okay good afternoon everyone I’m Terri Garcia and I’m the chief science and
Garcia and I’m the chief science and
Garcia and I’m the chief science and exploration officer here at National
exploration officer here at National
exploration officer here at National Geographic and this is our first panel
Geographic and this is our first panel
Geographic and this is our first panel it’s entitled food security in an
it’s entitled food security in an
it’s entitled food security in an insecure world and you know in a world
insecure world and you know in a world
insecure world and you know in a world that’s buffeted by change environmental
that’s buffeted by change environmental
that’s buffeted by change environmental political demographic the question is
political demographic the question is
political demographic the question is how do we feed a growing population and
how do we feed a growing population and
how do we feed a growing population and we have four experts here who are going
we have four experts here who are going
we have four experts here who are going to tell us how so starting at the far
to tell us how so starting at the far
to tell us how so starting at the far end from me is Dan Glickman who is
end from me is Dan Glickman who is
end from me is Dan Glickman who is co-chair of how do you pronounce this is
co-chair of how do you pronounce this is
co-chair of how do you pronounce this is it agree or agree whatever makes you
it agree or agree whatever makes you
it agree or agree whatever makes you happy
happy
happy well I said Audrey I like the a capital
well I said Audrey I like the a capital
well I said Audrey I like the a capital G all right agree which connects leaders
G all right agree which connects leaders
G all right agree which connects leaders around the world with food and
around the world with food and
around the world with food and agricultural issues he’s the executive
agricultural issues he’s the executive
agricultural issues he’s the executive director of the Aspen Institute
director of the Aspen Institute
director of the Aspen Institute congressional program which seeks to
congressional program which seeks to
congressional program which seeks to educate congress which i think is a good
educate congress which i think is a good
educate congress which i think is a good thing members he was a member of
thing members he was a member of
thing members he was a member of Congress for 18 years US Secretary of
Congress for 18 years US Secretary of
Congress for 18 years US Secretary of Agriculture and chairman of the Motion
Agriculture and chairman of the Motion
Agriculture and chairman of the Motion Picture Association of America so held
Picture Association of America so held
Picture Association of America so held some of the coolest jobs in Washington
some of the coolest jobs in Washington
some of the coolest jobs in Washington tjada mckenna next to Dan is deputy
tjada mckenna next to Dan is deputy
tjada mckenna next to Dan is deputy coordinator for developments at the US
coordinator for developments at the US
coordinator for developments at the US Feed the Future initiative of USAID
Feed the Future initiative of USAID
Feed the Future initiative of USAID she’s also acting an assistant
she’s also acting an assistant
she’s also acting an assistant administrator of USAID x’ bureau for
administrator of USAID x’ bureau for
administrator of USAID x’ bureau for food security she’s held senior
food security she’s held senior
food security she’s held senior positions at the Gates Foundation
positions at the Gates Foundation
positions at the Gates Foundation Monsanto and the McKenzie and company
Monsanto and the McKenzie and company
Monsanto and the McKenzie and company Danielle Nierenberg is co-founder and
Danielle Nierenberg is co-founder and
Danielle Nierenberg is co-founder and president of food tank it’s described as
president of food tank it’s described as
president of food tank it’s described as the food think tank for the seven
the food think tank for the seven
the food think tank for the seven billion who have to eat each day she is
billion who have to eat each day she is
billion who have to eat each day she is an author and co-author of a number of
an author and co-author of a number of
an author and co-author of a number of books that range from topics such as
books that range from topics such as
books that range from topics such as gender and population factory farming
gender and population factory farming
gender and population factory farming and the developing world and sustainable
and the developing world and sustainable
and the developing world and sustainable agriculture she’s traveled extensively
agriculture she’s traveled extensively
agriculture she’s traveled extensively in her job some 30 plus countries
in her job some 30 plus countries
in her job some 30 plus countries sub-saharan Africa Asia Latin America
sub-saharan Africa Asia Latin America
sub-saharan Africa Asia Latin America and was a Peace Corps volunteer in the
and was a Peace Corps volunteer in the
and was a Peace Corps volunteer in the Dominican Republic and then next to me
Dominican Republic and then next to me
Dominican Republic and then next to me is Jackson Claire who is the executive
is Jackson Claire who is the executive
is Jackson Claire who is the executive vice president of the grocery division
vice president of the grocery division
vice president of the grocery division at Walmart us he has responsive
at Walmart us he has responsive
at Walmart us he has responsive ability for Walmart’s grocery
ability for Walmart’s grocery
ability for Walmart’s grocery merchandising at more than 4,000 stores
merchandising at more than 4,000 stores
merchandising at more than 4,000 stores throughout the United States he’s been
throughout the United States he’s been
throughout the United States he’s been in the retail food business since 1982
in the retail food business since 1982
in the retail food business since 1982 holding senior positions at Tesco and
holding senior positions at Tesco and
holding senior positions at Tesco and Safeway among others so let’s start with
Safeway among others so let’s start with
Safeway among others so let’s start with an easy question first a softball for
an easy question first a softball for
an easy question first a softball for you guys
you guys
you guys Jonathan says that it’s unlikely that we
Jonathan says that it’s unlikely that we
Jonathan says that it’s unlikely that we can double food production so what is it
can double food production so what is it
can double food production so what is it going to take to meet the nutritional
going to take to meet the nutritional
going to take to meet the nutritional needs of an additional two billion
needs of an additional two billion
needs of an additional two billion people in the next 40 years given that
people in the next 40 years given that
people in the next 40 years given that we’re not even coming close at this
we’re not even coming close at this
we’re not even coming close at this point so maybe I’ll start with Dan first
point so maybe I’ll start with Dan first
point so maybe I’ll start with Dan first of all thanks to National Geographic
of all thanks to National Geographic
of all thanks to National Geographic can you imagine 20 or 30 years ago
can you imagine 20 or 30 years ago
can you imagine 20 or 30 years ago having this conversation food and
having this conversation food and
having this conversation food and agriculture and diet they finally made
agriculture and diet they finally made
agriculture and diet they finally made it to the level where energy and war and
it to the level where energy and war and
it to the level where energy and war and peace and other issues have been at the
peace and other issues have been at the
peace and other issues have been at the top so that’s really a terrific thing
top so that’s really a terrific thing
top so that’s really a terrific thing and but to answer your question what’s
and but to answer your question what’s
and but to answer your question what’s it going to take in addition to the
it going to take in addition to the
it going to take in addition to the issues that John talked about and more
issues that John talked about and more
issues that John talked about and more funding for research basic research
funding for research basic research
funding for research basic research especially but research on water on
especially but research on water on
especially but research on water on sustainability on drought on nutrition I
sustainability on drought on nutrition I
sustainability on drought on nutrition I mean we’ve let our funding schemes for
mean we’ve let our funding schemes for
mean we’ve let our funding schemes for the research budget and for agriculture
the research budget and for agriculture
the research budget and for agriculture and food fall rather dramatically and
and food fall rather dramatically and
and food fall rather dramatically and that’s that’s what’s built this industry
that’s that’s what’s built this industry
that’s that’s what’s built this industry and our ability to feed the world but
and our ability to feed the world but
and our ability to feed the world but but let me just say two things one is
but let me just say two things one is
but let me just say two things one is I’m an old politician so politics is
I’m an old politician so politics is
I’m an old politician so politics is such a foundational issue for everything
such a foundational issue for everything
such a foundational issue for everything that John and Denis talked about
that John and Denis talked about
that John and Denis talked about politics and America
politics and America
politics and America politics worldwide I was just in Japan
politics worldwide I was just in Japan
politics worldwide I was just in Japan and Japan has got a different system of
and Japan has got a different system of
and Japan has got a different system of Agriculture that they’re working their
Agriculture that they’re working their
Agriculture that they’re working their darndest to protect and it’s a very very
darndest to protect and it’s a very very
darndest to protect and it’s a very very small scale agriculture you look at
small scale agriculture you look at
small scale agriculture you look at agriculture in the United States you
agriculture in the United States you
agriculture in the United States you look at agriculture in Europe and and
look at agriculture in Europe and and
look at agriculture in Europe and and these issues dominate the way policies
these issues dominate the way policies
these issues dominate the way policies are made and so if we’re going to really
are made and so if we’re going to really
are made and so if we’re going to really address this these issues then the
address this these issues then the
address this these issues then the political leaders have to be part of the
political leaders have to be part of the
political leaders have to be part of the game and to date they really haven’t
game and to date they really haven’t
game and to date they really haven’t been very much part of the game the
been very much part of the game the
been very much part of the game the second is governance in these countries
second is governance in these countries
second is governance in these countries if we’re going to make real strides
if we’re going to make real strides
if we’re going to make real strides we’ve got to have systems of governance
we’ve got to have systems of governance
we’ve got to have systems of governance that allow people small holder farmers
that allow people small holder farmers
that allow people small holder farmers average people consumers have impact
average people consumers have impact
average people consumers have impact into the policies and and all
into the policies and and all
into the policies and and all so the democracies to the best extent
so the democracies to the best extent
so the democracies to the best extent possible can flourish so that decisions
possible can flourish so that decisions
possible can flourish so that decisions are not made just because what’s the
are not made just because what’s the
are not made just because what’s the rich and powerful think or just only
rich and powerful think or just only
rich and powerful think or just only because what’s in the best interest of
because what’s in the best interest of
because what’s in the best interest of the poor but for all the population as a
the poor but for all the population as a
the poor but for all the population as a whole so politics governance and
whole so politics governance and
whole so politics governance and research I’ve got more things to say but
research I’ve got more things to say but
