maybe as Wolfgang prints in the max planck assumed that we

prints in the max planck assumed that we

prints in the max planck assumed that we have something called the common coding

have something called the common coding

have something called the common coding theory ie actions are coded in their

theory ie actions are coded in their

theory ie actions are coded in their outcomes so imitation is coded for the

outcomes so imitation is coded for the

outcomes so imitation is coded for the sake of imitation and then I decided

sake of imitation and then I decided

sake of imitation and then I decided back in the day also to do another

back in the day also to do another

back in the day also to do another experiment what if my action was a

experiment what if my action was a

experiment what if my action was a counterintuitive action so what it what

counterintuitive action so what it what

counterintuitive action so what it what if the procedure is a bit more complex

and in that case I recall back then a

and in that case I recall back then a touch screen was this big and I was

touch screen was this big and I was

touch screen was this big and I was walking around with a huge test touch

walking around with a huge test touch

walking around with a huge test touch screen in a in a at University and back

screen in a in a at University and back

screen in a in a at University and back in the in the marketplace trying to

in the in the marketplace trying to

in the in the marketplace trying to recruit subjects and those subjects were

recruit subjects and those subjects were

recruit subjects and those subjects were toddlers and I used white a lot of

toddlers and I used white a lot of

toddlers and I used white a lot of toddlers for my experiment and it was

toddlers for my experiment and it was

toddlers for my experiment and it was quite sometimes quite freaky for the

quite sometimes quite freaky for the

quite sometimes quite freaky for the parents to see a young student walk

parents to see a young student walk

parents to see a young student walk around with the suitcase asking the

around with the suitcase asking the

around with the suitcase asking the parents well can I use your baby for an

parents well can I use your baby for an

parents well can I use your baby for an experiment you’ll get eight pounds and

experiment you’ll get eight pounds and

experiment you’ll get eight pounds and free video so it quite freaky however

free video so it quite freaky however

free video so it quite freaky however they participated and I decided to do

they participated and I decided to do

they participated and I decided to do the following now most of you don’t know

the following now most of you don’t know

the following now most of you don’t know who would you woodpecker is it’s that

who would you woodpecker is it’s that

who would you woodpecker is it’s that thing over there and it goes ahead so it

thing over there and it goes ahead so it

thing over there and it goes ahead so it creates a salient effect and it looks

creates a salient effect and it looks

creates a salient effect and it looks kind of cool and I decided to do the

kind of cool and I decided to do the

kind of cool and I decided to do the following i decided to what if i press

following i decided to what if i press

following i decided to what if i press on a certain button on the screen and

on a certain button on the screen and

on a certain button on the screen and the salient effect happens somewhere

the salient effect happens somewhere

the salient effect happens somewhere else so on a different but

else so on a different but

else so on a different but on that screen will the child repeat

on that screen will the child repeat

on that screen will the child repeat that yes or no what if in a second

that yes or no what if in a second

that yes or no what if in a second condition I press the button and nothing

condition I press the button and nothing

condition I press the button and nothing happens will the child do that yes or no