research I’ve got more things to say but I think that that has as much to do with
I think that that has as much to do with
I think that that has as much to do with this as anything else one final thing
this as anything else one final thing
this as anything else one final thing there’s an issue that hasn’t been
there’s an issue that hasn’t been
there’s an issue that hasn’t been mentioned by anybody here and that’s the
mentioned by anybody here and that’s the
mentioned by anybody here and that’s the issue of health if you believe you are
issue of health if you believe you are
issue of health if you believe you are what you eat and you watching the amount
what you eat and you watching the amount
what you eat and you watching the amount of non communicable diseases
of non communicable diseases
of non communicable diseases dramatically rise all over the world
dramatically rise all over the world
dramatically rise all over the world cardiovascular diabetes health related
cardiovascular diabetes health related
cardiovascular diabetes health related diseases in almost every context they’re
diseases in almost every context they’re
diseases in almost every context they’re due to what you eat or what you don’t
due to what you eat or what you don’t
due to what you eat or what you don’t eat so the politics of food is also
eat so the politics of food is also
eat so the politics of food is also related very much the politics of health
related very much the politics of health
related very much the politics of health yeah Jay did you want to yeah I
yeah Jay did you want to yeah I
yeah Jay did you want to yeah I absolutely agree with Dan and and I’d
absolutely agree with Dan and and I’d
absolutely agree with Dan and and I’d like to answer that question from a
like to answer that question from a
like to answer that question from a different dimension and that is the
different dimension and that is the
different dimension and that is the dimension of the individual farmer so in
dimension of the individual farmer so in
dimension of the individual farmer so in our work every day we think about the
our work every day we think about the
our work every day we think about the eight hundred and sixty million people
eight hundred and sixty million people
eight hundred and sixty million people that go to bed hungry every night most
that go to bed hungry every night most
that go to bed hungry every night most of them are small farmers predominately
of them are small farmers predominately
of them are small farmers predominately women who are working the land every day
women who are working the land every day
women who are working the land every day for their food so what does that mean
for their food so what does that mean
for their food so what does that mean for them they need the access to the
for them they need the access to the
for them they need the access to the research and the technologies that Dan
research and the technologies that Dan
research and the technologies that Dan mentioned they need to be able to have
mentioned they need to be able to have
mentioned they need to be able to have the better crop varieties and the other
the better crop varieties and the other
the better crop varieties and the other tools to get as much out of their land
tools to get as much out of their land
tools to get as much out of their land as possible they need access to
as possible they need access to
as possible they need access to information about nutrition and other
information about nutrition and other
information about nutrition and other behavioral change things so that they
behavioral change things so that they
behavioral change things so that they can get more calories from what they’re
can get more calories from what they’re
can get more calories from what they’re eating they need a lot of small scale
eating they need a lot of small scale
eating they need a lot of small scale solutions like local storage and things
solutions like local storage and things
solutions like local storage and things that they don’t waste the food that they
that they don’t waste the food that they
that they don’t waste the food that they have but they also need better safety
have but they also need better safety
have but they also need better safety nets and other things that help them to
nets and other things that help them to
nets and other things that help them to be more resilient and to plan and to be
be more resilient and to plan and to be
be more resilient and to plan and to be able to do more in in lean times whether
able to do more in in lean times whether
able to do more in in lean times whether that be crop insurance which is the
that be crop insurance which is the
that be crop insurance which is the thing that most American farmers take
thing that most American farmers take
thing that most American farmers take for granted or just even access to
for granted or just even access to
for granted or just even access to savings account and finance to buy food
savings account and finance to buy food
savings account and finance to buy food when when there is a lean season
when when there is a lean season
when when there is a lean season Danielle did you Karen I would echo a
Danielle did you Karen I would echo a
Danielle did you Karen I would echo a lot of what Dan and Jada said but I
lot of what Dan and Jada said but I
lot of what Dan and Jada said but I think we also need to start investing in
think we also need to start investing in
think we also need to start investing in the things that we already know work you
the things that we already know work you
the things that we already know work you know we’ve had this practice of
know we’ve had this practice of
know we’ve had this practice of agricultural abandonment for 30 or 40
agricultural abandonment for 30 or 40
agricultural abandonment for 30 or 40 years now where we completely ignored
years now where we completely ignored
years now where we completely ignored small-scale farmers we ignored
small-scale farmers we ignored
small-scale farmers we ignored agriculture and then you know
agriculture and then you know
agriculture and then you know food crisis of 2007 and 2008 hit you
food crisis of 2007 and 2008 hit you
food crisis of 2007 and 2008 hit you know that really hasn’t gone away and
know that really hasn’t gone away and
know that really hasn’t gone away and we’re interested in agriculture again
we’re interested in agriculture again
we’re interested in agriculture again because we’re scared we see food riots
because we’re scared we see food riots
because we’re scared we see food riots we see people really suffering and who
we see people really suffering and who
we see people really suffering and who have long been ignored so investing in
have long been ignored so investing in
have long been ignored so investing in things like nutrient-dense crops and not
things like nutrient-dense crops and not
things like nutrient-dense crops and not the starchy staple crops that have
the starchy staple crops that have
the starchy staple crops that have gotten so much investment over the last
gotten so much investment over the last
gotten so much investment over the last three or four decades investing in the
three or four decades investing in the
three or four decades investing in the things that actually nourish people will
things that actually nourish people will
things that actually nourish people will go a long way in solving some of these
go a long way in solving some of these
go a long way in solving some of these problems
problems
problems things that you know Jada mentioned you
things that you know Jada mentioned you
things that you know Jada mentioned you know investing in women women make up 43
know investing in women women make up 43
know investing in women women make up 43 percent of the agricultural labor force
percent of the agricultural labor force
percent of the agricultural labor force and yet get very little in terms of
and yet get very little in terms of
and yet get very little in terms of services they don’t have access to
services they don’t have access to
services they don’t have access to education or extension services they
education or extension services they
education or extension services they don’t have access to financial services
don’t have access to financial services
don’t have access to financial services or credit and and they they don’t get
or credit and and they they don’t get
or credit and and they they don’t get access to inputs and some of the
access to inputs and some of the
access to inputs and some of the services that male farmers do and if if
services that male farmers do and if if
services that male farmers do and if if we can give them those services and find
we can give them those services and find
we can give them those services and find ways to create that access IFA predicts
ways to create that access IFA predicts
ways to create that access IFA predicts that we could lift 100 to 150 million
that we could lift 100 to 150 million
that we could lift 100 to 150 million people out of hunger and poverty so
people out of hunger and poverty so
people out of hunger and poverty so those are some steps that need to be
those are some steps that need to be
those are some steps that need to be taken and Jack yeah first of all thanks
taken and Jack yeah first of all thanks
taken and Jack yeah first of all thanks to National Geographic for what they’re
to National Geographic for what they’re
to National Geographic for what they’re doing it I really think it’s terrific
doing it I really think it’s terrific
doing it I really think it’s terrific they’ve always National Geographic to me
they’ve always National Geographic to me
they’ve always National Geographic to me when I was a little boy was always a
when I was a little boy was always a
when I was a little boy was always a window in the world and I think putting
window in the world and I think putting
window in the world and I think putting a window in the world of this issue is a
a window in the world of this issue is a
a window in the world of this issue is a really important one so I really
really important one so I really
really important one so I really appreciate the fact that we’ve all be
appreciate the fact that we’ve all be
appreciate the fact that we’ve all be pulled together here when it comes to
pulled together here when it comes to
pulled together here when it comes to how we think about the challenge of
how we think about the challenge of
how we think about the challenge of sourcing the amount of food that Walmart
sourcing the amount of food that Walmart
sourcing the amount of food that Walmart we sell more food than anybody else our
we sell more food than anybody else our
we sell more food than anybody else our big challenges how do we source more of
big challenges how do we source more of
big challenges how do we source more of that food and we think the challenge
that food and we think the challenge
that food and we think the challenge that we face are trying to buy a lot
that we face are trying to buy a lot
that we face are trying to buy a lot more food kind of mirrors the challenge
more food kind of mirrors the challenge
more food kind of mirrors the challenge of how do we create more food for the
of how do we create more food for the
of how do we create more food for the world and it really is I thought some of
world and it really is I thought some of
world and it really is I thought some of the the discussion that we had just a
the the discussion that we had just a
the the discussion that we had just a moment ago some of the things that
moment ago some of the things that
moment ago some of the things that you’ve all talked about how do we create
you’ve all talked about how do we create
you’ve all talked about how do we create more food more efficiently as we look at
more food more efficiently as we look at
more food more efficiently as we look at the challenge of buying a billion pounds
the challenge of buying a billion pounds
the challenge of buying a billion pounds more bananas between now and 2018 how
more bananas between now and 2018 how
more bananas between now and 2018 how are we going to use water more
are we going to use water more
are we going to use water more effectively how are we going to use the
effectively how are we going to use the
effectively how are we going to use the the resources of the planet more
the resources of the planet more
the resources of the planet more effectively to produce that we
effectively to produce that we
effectively to produce that we fundamentally believe technology plays a
fundamentally believe technology plays a
fundamentally believe technology plays a huge role in that the role of technology
huge role in that the role of technology
huge role in that the role of technology at trying to make
at trying to make
at trying to make food more efficient and more efficiently
food more efficient and more efficiently
food more efficient and more efficiently produced we think fundamentally those
produced we think fundamentally those
produced we think fundamentally those opportunities to use areas of the world
opportunities to use areas of the world
opportunities to use areas of the world where there is fertile land available to
where there is fertile land available to
where there is fertile land available to produce we think in the United States
produce we think in the United States
produce we think in the United States about the Mississippi River Delta the
about the Mississippi River Delta the
about the Mississippi River Delta the opportunity to produce more food in that
opportunity to produce more food in that
opportunity to produce more food in that environment and those opportunities
environment and those opportunities
environment and those opportunities within the local farming to within the
within the local farming to within the
within the local farming to within the local farming movement which are very
local farming movement which are very
local farming movement which are very supportive of how to create more crops
supportive of how to create more crops
supportive of how to create more crops closer to where we sell the food that we
closer to where we sell the food that we
closer to where we sell the food that we want to produce and the other point I
want to produce and the other point I
want to produce and the other point I think is really important is the food
think is really important is the food
think is really important is the food waste point food waste is such a kind of
waste point food waste is such a kind of
waste point food waste is such a kind of it’s all morally bankrupt the amount of
it’s all morally bankrupt the amount of
it’s all morally bankrupt the amount of food waste that happens in the in the
food waste that happens in the in the
food waste that happens in the in the world and part of the issues are small
world and part of the issues are small
world and part of the issues are small issues of what happens in consumers
issues of what happens in consumers
issues of what happens in consumers homes there’s some packaging
homes there’s some packaging
homes there’s some packaging opportunities in that as ways of of we
opportunities in that as ways of of we
opportunities in that as ways of of we as a consumer company making some
as a consumer company making some
as a consumer company making some improvement there those challenges in
improvement there those challenges in
improvement there those challenges in terms of the supply chain
terms of the supply chain
terms of the supply chain how do products travel such a long way
how do products travel such a long way
how do products travel such a long way in the waste that’s involved in that
in the waste that’s involved in that
in the waste that’s involved in that traveling those ways of doing that more
traveling those ways of doing that more
traveling those ways of doing that more efficiently going forward and we’re
efficiently going forward and we’re
efficiently going forward and we’re thinking about that and then there’s
thinking about that and then there’s
thinking about that and then there’s some pretty big things I they had the
some pretty big things I they had the
some pretty big things I they had the opportunity to be in Peru last last week
opportunity to be in Peru last last week
opportunity to be in Peru last last week which is a fascinating country a real
which is a fascinating country a real
which is a fascinating country a real natural greenhouse where the cooling
natural greenhouse where the cooling
natural greenhouse where the cooling airs of the Antarctic me they’re a very
airs of the Antarctic me they’re a very
airs of the Antarctic me they’re a very warm country appropriate for a lot of
warm country appropriate for a lot of
warm country appropriate for a lot of agriculture growth but irrigation
agriculture growth but irrigation
agriculture growth but irrigation schemes that allow the deserts to turn
schemes that allow the deserts to turn
schemes that allow the deserts to turn into blueberry fields and asparagus
into blueberry fields and asparagus
into blueberry fields and asparagus fields astonishing to watch but you need
fields astonishing to watch but you need
fields astonishing to watch but you need roads
roads
roads you need airports you need ports to
you need airports you need ports to
you need airports you need ports to enable some of that product to get to
enable some of that product to get to
enable some of that product to get to the cut to get to the consumer so we’re
the cut to get to the consumer so we’re
the cut to get to the consumer so we’re getting last waste if you look to the
getting last waste if you look to the
getting last waste if you look to the chart there India’s an amazingly fertile
chart there India’s an amazingly fertile
chart there India’s an amazingly fertile country it’s astonishing the amount of
country it’s astonishing the amount of
country it’s astonishing the amount of food that’s produced in India and then
food that’s produced in India and then
food that’s produced in India and then wasted because it just can’t get to
wasted because it just can’t get to
wasted because it just can’t get to market because the infrastructure aren’t
market because the infrastructure aren’t
market because the infrastructure aren’t there which downlinks a lot to the
there which downlinks a lot to the
there which downlinks a lot to the politics of how do we create the
politics of how do we create the
politics of how do we create the politics to create the infrastructure
politics to create the infrastructure
politics to create the infrastructure and I think USAID and some of the what
and I think USAID and some of the what
and I think USAID and some of the what you guys are doing to try and make that
you guys are doing to try and make that
you guys are doing to try and make that come alive it’s going to be important
come alive it’s going to be important
come alive it’s going to be important going forward good good
going forward good good
going forward good good right now you’re very ambitious let’s
right now you’re very ambitious let’s
right now you’re very ambitious let’s maybe we stick with how do you source
maybe we stick with how do you source
maybe we stick with how do you source more food and I’d like to get your
more food and I’d like to get your
more food and I’d like to get your comments on this this growing phenomenon
comments on this this growing phenomenon
comments on this this growing phenomenon that we’re seeing of rich countries
that we’re seeing of rich countries
that we’re seeing of rich countries buying or it’s been called renting food
buying or it’s been called renting food
buying or it’s been called renting food poor ones to increase their own food
poor ones to increase their own food
poor ones to increase their own food supply and how big an issue is that or
supply and how big an issue is that or
supply and how big an issue is that or problem and if it is what do we do about
problem and if it is what do we do about
problem and if it is what do we do about it and I think I’ll start with Jada it’s
it and I think I’ll start with Jada it’s
it and I think I’ll start with Jada it’s done correctly it’s an opportunity if it
done correctly it’s an opportunity if it
done correctly it’s an opportunity if it provides a market for for food from
provides a market for for food from
provides a market for for food from these countries and allows more income
these countries and allows more income
these countries and allows more income for the people that are benefiting from
for the people that are benefiting from
for the people that are benefiting from that trade to then be able to buy other
that trade to then be able to buy other
that trade to then be able to buy other food locally that that’s appropriate
food locally that that’s appropriate
food locally that that’s appropriate where it’s irresponsible is where people
where it’s irresponsible is where people
where it’s irresponsible is where people think of the plan grabs and that and
think of the plan grabs and that and
think of the plan grabs and that and that is something that there’s a lot
that is something that there’s a lot
that is something that there’s a lot more transparency needed in terms of
more transparency needed in terms of
more transparency needed in terms of what’s happening where land is going
what’s happening where land is going
what’s happening where land is going more responsible land tenure systems and
more responsible land tenure systems and
more responsible land tenure systems and there are other safeguards that we need
there are other safeguards that we need
there are other safeguards that we need to put in place to prevent that from you
to put in place to prevent that from you
to put in place to prevent that from you know if you were if you’re from China
know if you were if you’re from China
know if you were if you’re from China and you’re looking down the road you
and you’re looking down the road you
and you’re looking down the road you have 1.3 billion people and you want to
have 1.3 billion people and you want to
have 1.3 billion people and you want to keep those people happy and not marching
keep those people happy and not marching
keep those people happy and not marching in Beijing the Great Hall the people
in Beijing the Great Hall the people
in Beijing the Great Hall the people then you’re going to kind of figure out
then you’re going to kind of figure out
then you’re going to kind of figure out how you’re going to feed these people in
how you’re going to feed these people in
how you’re going to feed these people in the future well you’re going to buy a
the future well you’re going to buy a
the future well you’re going to buy a lot from like the United States and
lot from like the United States and
lot from like the United States and elsewhere which they do but you’re also
elsewhere which they do but you’re also
elsewhere which they do but you’re also going to try to source that as much as
going to try to source that as much as
going to try to source that as much as you possibly can and so they’re out
you possibly can and so they’re out
you possibly can and so they’re out Latin America and East Africa and other
Latin America and East Africa and other
Latin America and East Africa and other places buying a lot of land and it’s a
places buying a lot of land and it’s a
places buying a lot of land and it’s a problem I have to tell you it because
problem I have to tell you it because
problem I have to tell you it because often with those purchases do not go
often with those purchases do not go
often with those purchases do not go good farming practices good
good farming practices good
good farming practices good sustainability practices and democracy
sustainability practices and democracy
sustainability practices and democracy building activities so it’s got to
building activities so it’s got to
building activities so it’s got to really be watched carefully and folks
really be watched carefully and folks
really be watched carefully and folks like the UN University people we need to
like the UN University people we need to
like the UN University people we need to make sure we have the data on this so
make sure we have the data on this so
make sure we have the data on this so people see it happening but on the other
people see it happening but on the other
people see it happening but on the other hand the fact that matter is we’re
hand the fact that matter is we’re
hand the fact that matter is we’re telling people to eat more fruits and
telling people to eat more fruits and
telling people to eat more fruits and vegetables you know I wish we could grow
vegetables you know I wish we could grow
vegetables you know I wish we could grow them all in the United States but then
them all in the United States but then
them all in the United States but then let until global warming really hits us
let until global warming really hits us
let until global warming really hits us we’re not going to be able to grow as as
we’re not going to be able to grow as as
we’re not going to be able to grow as as much blueberries and tangerines and
much blueberries and tangerines and
much blueberries and tangerines and citrus and avocados and other things in
citrus and avocados and other things in
citrus and avocados and other things in the United States so we’re going to have
the United States so we’re going to have
the United States so we’re going to have to buy those elsewhere and there’s a