happens will the child do that yes or no

happens will the child do that yes or no and also I wanted to look at emulations

and also I wanted to look at emulations

and also I wanted to look at emulations stimulus enhancement what if I did

stimulus enhancement what if I did

stimulus enhancement what if I did absolutely nothing and an arrow

absolutely nothing and an arrow

absolutely nothing and an arrow descended on the button will that be

descended on the button will that be

descended on the button will that be repeated if there was a goal would you

repeated if there was a goal would you

repeated if there was a goal would you woodpecker coming out finally the final

woodpecker coming out finally the final

woodpecker coming out finally the final condition and arrow the sense nothing

condition and arrow the sense nothing

condition and arrow the sense nothing happened now I’ll take you somewhere

happened now I’ll take you somewhere

happened now I’ll take you somewhere else in the world because meanwhile as I

else in the world because meanwhile as I

else in the world because meanwhile as I was doing that the guy called Muhammad

was doing that the guy called Muhammad

was doing that the guy called Muhammad habla was somewhere in Switzerland he

habla was somewhere in Switzerland he

habla was somewhere in Switzerland he had students and he realized that people

had students and he realized that people

had students and he realized that people actually enjoyed using this weird

actually enjoyed using this weird

actually enjoyed using this weird different method and it was them tracing

different method and it was them tracing

different method and it was them tracing one another so he would put a blank

one another so he would put a blank

one another so he would put a blank screen a transparent screen and half

screen a transparent screen and half

screen a transparent screen and half people trace one another and people

people trace one another and people

people trace one another and people actually enjoyed that kind of strange

actually enjoyed that kind of strange

actually enjoyed that kind of strange but I’ll explain why going back to my

but I’ll explain why going back to my

but I’ll explain why going back to my experiment I realized the following when

experiment I realized the following when

experiment I realized the following when I press the button woody woodpecker

I press the button woody woodpecker

I press the button woody woodpecker comes out the frequency was really high

comes out the frequency was really high

comes out the frequency was really high now so that’s hand without come when you

now so that’s hand without come when you

now so that’s hand without come when you had the hand meet pressing the button no

had the hand meet pressing the button no

had the hand meet pressing the button no outcome frequency extremely high as well

outcome frequency extremely high as well

outcome frequency extremely high as well and that’s the latency in brackets when

and that’s the latency in brackets when

and that’s the latency in brackets when there was an arrow emulation nothing

there was an arrow emulation nothing

there was an arrow emulation nothing going on then frequencies really low so

going on then frequencies really low so

going on then frequencies really low so it we didn’t get any results there when

it we didn’t get any results there when

it we didn’t get any results there when there was an arrow and the salient

there was an arrow and the salient

there was an arrow and the salient effect kids repeated that over and over

effect kids repeated that over and over

effect kids repeated that over and over again so what does this really tell us

again so what does this really tell us

again so what does this really tell us about us it’s quite amazing so bill mas

about us it’s quite amazing so bill mas

about us it’s quite amazing so bill mas Arriba Larabee ephaea goo goo ga enak

Arriba Larabee ephaea goo goo ga enak

Arriba Larabee ephaea goo goo ga enak faceless demon a lottery pool on Doc

faceless demon a lottery pool on Doc

faceless demon a lottery pool on Doc professor x 0 dis rough lucky guy who

professor x 0 dis rough lucky guy who

professor x 0 dis rough lucky guy who good akmahad dr. tabbouleh ill machine

good akmahad dr. tabbouleh ill machine

good akmahad dr. tabbouleh ill machine mumkin to Talam

mumkin to Talam

mumkin to Talam terminal in the Nesbitt well a ibis

terminal in the Nesbitt well a ibis

terminal in the Nesbitt well a ibis tomorrow Selena ana meet or neuroscience

tomorrow Selena ana meet or neuroscience

tomorrow Selena ana meet or neuroscience Allison o’clock mechanics Tara will make