to buy those elsewhere and there’s a
to buy those elsewhere and there’s a great opportunity I think as long as
great opportunity I think as long as
great opportunity I think as long as we’re fair in our trade practices and as
we’re fair in our trade practices and as
we’re fair in our trade practices and as long as we try to build up working
long as we try to build up working
long as we try to build up working conditions in places where we buy
conditions in places where we buy
conditions in places where we buy because we buy coffee almost everywhere
because we buy coffee almost everywhere
because we buy coffee almost everywhere in the world and a lot of the companies
in the world and a lot of the companies
in the world and a lot of the companies are in fact doing a better job of making
are in fact doing a better job of making
are in fact doing a better job of making sure that people are treated well there
sure that people are treated well there
sure that people are treated well there is we’ve got to make sure as we buy
is we’ve got to make sure as we buy
is we’ve got to make sure as we buy these that we
these that we
these that we encourage sustainable practices in the
encourage sustainable practices in the
encourage sustainable practices in the process and if we do that then we can
process and if we do that then we can
process and if we do that then we can build up those countries and not tear
build up those countries and not tear
build up those countries and not tear them down this is an opportunity for
them down this is an opportunity for
them down this is an opportunity for groups like the rainforest alliance who
groups like the rainforest alliance who
groups like the rainforest alliance who works very closely with smallholder
works very closely with smallholder
works very closely with smallholder farmers all over the world to put those
farmers all over the world to put those
farmers all over the world to put those practices in place so that both the
practices in place so that both the
practices in place so that both the farmers are getting a fair price for
farmers are getting a fair price for
farmers are getting a fair price for what they’re growing and we as eaters
what they’re growing and we as eaters
what they’re growing and we as eaters can feel good about it so that we don’t
can feel good about it so that we don’t
can feel good about it so that we don’t because there’s not this transparency in
because there’s not this transparency in
because there’s not this transparency in the food system that we would all like
the food system that we would all like
the food system that we would all like you know these these sorts of Fairtrade
you know these these sorts of Fairtrade
you know these these sorts of Fairtrade standard and certification programs are
standard and certification programs are
standard and certification programs are very important and the rainforest
very important and the rainforest
very important and the rainforest alliance really does this better than
alliance really does this better than
alliance really does this better than anyone so I certainly think transparency
anyone so I certainly think transparency
anyone so I certainly think transparency is gonna help all of us I think there
is gonna help all of us I think there
is gonna help all of us I think there that the inevitability is we are we have
that the inevitability is we are we have
that the inevitability is we are we have to source food from all over the world
to source food from all over the world
to source food from all over the world you go no matter how good your local
you go no matter how good your local
you go no matter how good your local program is we have to buy bananas from
program is we have to buy bananas from
program is we have to buy bananas from Costa Rica it is just the way it is and
Costa Rica it is just the way it is and
Costa Rica it is just the way it is and that’s because and people want to buy
that’s because and people want to buy
that’s because and people want to buy that we’ll always be standing for giving
that we’ll always be standing for giving
that we’ll always be standing for giving people choice to buy or anything that
people choice to buy or anything that
people choice to buy or anything that they want to buy and finding a way of
they want to buy and finding a way of
they want to buy and finding a way of creating availability for customers
creating availability for customers
creating availability for customers within that context we have to try and
within that context we have to try and
within that context we have to try and do it as efficiently as we can an
do it as efficiently as we can an
do it as efficiently as we can an efficiency often comes from sharing best
efficiency often comes from sharing best
efficiency often comes from sharing best practice it’s really interesting when
practice it’s really interesting when
practice it’s really interesting when you look at things like the use of
you look at things like the use of
you look at things like the use of fertilizer if we could use less
fertilizer if we could use less
fertilizer if we could use less fertilizer I think the world will be in
fertilizer I think the world will be in
fertilizer I think the world will be in a better place for carbon emissions and
a better place for carbon emissions and
a better place for carbon emissions and the impact on on climate but it’s quite
the impact on on climate but it’s quite
the impact on on climate but it’s quite interesting in certain parts of the
interesting in certain parts of the
interesting in certain parts of the world it’s being used very efficiently
world it’s being used very efficiently
world it’s being used very efficiently another part of the world not being used
another part of the world not being used
another part of the world not being used efficiently how can I think there’s
efficiently how can I think there’s
efficiently how can I think there’s opportunities for us to learn in terms
opportunities for us to learn in terms
opportunities for us to learn in terms of what’s happening in one place and
of what’s happening in one place and
of what’s happening in one place and applying in other places which actually
applying in other places which actually
applying in other places which actually well I think strengthen food security
well I think strengthen food security
well I think strengthen food security going forward
going forward
going forward and actually hopefully bring price of
and actually hopefully bring price of
and actually hopefully bring price of food down one of the challenges that we
food down one of the challenges that we
food down one of the challenges that we we always think about is as we try and
we always think about is as we try and
we always think about is as we try and get to food security what is the impact
get to food security what is the impact
get to food security what is the impact on the price for the customer because
on the price for the customer because
on the price for the customer because the biggest threat to food security is
the biggest threat to food security is
the biggest threat to food security is if the price of commodity price of foods
if the price of commodity price of foods
if the price of commodity price of foods go up and people literally get dragged
go up and people literally get dragged
go up and people literally get dragged into hunger so the thought that the
into hunger so the thought that the
into hunger so the thought that the forces that try and bring the price of
forces that try and bring the price of
forces that try and bring the price of food down to drive efficiency is a very
food down to drive efficiency is a very
food down to drive efficiency is a very important force to ensure that we get
important force to ensure that we get
important force to ensure that we get the
the
the security of the food that we need can I
security of the food that we need can I
security of the food that we need can I just mention one u.s. farm policy let’s
just mention one u.s. farm policy let’s
just mention one u.s. farm policy let’s bring a little bit down to earth for
bring a little bit down to earth for
bring a little bit down to earth for years and years if you were a US farmer
years and years if you were a US farmer
years and years if you were a US farmer and you wanted a subsidy from the
and you wanted a subsidy from the
and you wanted a subsidy from the government and you planted one of the
government and you planted one of the
government and you planted one of the major crops wheat corn cotton rice and
major crops wheat corn cotton rice and
major crops wheat corn cotton rice and soybeans
soybeans
soybeans you were given a crop base you could
you were given a crop base you could
you were given a crop base you could grow on that but you couldn’t grow
grow on that but you couldn’t grow
grow on that but you couldn’t grow anything else on that so if you wanted
anything else on that so if you wanted
anything else on that so if you wanted to grow peaches or pears or tomatoes on
to grow peaches or pears or tomatoes on
to grow peaches or pears or tomatoes on your weak base now this is modern
your weak base now this is modern
your weak base now this is modern America this isn’t 19th century or 20th
America this isn’t 19th century or 20th
America this isn’t 19th century or 20th century Russia this is America you
century Russia this is America you
century Russia this is America you couldn’t plant those crops or else you’d
couldn’t plant those crops or else you’d
couldn’t plant those crops or else you’d lose all your payments on your base of
lose all your payments on your base of
lose all your payments on your base of wheat corn cotton rice and soybeans so
wheat corn cotton rice and soybeans so
wheat corn cotton rice and soybeans so what did that mean that meant that vast
what did that mean that meant that vast
what did that mean that meant that vast areas of the country that could be
areas of the country that could be
areas of the country that could be planted to alternative crops in addition
planted to alternative crops in addition
planted to alternative crops in addition to the base crops couldn’t because a
to the base crops couldn’t because a
to the base crops couldn’t because a farmer couldn’t do it this farm bill
farmer couldn’t do it this farm bill
farmer couldn’t do it this farm bill changed that a little bit it also
changed that a little bit it also
changed that a little bit it also allowed for the first time to buy risk
allowed for the first time to buy risk
allowed for the first time to buy risk management and crop insurance on new
management and crop insurance on new
management and crop insurance on new crops so I mean it’s just kind of a
crops so I mean it’s just kind of a
crops so I mean it’s just kind of a simple thing that you know you tried it
simple thing that you know you tried it
simple thing that you know you tried it want to bring as much flexibility into
want to bring as much flexibility into
want to bring as much flexibility into the American folk I’m just I’m an
the American folk I’m just I’m an
the American folk I’m just I’m an American farm world the European farm
American farm world the European farm
American farm world the European farm world is even far more complicated and
world is even far more complicated and
world is even far more complicated and rigid in the American farm world but
rigid in the American farm world but
rigid in the American farm world but just a thing that maybe that will help
just a thing that maybe that will help
just a thing that maybe that will help us realize we can grow a lot of things
us realize we can grow a lot of things
us realize we can grow a lot of things in this country that we haven’t been
in this country that we haven’t been
in this country that we haven’t been growing and I think that I as the price
growing and I think that I as the price
growing and I think that I as the price of energy continues to rise there’s more
of energy continues to rise there’s more
of energy continues to rise there’s more opportunities to have more local
opportunities to have more local
opportunities to have more local production it’s really interesting in in
production it’s really interesting in in
production it’s really interesting in in Arkansas which used to be I’m from
Arkansas which used to be I’m from
Arkansas which used to be I’m from Arkansas you can tell from my Arkansas
Arkansas you can tell from my Arkansas
Arkansas you can tell from my Arkansas used to grow a lot of the nation’s
used to grow a lot of the nation’s
used to grow a lot of the nation’s apples and because the soil in
apples and because the soil in
apples and because the soil in Washington is better and it’s easier to
Washington is better and it’s easier to
Washington is better and it’s easier to grow up there won’t arraign it but
grow up there won’t arraign it but
grow up there won’t arraign it but apples started to produced a huge volume
apples started to produced a huge volume
apples started to produced a huge volume and a lot of second third generation are
and a lot of second third generation are
and a lot of second third generation are Kansans our own Washington grown apples
Kansans our own Washington grown apples
Kansans our own Washington grown apples as the price of energy changes that
as the price of energy changes that
as the price of energy changes that bringing it across the country it’s not
bringing it across the country it’s not
bringing it across the country it’s not changes not drives I think that’s going
changes not drives I think that’s going
changes not drives I think that’s going to be one of the economic drivers to get
to be one of the economic drivers to get
to be one of the economic drivers to get more local production of crops are
more local production of crops are
more local production of crops are perfectly perfectly high-quality and can
perfectly perfectly high-quality and can
perfectly perfectly high-quality and can be done the right way
be done the right way
be done the right way closer to home yeah I’m at you know I
closer to home yeah I’m at you know I
closer to home yeah I’m at you know I think the the drought that hit the
think the the drought that hit the
think the the drought that hit the Midwest in the 2012 in 2012 and the
Midwest in the 2012 in 2012 and the
Midwest in the 2012 in 2012 and the drought that’s occurring in California
drought that’s occurring in California
drought that’s occurring in California right now is making farmers and eaters
right now is making farmers and eaters
right now is making farmers and eaters sort of rethink
sort of rethink
sort of rethink production you know because the crops
production you know because the crops
production you know because the crops that they could grow you know 10 or 15
that they could grow you know 10 or 15
that they could grow you know 10 or 15 years ago aren’t going there they might
years ago aren’t going there they might
years ago aren’t going there they might not be able to grow them 10 or 15 years
not be able to grow them 10 or 15 years
not be able to grow them 10 or 15 years from now and this is a real opportunity
from now and this is a real opportunity
from now and this is a real opportunity for us to learn what you know from small
for us to learn what you know from small
for us to learn what you know from small farmers in the developing world have
farmers in the developing world have
farmers in the developing world have been adapting to variations in weather
been adapting to variations in weather
been adapting to variations in weather and climate change for a while now
and climate change for a while now
and climate change for a while now they’ve they’ve been able to change
they’ve they’ve been able to change
they’ve they’ve been able to change their practices and we have a lot to
their practices and we have a lot to
their practices and we have a lot to learn from them it’s it’s not always the
learn from them it’s it’s not always the
learn from them it’s it’s not always the other way around where we have you know
other way around where we have you know
other way around where we have you know we can teach them something that we can
we can teach them something that we can
we can teach them something that we can also learn from them okay so Jonathan
also learn from them okay so Jonathan
also learn from them okay so Jonathan mentioned in his opening remarks that we
mentioned in his opening remarks that we
mentioned in his opening remarks that we also have to change behavior you know
also have to change behavior you know
also have to change behavior you know how and and what we eat and at the
how and and what we eat and at the
how and and what we eat and at the beginning of this panel we talked about
beginning of this panel we talked about
beginning of this panel we talked about the fact that we have a growing
the fact that we have a growing
the fact that we have a growing population two billion more people are
population two billion more people are
population two billion more people are going to be added but we’re also seeing
going to be added but we’re also seeing
going to be added but we’re also seeing this other phenomenon of massive
this other phenomenon of massive
this other phenomenon of massive urbanization around the world where in
urbanization around the world where in
urbanization around the world where in many cases you’re going to have a richer
many cases you’re going to have a richer
many cases you’re going to have a richer population demanding more food how is
population demanding more food how is
population demanding more food how is that going to impact this this dialogue
that going to impact this this dialogue
that going to impact this this dialogue that we’re having now this issue we’re
that we’re having now this issue we’re
that we’re having now this issue we’re looking at the opportunities that that
looking at the opportunities that that
looking at the opportunities that that creates so for one of the things that
creates so for one of the things that
creates so for one of the things that we’re trying to do is keep rural
we’re trying to do is keep rural
we’re trying to do is keep rural environments healthy and strong and to
environments healthy and strong and to
environments healthy and strong and to provide good livelihoods for rural
provide good livelihoods for rural
provide good livelihoods for rural producers in the developing world so
producers in the developing world so
producers in the developing world so those urban markets become a source of
those urban markets become a source of
those urban markets become a source of that those are markets for those farmers
that those are markets for those farmers
that those are markets for those farmers so we’re looking for transport solutions
so we’re looking for transport solutions
so we’re looking for transport solutions and storage solutions to get to them I
and storage solutions to get to them I
and storage solutions to get to them I mean the other piece of that behavior
mean the other piece of that behavior
mean the other piece of that behavior changes as we know and as Jonathan
changes as we know and as Jonathan
changes as we know and as Jonathan talked about as consumers get more
talked about as consumers get more
talked about as consumers get more income their diets change or they begin
income their diets change or they begin
income their diets change or they begin to think things that they might have had
to think things that they might have had
to think things that they might have had back in the village and a field like the
back in the village and a field like the
back in the village and a field like the indigenous vegetables that were grown
indigenous vegetables that were grown
indigenous vegetables that were grown there all of a sudden aren’t good enough
there all of a sudden aren’t good enough
there all of a sudden aren’t good enough well they’re great enough they’re much
well they’re great enough they’re much
well they’re great enough they’re much healthier than some of the other things
healthier than some of the other things
healthier than some of the other things that they might replace those things
that they might replace those things
that they might replace those things with so I think there is this there’s
with so I think there is this there’s
with so I think there is this there’s this continuing education and behavior
this continuing education and behavior
this continuing education and behavior change dynamic especially for the urban
change dynamic especially for the urban
change dynamic especially for the urban populations occur further away but also
populations occur further away but also
populations occur further away but also as the rural economies grow convincing
as the rural economies grow convincing
as the rural economies grow convincing those rule that the some of the foods
those rule that the some of the foods
those rule that the some of the foods that you were eating before like sorghum
that you were eating before like sorghum
that you were eating before like sorghum are these leafy green indigenous
are these leafy green indigenous
are these leafy green indigenous vegetables they’re still great foods
vegetables they’re still great foods
vegetables they’re still great foods that you should continue to eat and
that you should continue to eat and
that you should continue to eat and that we should continue to be marketing
that we should continue to be marketing
that we should continue to be marketing an urban environment you know you know
an urban environment you know you know
an urban environment you know you know I’ve got this everybody I’m sure
I’ve got this everybody I’m sure
I’ve got this everybody I’m sure everybody in this room has one of these
everybody in this room has one of these
everybody in this room has one of these things I just came back from Guatemala
things I just came back from Guatemala
things I just came back from Guatemala and Honduras on a care sponsored trip
and Honduras on a care sponsored trip
and Honduras on a care sponsored trip I saw more cell towers in Guatemala than
I saw more cell towers in Guatemala than
I saw more cell towers in Guatemala than I’ve seen in the United States they’re
I’ve seen in the United States they’re
I’ve seen in the United States they’re everywhere the the ability to access the
everywhere the the ability to access the
everywhere the the ability to access the internet it was better outside of
internet it was better outside of
internet it was better outside of Guatemala City than any place in
Guatemala City than any place in
Guatemala City than any place in Washington DC that I was at ok and so
Washington DC that I was at ok and so
Washington DC that I was at ok and so what does that mean I mean that has a
what does that mean I mean that has a
what does that mean I mean that has a powerful factor in terms of information
powerful factor in terms of information
powerful factor in terms of information ability to communicate understanding
ability to communicate understanding
ability to communicate understanding what’s happening and giving consumers
what’s happening and giving consumers
what’s happening and giving consumers more power everywhere even poor
more power everywhere even poor
more power everywhere even poor consumers so so the democratization of
consumers so so the democratization of
consumers so so the democratization of the food movement is I think very
the food movement is I think very
the food movement is I think very consistent with new technologies and it
consistent with new technologies and it
consistent with new technologies and it will allow a lot more ability for the
will allow a lot more ability for the
will allow a lot more ability for the consumers to demand things that they
consumers to demand things that they
consumers to demand things that they want and I think that’s a big factor in
want and I think that’s a big factor in
want and I think that’s a big factor in this whole area that it’s somebody said
this whole area that it’s somebody said
this whole area that it’s somebody said I think John said it’s not all bleak
I think John said it’s not all bleak
I think John said it’s not all bleak well part of its not bleak because
well part of its not bleak because
well part of its not bleak because people have the ability to access
people have the ability to access
people have the ability to access information everywhere but it does
information everywhere but it does
information everywhere but it does present a problem because if the world
present a problem because if the world
present a problem because if the world is rapidly urbanizing and if 70% of the
is rapidly urbanizing and if 70% of the
is rapidly urbanizing and if 70% of the water is going to feed crops how do you
water is going to feed crops how do you
water is going to feed crops how do you think the people in urban areas are
think the people in urban areas are
think the people in urban areas are going to react when they can’t get water
going to react when they can’t get water
going to react when they can’t get water what do you think that Chinese
what do you think that Chinese
what do you think that Chinese government is going to do to try to
government is going to do to try to
government is going to do to try to quell let’s say disturbances on the
quell let’s say disturbances on the
quell let’s say disturbances on the ground when people can’t get water and
ground when people can’t get water and