Allison o’clock mechanics Tara will make

Allison o’clock mechanics Tara will make a Libra you monkey no inner to mutate

a Libra you monkey no inner to mutate

a Libra you monkey no inner to mutate with a bastard menina the ananda and

with a bastard menina the ananda and

with a bastard menina the ananda and then a haggis my social construction and

then a haggis my social construction and

then a haggis my social construction and then Hagar is Maha Maha wallet and then

then Hagar is Maha Maha wallet and then

then Hagar is Maha Maha wallet and then a Hagar is Maha a little makina well

a Hagar is Maha a little makina well

a Hagar is Maha a little makina well Lily well I had the 10 hi I’m Ella in my

Lily well I had the 10 hi I’m Ella in my

Lily well I had the 10 hi I’m Ella in my family in hospital in Harlem aguada

family in hospital in Harlem aguada

family in hospital in Harlem aguada Alison had the bible study rolla i doubt

Alison had the bible study rolla i doubt

Alison had the bible study rolla i doubt the machine will do the same thing i

the machine will do the same thing i

the machine will do the same thing i doubt the machine will be stuck in

doubt the machine will be stuck in

doubt the machine will be stuck in social construction I doubt the machine

social construction I doubt the machine

social construction I doubt the machine will think about whether it said the

will think about whether it said the

will think about whether it said the right thing at the wrong time or the

right thing at the wrong time or the

right thing at the wrong time or the wrong thing at the right time it just

wrong thing at the right time it just

wrong thing at the right time it just moves on however we are stuck in in our

moves on however we are stuck in in our

moves on however we are stuck in in our own way because you’re not really

own way because you’re not really

own way because you’re not really letting your brain do the action for you

letting your brain do the action for you

letting your brain do the action for you you’re not really letting your brain

you’re not really letting your brain

you’re not really letting your brain fire for you and then you become someone

fire for you and then you become someone

fire for you and then you become someone who’s just standing in their own way

who’s just standing in their own way

who’s just standing in their own way with history you can see that as well

when the idea for example of a nuclear

when the idea for example of a nuclear family was invented maybe in the 60s

family was invented maybe in the 60s

family was invented maybe in the 60s that the perfect family the perfect

that the perfect family the perfect

that the perfect family the perfect coexistence is a father and mother two

coexistence is a father and mother two

coexistence is a father and mother two kids they work and this is the family

kids they work and this is the family

kids they work and this is the family this is a social construction and you’re

this is a social construction and you’re

this is a social construction and you’re being stuck in that thou as said before

being stuck in that thou as said before

being stuck in that thou as said before I in five six years ago Egypt was in a

I in five six years ago Egypt was in a

I in five six years ago Egypt was in a chaotic state and given that chaotic

chaotic state and given that chaotic

chaotic state and given that chaotic state I observed something really weird

state I observed something really weird

state I observed something really weird I observe people who would wear head

I observe people who would wear head

I observe people who would wear head canizal killa killa hiya who dial with

canizal killa killa hiya who dial with

canizal killa killa hiya who dial with saguaro gambas are alpha color is our

saguaro gambas are alpha color is our

saguaro gambas are alpha color is our home game The Hague a puteri ok now a

home game The Hague a puteri ok now a

home game The Hague a puteri ok now a machine out Lily will not do that and

machine out Lily will not do that and

machine out Lily will not do that and the amazing thing about us humans is

the amazing thing about us humans is

the amazing thing about us humans is that we imitate for the sake of

that we imitate for the sake of

that we imitate for the sake of imitation we exist

imitation we exist

imitation we exist with the sake of existence and we

with the sake of existence and we

with the sake of existence and we communicate for the sake of

communicate for the sake of

communicate for the sake of communication so we don’t really need

communication so we don’t really need

communication so we don’t really need that Woody Woodpecker that glowing light

that Woody Woodpecker that glowing light

that Woody Woodpecker that glowing light or that salient goal just communicating

or that salient goal just communicating

or that salient goal just communicating or being around one another is good

or being around one another is good

or being around one another is good enough so in some and I’ll make it short

enough so in some and I’ll make it short

enough so in some and I’ll make it short but sweet all those experiments we done

but sweet all those experiments we done

but sweet all those experiments we done ages ago and that by that I mean

ages ago and that by that I mean

ages ago and that by that I mean possibly in the late nineteen hundreds

possibly in the late nineteen hundreds

possibly in the late nineteen hundreds early 2000s now we’re in 2017 and I

early 2000s now we’re in 2017 and I

early 2000s now we’re in 2017 and I would like to ask you not to use your

would like to ask you not to use your

would like to ask you not to use your brain but to let your brain use you to

brain but to let your brain use you to

brain but to let your brain use you to let your brain function well because

let your brain function well because

let your brain function well because it’s functioning perfectly and my being

it’s functioning perfectly and my being

it’s functioning perfectly and my being here is just to communicate that now as

here is just to communicate that now as

here is just to communicate that now as a final point I recall when I came back

a final point I recall when I came back

a final point I recall when I came back from France I met with an old friend and

from France I met with an old friend and

from France I met with an old friend and that friend was trying to learn French

that friend was trying to learn French

that friend was trying to learn French and they asked me if I recommended any

and they asked me if I recommended any

and they asked me if I recommended any book and I said well Albert Camus is a

book and I said well Albert Camus is a

book and I said well Albert Camus is a good book you can read about mythology

good book you can read about mythology

good book you can read about mythology or whatever and that friend from Egypt

or whatever and that friend from Egypt

or whatever and that friend from Egypt told me lo haga host mojito tell are

told me lo haga host mojito tell are

told me lo haga host mojito tell are smoking jajaja fish haga telephone

smoking jajaja fish haga telephone

smoking jajaja fish haga telephone oaxaca fish hey girl joseph MO Hawk

oaxaca fish hey girl joseph MO Hawk

oaxaca fish hey girl joseph MO Hawk intellect odd that Cayenne Africa with

intellect odd that Cayenne Africa with

intellect odd that Cayenne Africa with host of mosca kenton African state

host of mosca kenton African state

host of mosca kenton African state muchacho esta sib mocha Costa girl and

muchacho esta sib mocha Costa girl and

muchacho esta sib mocha Costa girl and you’ll be just fine thank you very much

you’ll be just fine thank you very much

you’ll be just fine thank you very much [Applause]