ground when people can’t get water and so I do think that as we talk about this
so I do think that as we talk about this
so I do think that as we talk about this issue of urbanization and we are going
issue of urbanization and we are going
issue of urbanization and we are going to see more farmers markets more growing
to see more farmers markets more growing
to see more farmers markets more growing of crops locally somebody said they were
of crops locally somebody said they were
of crops locally somebody said they were going to be growing more crops on
going to be growing more crops on
going to be growing more crops on building roofs and all that things it’s
building roofs and all that things it’s
building roofs and all that things it’s possible I hope so
possible I hope so
possible I hope so but it does present a enormous potential
but it does present a enormous potential
but it does present a enormous potential conflict of water rights and the ability
conflict of water rights and the ability
conflict of water rights and the ability of consumers in cities to have water and
of consumers in cities to have water and
of consumers in cities to have water and the ability of farmers to go crops and
the ability of farmers to go crops and
the ability of farmers to go crops and raise animals to have water that is an
raise animals to have water that is an
raise animals to have water that is an enormous challenge with regard to
enormous challenge with regard to
enormous challenge with regard to urbanization I think one of the things
urbanization I think one of the things
urbanization I think one of the things that’s quite access to food is not that
that’s quite access to food is not that
that’s quite access to food is not that good in the urban markets of the United
good in the urban markets of the United
good in the urban markets of the United States not that far not far from where
States not that far not far from where
States not that far not far from where we’re sitting here to know here just
we’re sitting here to know here just
we’re sitting here to know here just know does not greet access to
know does not greet access to
know does not greet access to high-quality fresh foods if you go to
high-quality fresh foods if you go to
high-quality fresh foods if you go to Chicago and Los Angeles New York it’s
Chicago and Los Angeles New York it’s
Chicago and Los Angeles New York it’s not easy to access
not easy to access
not easy to access well priced affordable fresh fruits and
well priced affordable fresh fruits and
well priced affordable fresh fruits and that’s certainly when certainly that’s
that’s certainly when certainly that’s
that’s certainly when certainly that’s an important part of some of the things
an important part of some of the things
an important part of some of the things we’re trying to do at Walmart and
we’re trying to do at Walmart and
we’re trying to do at Walmart and building some stores and in urban areas
building some stores and in urban areas
building some stores and in urban areas we’ve got to pretty close to here
we’ve got to pretty close to here
we’ve got to pretty close to here they’ve opened in the last year and part
they’ve opened in the last year and part
they’ve opened in the last year and part of that is how do we bring access we’ve
of that is how do we bring access we’ve
of that is how do we bring access we’ve been very encouraged by the the Let’s
been very encouraged by the the Let’s
been very encouraged by the the Let’s Move program that Michelle Obama worked
Move program that Michelle Obama worked
Move program that Michelle Obama worked on we’ve been trying to support that you
on we’ve been trying to support that you
on we’ve been trying to support that you know in a very proactive way some of the
know in a very proactive way some of the
know in a very proactive way some of the things about changing people’s diets you
things about changing people’s diets you
things about changing people’s diets you can only do so much people have to
can only do so much people have to
can only do so much people have to choose but the one thing we can do is
choose but the one thing we can do is
choose but the one thing we can do is make sure price is not a determining
make sure price is not a determining
make sure price is not a determining factor in people choosing unhealthy
factor in people choosing unhealthy
factor in people choosing unhealthy diets / healthy diets so simple things
diets / healthy diets so simple things
diets / healthy diets so simple things like high sodium soups against low
like high sodium soups against low
like high sodium soups against low sodium soups why can we not at least
sodium soups why can we not at least
sodium soups why can we not at least have them at the same price it tends to
have them at the same price it tends to
have them at the same price it tends to be that the low sodium versions or the
be that the low sodium versions or the
be that the low sodium versions or the the lower sugar versions are the lower
the lower sugar versions are the lower
the lower sugar versions are the lower fat versions tend to be more expensive
fat versions tend to be more expensive
fat versions tend to be more expensive than they stand and we’re doing a lot of
than they stand and we’re doing a lot of
than they stand and we’re doing a lot of work to try and equalize so the choice
work to try and equalize so the choice
work to try and equalize so the choice that people make is based on the choice
that people make is based on the choice
that people make is based on the choice that they want to make from the diets
that they want to make from the diets
that they want to make from the diets point of view not based on price and too
point of view not based on price and too
point of view not based on price and too often there’s not enough access to
often there’s not enough access to
often there’s not enough access to healthy foods fresh foods at the right
healthy foods fresh foods at the right
healthy foods fresh foods at the right prices and that’s something that I think
prices and that’s something that I think
prices and that’s something that I think we can make a difference on and just to
we can make a difference on and just to
we can make a difference on and just to go back to both Dan and Jada’s point
go back to both Dan and Jada’s point
go back to both Dan and Jada’s point about different kinds of foods and and
about different kinds of foods and and
about different kinds of foods and and water again for me it really gets back
water again for me it really gets back
water again for me it really gets back to this investment that needs to happen
to this investment that needs to happen
to this investment that needs to happen in in in different kinds of crops and
in in in different kinds of crops and
in in in different kinds of crops and nutrient dense crops and perhaps that
nutrient dense crops and perhaps that
nutrient dense crops and perhaps that can preserve water resources that it can
can preserve water resources that it can
can preserve water resources that it can enhance soils and you know it takes some
enhance soils and you know it takes some
enhance soils and you know it takes some education and awareness about these
education and awareness about these
education and awareness about these indigenous foods that people have looked
indigenous foods that people have looked
indigenous foods that people have looked down upon because they consider them
down upon because they consider them
down upon because they consider them poor people’s foods or weeds and you
poor people’s foods or weeds and you
poor people’s foods or weeds and you know it’s very interesting when you walk
know it’s very interesting when you walk
know it’s very interesting when you walk into you know a market or a small
into you know a market or a small
into you know a market or a small grocery store in Dakar Abita John you’ll
grocery store in Dakar Abita John you’ll
grocery store in Dakar Abita John you’ll you’ll see very few products actually
you’ll see very few products actually
you’ll see very few products actually produced you know from Senegal or Cote
produced you know from Senegal or Cote
produced you know from Senegal or Cote d’Ivoire in in those markets in those
d’Ivoire in in those markets in those
d’Ivoire in in those markets in those grocery stores so really sort of having
grocery stores so really sort of having
grocery stores so really sort of having a program to really help people value
a program to really help people value
a program to really help people value the food that they grow up on the foods
the food that they grow up on the foods
the food that they grow up on the foods that are regional and local that are
that are regional and local that are
that are regional and local that are culturally
culturally
culturally over it and again nutrient-dense and
over it and again nutrient-dense and
over it and again nutrient-dense and diverse that can really help I think a
diverse that can really help I think a
diverse that can really help I think a lot in urban areas so let’s move to a
lot in urban areas so let’s move to a
lot in urban areas so let’s move to a non-controversial topic what and I’d
non-controversial topic what and I’d
non-controversial topic what and I’d like to hear from each of you what’s the
like to hear from each of you what’s the
like to hear from each of you what’s the role of genetically modified plants and
role of genetically modified plants and
role of genetically modified plants and and should we be seeking to improve
and should we be seeking to improve
and should we be seeking to improve genetic features and characteristics of
genetic features and characteristics of
genetic features and characteristics of crops let’s watch the star question
crops let’s watch the star question
crops let’s watch the star question coming George saw yeah yeah um
coming George saw yeah yeah um
coming George saw yeah yeah um technology’s got a key role to play in
technology’s got a key role to play in
technology’s got a key role to play in terms of driving efficiency and driving
terms of driving efficiency and driving
terms of driving efficiency and driving the economics of producing food more
the economics of producing food more
the economics of producing food more effectively and more to enable us to
effectively and more to enable us to
effectively and more to enable us to produce more food with less resources
produce more food with less resources
produce more food with less resources when I had a really interesting
when I had a really interesting
when I had a really interesting conversation with a farmer from Illinois
conversation with a farmer from Illinois
conversation with a farmer from Illinois this week it was Dana we convened a
this week it was Dana we convened a
this week it was Dana we convened a group of people together at in
group of people together at in
group of people together at in Bentonville and Gilad CEOs from Monsanto
Bentonville and Gilad CEOs from Monsanto
Bentonville and Gilad CEOs from Monsanto and PepsiCo and made some commitments
and PepsiCo and made some commitments
and PepsiCo and made some commitments very specific commitments in their in
very specific commitments in their in
very specific commitments in their in the agriculture space and how we can
the agriculture space and how we can
the agriculture space and how we can reduce greenhouse gases and a number of
reduce greenhouse gases and a number of
reduce greenhouse gases and a number of things and the conversation we had with
things and the conversation we had with
things and the conversation we had with the with a farmer a second thought
the with a farmer a second thought
the with a farmer a second thought generation farmer from Illinois family
generation farmer from Illinois family
generation farmer from Illinois family farm showed his picture of all his of
farm showed his picture of all his of
farm showed his picture of all his of all his children and his grandchildren
all his children and his grandchildren
all his children and his grandchildren and what he talked about was and he very
and what he talked about was and he very
and what he talked about was and he very specifically made the plea please talk
specifically made the plea please talk
specifically made the plea please talk please don’t tell me I can’t use
please don’t tell me I can’t use
please don’t tell me I can’t use genetically modified crops Walmart a
genetically modified crops Walmart a
genetically modified crops Walmart a genetic genetic Lee modified materials
genetic genetic Lee modified materials
genetic genetic Lee modified materials Walmart because my son and my grandsons
Walmart because my son and my grandsons
Walmart because my son and my grandsons are able to produce food without
are able to produce food without
are able to produce food without spraying insecticides which I had to do
spraying insecticides which I had to do
spraying insecticides which I had to do and I want to be able to spray I want
and I want to be able to spray I want
and I want to be able to spray I want them to be able to not have to use
them to be able to not have to use
them to be able to not have to use insecticides so the benefits of GM there
insecticides so the benefits of GM there
insecticides so the benefits of GM there are real benefits of GM it’s not the
are real benefits of GM it’s not the
are real benefits of GM it’s not the panacea to any of the challenges of
panacea to any of the challenges of
panacea to any of the challenges of producing food in the world and I think
producing food in the world and I think
producing food in the world and I think some of the initiatives in smallholders
some of the initiatives in smallholders
some of the initiatives in smallholders and making sure we go back to some of
and making sure we go back to some of
and making sure we go back to some of the principles that worked really
the principles that worked really
the principles that worked really effectively in agriculture over many
effectively in agriculture over many
effectively in agriculture over many centuries are really important as well
centuries are really important as well
centuries are really important as well and it can’t be a very simple solution
and it can’t be a very simple solution
and it can’t be a very simple solution that says GM’s are all the answer and GM
that says GM’s are all the answer and GM
that says GM’s are all the answer and GM not the answer it’s incredibly
not the answer it’s incredibly
not the answer it’s incredibly polarizing issue but I think that a
polarizing issue but I think that a
polarizing issue but I think that a middle ground that makes sense
middle ground that makes sense
middle ground that makes sense of maximising the production of food
of maximising the production of food
of maximising the production of food that we can get from scarce resources
that we can get from scarce resources
that we can get from scarce resources making the environment a better place
making the environment a better place
making the environment a better place going forward while using them
going forward while using them
going forward while using them effectively while not abandoning all the
effectively while not abandoning all the
effectively while not abandoning all the other sensible and creative ways that we
other sensible and creative ways that we
other sensible and creative ways that we can make food more efficient so before I
can make food more efficient so before I
can make food more efficient so before I leave you could could you just come in
leave you could could you just come in
leave you could could you just come in on how Walmart is addressing this in
on how Walmart is addressing this in
on how Walmart is addressing this in terms of educating the public for or
terms of educating the public for or
terms of educating the public for or against on the on this issue well it’s
against on the on this issue well it’s
against on the on this issue well it’s it’s we don’t see it as a rule to
it’s we don’t see it as a rule to
it’s we don’t see it as a rule to educate the public we work we will stand
educate the public we work we will stand
educate the public we work we will stand for choice we’ll put products in front
for choice we’ll put products in front
for choice we’ll put products in front of people and give them the choice and
of people and give them the choice and
of people and give them the choice and we’re expanding our organic we think the
we’re expanding our organic we think the
we’re expanding our organic we think the best way for customers to access non-gmo
best way for customers to access non-gmo
best way for customers to access non-gmo products which the which a lot of them
products which the which a lot of them
products which the which a lot of them want to do is for us to provide a much
want to do is for us to provide a much
want to do is for us to provide a much broader organic assortment we’ve made an
broader organic assortment we’ve made an
broader organic assortment we’ve made an announcement the last two or three weeks
announcement the last two or three weeks
announcement the last two or three weeks where we’re going to launch a brand
where we’re going to launch a brand
where we’re going to launch a brand called wild oats where the pricing of
called wild oats where the pricing of
called wild oats where the pricing of organic is going to be the same pricing
organic is going to be the same pricing
organic is going to be the same pricing is conventional so people can access
is conventional so people can access
is conventional so people can access organic food and that’s I think the best
organic food and that’s I think the best
organic food and that’s I think the best way for a customer that’s got a very
way for a customer that’s got a very
way for a customer that’s got a very clear view that they don’t want GM in
clear view that they don’t want GM in
clear view that they don’t want GM in the food to enable them to access that
the food to enable them to access that
the food to enable them to access that comfortably without having to pay a
comfortably without having to pay a
comfortably without having to pay a premium for it anybody else on sure uh
premium for it anybody else on sure uh
premium for it anybody else on sure uh you know there’s no question that that
you know there’s no question that that
you know there’s no question that that agricultural biotechnology is very
agricultural biotechnology is very
agricultural biotechnology is very interesting and sexy and it creates
interesting and sexy and it creates
interesting and sexy and it creates obviously a lot of controversy for me
obviously a lot of controversy for me
obviously a lot of controversy for me who’s someone who has had this
who’s someone who has had this
who’s someone who has had this incredible opportunity to talk to
incredible opportunity to talk to
incredible opportunity to talk to hundreds of farmers and farmers groups
hundreds of farmers and farmers groups
hundreds of farmers and farmers groups all over the world for me to what it
all over the world for me to what it
all over the world for me to what it comes down to is is biotechnology and
comes down to is is biotechnology and
comes down to is is biotechnology and agriculture living up to its promises
agriculture living up to its promises
agriculture living up to its promises and in some cases I think it’s not
and in some cases I think it’s not
and in some cases I think it’s not conventional yields versus organic
conventional yields versus organic
conventional yields versus organic yields versus biotech yields are pretty
yields versus biotech yields are pretty
yields versus biotech yields are pretty much the same and often organic comes
much the same and often organic comes
much the same and often organic comes out ahead and and you know again because
out ahead and and you know again because
out ahead and and you know again because of my experience you know my question is
of my experience you know my question is
of my experience you know my question is always is this helping improve the lives
always is this helping improve the lives
always is this helping improve the lives of small farmers are they getting
of small farmers are they getting
of small farmers are they getting greater income are they eating more
greater income are they eating more
greater income are they eating more diverse foods are they able to you know
diverse foods are they able to you know
diverse foods are they able to you know really just improve their overall
really just improve their overall
really just improve their overall livelihoods and and for me I haven’t
livelihoods and and for me I haven’t
livelihoods and and for me I haven’t seen that I think there may be potential
seen that I think there may be potential
seen that I think there may be potential there but again it really comes down to
there but again it really comes down to
there but again it really comes down to investing and what we already know works
investing and what we already know works
investing and what we already know works the things that are sort of below hang
the things that are sort of below hang
the things that are sort of below hang fruit in the food system the the things
fruit in the food system the the things
fruit in the food system the the things that John Foley talked about a little
that John Foley talked about a little
that John Foley talked about a little while ago food waste is the low-hanging
while ago food waste is the low-hanging
while ago food waste is the low-hanging fruit where we’re wasting or losing you
fruit where we’re wasting or losing you
fruit where we’re wasting or losing you know it at least thirty percent of all
know it at least thirty percent of all
know it at least thirty percent of all the food that is produced but there are
the food that is produced but there are
the food that is produced but there are very simple measures that farmers can
very simple measures that farmers can
very simple measures that farmers can take to prevent food loss from from
take to prevent food loss from from
take to prevent food loss from from field you know to market to fork very
field you know to market to fork very
field you know to market to fork very low cost inexpensive things that can be
low cost inexpensive things that can be
low cost inexpensive things that can be done from better drying techniques to
done from better drying techniques to
done from better drying techniques to better cooling and storage systems to
better cooling and storage systems to
better cooling and storage systems to very simple things like roads and so if
very simple things like roads and so if
very simple things like roads and so if we’re going to invest in something I
we’re going to invest in something I
we’re going to invest in something I think it should be those things and
think it should be those things and
think it should be those things and instead of just you know looking at and
instead of just you know looking at and
instead of just you know looking at and again I think it’s a very interesting
again I think it’s a very interesting
again I think it’s a very interesting and it could be a potential solution but
and it could be a potential solution but
and it could be a potential solution but we have to make these changes now we
we have to make these changes now we
we have to make these changes now we have to feed people now and we have to
have to feed people now and we have to
have to feed people now and we have to really find ways to do that better
really find ways to do that better
really find ways to do that better the US has is is home to some of the
the US has is is home to some of the
the US has is is home to some of the largest areas of organic production in
largest areas of organic production in
largest areas of organic production in the world as well as some of the largest
the world as well as some of the largest
the world as well as some of the largest areas of GMO and conventional production
areas of GMO and conventional production
areas of GMO and conventional production in the world and what that’s and that’s
in the world and what that’s and that’s
in the world and what that’s and that’s because of choice farmer small holder
because of choice farmer small holder
because of choice farmer small holder farmers have to be able to make the
farmers have to be able to make the
farmers have to be able to make the choice of what’s good for their climate
choice of what’s good for their climate
choice of what’s good for their climate for their soils what kind of farming is
for their soils what kind of farming is
for their soils what kind of farming is best for them and consumers are making
best for them and consumers are making
best for them and consumers are making choices about what kind of food they
choices about what kind of food they
choices about what kind of food they want to eat genetically genetic
want to eat genetically genetic
want to eat genetically genetic engineering has a lot of 10 provides is
engineering has a lot of 10 provides is
engineering has a lot of 10 provides is an important tool and can do things to
an important tool and can do things to
an important tool and can do things to enhance the nutrient of crops it can
enhance the nutrient of crops it can
enhance the nutrient of crops it can also enhance the production of crops and
also enhance the production of crops and
also enhance the production of crops and so it’s an important tool in the tool
so it’s an important tool in the tool
so it’s an important tool in the tool kit it’s not a magic bullet but it’s
kit it’s not a magic bullet but it’s
kit it’s not a magic bullet but it’s certainly one that people deserve to
certainly one that people deserve to
certainly one that people deserve to have access to the choice and and to
have access to the choice and and to
have access to the choice and and to have a full array of tools in front of
have a full array of tools in front of
have a full array of tools in front of them to decide what’s the best solution
them to decide what’s the best solution
them to decide what’s the best solution for their farming system if their
for their farming system if their
for their farming system if their farmers if their consumers what’s the
farmers if their consumers what’s the
farmers if their consumers what’s the best solution for what I want to eat
best solution for what I want to eat
best solution for what I want to eat well I’m a little bit like Jack I’m kind
well I’m a little bit like Jack I’m kind
well I’m a little bit like Jack I’m kind of in the middle of the road on this I
of in the middle of the road on this I
of in the middle of the road on this I recall there was an Ag Commissioner in
recall there was an Ag Commissioner in
recall there was an Ag Commissioner in Texas named Jim hi ter and he said the
Texas named Jim hi ter and he said the
Texas named Jim hi ter and he said the only thing in the middle of the road is
only thing in the middle of the road is
only thing in the middle of the road is a yellow stripe and a dead armadillo
a yellow stripe and a dead armadillo
a yellow stripe and a dead armadillo okay
okay
okay so and probably Jack and I you know I
so and probably Jack and I you know I
so and probably Jack and I you know I have complained to some of the seed
have complained to some of the seed
have complained to some of the seed companies that the traits that they’ve
companies that the traits that they’ve
companies that the traits that they’ve produced don’t seem to benefit consumers
produced don’t seem to benefit consumers
produced don’t seem to benefit consumers I’ve said if you maybe make some traits
I’ve said if you maybe make some traits
I’ve said if you maybe make some traits that would grow hair in addition to
that would grow hair in addition to
that would grow hair in addition to resisting end
resisting end
resisting end maybe Jack and I would but here’s the
maybe Jack and I would but here’s the
maybe Jack and I would but here’s the deal okay so I was down and I Guatemala
deal okay so I was down and I Guatemala
deal okay so I was down and I Guatemala Honduras visiting smallholder farmers I
Honduras visiting smallholder farmers I
Honduras visiting smallholder farmers I mean what they need is some fertilizer
mean what they need is some fertilizer
mean what they need is some fertilizer they need better seeds they don’t
they need better seeds they don’t
they need better seeds they don’t necessarily need GMO crops right now
necessarily need GMO crops right now
necessarily need GMO crops right now they can double and triple their yields
they can double and triple their yields
they can double and triple their yields by just using more modern farming
by just using more modern farming
by just using more modern farming techniques which AI D is helping them on
techniques which AI D is helping them on
techniques which AI D is helping them on which extent they’re building extension
which extent they’re building extension
which extent they’re building extension systems and so to large parts of the
systems and so to large parts of the
systems and so to large parts of the world these are not necessarily issues
world these are not necessarily issues
world these are not necessarily issues that relate to them as Danielle said on
that relate to them as Danielle said on
that relate to them as Danielle said on the other hand we you know there’s an
the other hand we you know there’s an
the other hand we you know there’s an ideologue there’s an ideology out there
ideologue there’s an ideology out there
ideologue there’s an ideology out there about this it’s like you’re either for
about this it’s like you’re either for
about this it’s like you’re either for or against GMOs kind of on your on the
or against GMOs kind of on your on the
or against GMOs kind of on your on the left or you on the right the fact the
left or you on the right the fact the
left or you on the right the fact the matter is is that it’s why we need a
matter is is that it’s why we need a
matter is is that it’s why we need a supple research budget to look at all
supple research budget to look at all
supple research budget to look at all these things to examine the options now
these things to examine the options now
these things to examine the options now if we’re facing climate change in global
if we’re facing climate change in global
if we’re facing climate change in global warming which I think we are we’re going
warming which I think we are we’re going
warming which I think we are we’re going to see a lot more plant disease we’re
to see a lot more plant disease we’re
to see a lot more plant disease we’re going to see a lot less water and we’ve
going to see a lot less water and we’ve
going to see a lot less water and we’ve got to can’t just reject the options
got to can’t just reject the options
got to can’t just reject the options that are out there to grow more food
that are out there to grow more food
that are out there to grow more food with less water and have plants that are
with less water and have plants that are
with less water and have plants that are more less susceptible to stress and
more less susceptible to stress and
more less susceptible to stress and disease we’ve got because of lack of a
disease we’ve got because of lack of a
disease we’ve got because of lack of a lot of genetic diversity we’ve got some
lot of genetic diversity we’ve got some
lot of genetic diversity we’ve got some crops out there like wheat that are very
crops out there like wheat that are very
crops out there like wheat that are very susceptible to a worldwide plant
susceptible to a worldwide plant
susceptible to a worldwide plant epidemic of disease so you’re going to
epidemic of disease so you’re going to
epidemic of disease so you’re going to need some technologies new technologies
need some technologies new technologies
need some technologies new technologies and just to say no GMOs is just to close
and just to say no GMOs is just to close
and just to say no GMOs is just to close the door on science which is a terrible
the door on science which is a terrible
the door on science which is a terrible thing for us to do for the population
thing for us to do for the population
thing for us to do for the population this world it’s going to need to eat
this world it’s going to need to eat
this world it’s going to need to eat reliably in a vastly changing world with
reliably in a vastly changing world with
reliably in a vastly changing world with vastly changing climate yeah let’s maybe
vastly changing climate yeah let’s maybe
vastly changing climate yeah let’s maybe we can stay with climate because you
we can stay with climate because you
we can stay with climate because you you’ve mentioned one thing that we could
you’ve mentioned one thing that we could
you’ve mentioned one thing that we could do perhaps in response to a change in
do perhaps in response to a change in
do perhaps in response to a change in climate the the most recent report
climate the the most recent report
climate the the most recent report that’s come out of the IPCC is not the
that’s come out of the IPCC is not the
that’s come out of the IPCC is not the most encouraging it indicates that
most encouraging it indicates that
most encouraging it indicates that greenhouse gases are increasing faster
greenhouse gases are increasing faster
greenhouse gases are increasing faster than we thought and that it is possible
than we thought and that it is possible
than we thought and that it is possible that we could exceed that 2 degrees
that we could exceed that 2 degrees
that we could exceed that 2 degrees centigrade ceiling that we hoped we
centigrade ceiling that we hoped we
centigrade ceiling that we hoped we would never
would never
would never passthrough what else can we do as we
passthrough what else can we do as we
passthrough what else can we do as we begin to approach this this uncertain
begin to approach this this uncertain
begin to approach this this uncertain you better change the politics of this
you better change the politics of this
you better change the politics of this in fact I’m involved with Chicago
in fact I’m involved with Chicago
in fact I’m involved with Chicago Council on global affairs we’re going to
Council on global affairs we’re going to
Council on global affairs we’re going to have a symposium on this in Washington
have a symposium on this in Washington
have a symposium on this in Washington two weeks to talk about climate change
two weeks to talk about climate change
two weeks to talk about climate change and weather variability but in this
and weather variability but in this
and weather variability but in this country the politics divide the country
country the politics divide the country
country the politics divide the country almost in half whether you believe
almost in half whether you believe
almost in half whether you believe climate change is real or whether you
climate change is real or whether you
climate change is real or whether you believe it’s not real and then the
believe it’s not real and then the
believe it’s not real and then the process we’re gridlocked on these issues
process we’re gridlocked on these issues
process we’re gridlocked on these issues on issues of for example how we deal
on issues of for example how we deal
on issues of for example how we deal with carbon emissions and and I think
with carbon emissions and and I think
with carbon emissions and and I think most farmers out in the countryside know
most farmers out in the countryside know
most farmers out in the countryside know that something’s happening weather is
that something’s happening weather is
that something’s happening weather is changing it’s getting warmer and drier
changing it’s getting warmer and drier
changing it’s getting warmer and drier and the weather is more volatile than it
and the weather is more volatile than it
and the weather is more volatile than it used to be now whether this is because
used to be now whether this is because
used to be now whether this is because of the natural evolution of of weather
of the natural evolution of of weather
of the natural evolution of of weather in climate whether it’s because of more
in climate whether it’s because of more
in climate whether it’s because of more carbon emission in the atmosphere
carbon emission in the atmosphere
carbon emission in the atmosphere whether it’s man-made caused or whether
whether it’s man-made caused or whether
whether it’s man-made caused or whether it’s natural it’s happening so we have
it’s natural it’s happening so we have
it’s natural it’s happening so we have to deal with it and what’s happening is
to deal with it and what’s happening is
to deal with it and what’s happening is is that the United States I think has
is that the United States I think has
is that the United States I think has been stuck on these issues because of
been stuck on these issues because of
been stuck on these issues because of the politics and the ideology of climate
the politics and the ideology of climate
the politics and the ideology of climate change and therefore we haven’t been as
change and therefore we haven’t been as
change and therefore we haven’t been as participatory in the rest of the world
participatory in the rest of the world
participatory in the rest of the world it it is it’s been looking at these
it it is it’s been looking at these
it it is it’s been looking at these things at the same time I think there
things at the same time I think there
things at the same time I think there are a lot of folks in the u.s. feel that
are a lot of folks in the u.s. feel that
are a lot of folks in the u.s. feel that maybe some other folks look at this from
maybe some other folks look at this from
maybe some other folks look at this from an ideological perspective and not from
an ideological perspective and not from
an ideological perspective and not from good science perspective but and I you
good science perspective but and I you
good science perspective but and I you know I understand that but I would hope
know I understand that but I would hope
know I understand that but I would hope that maybe one of the things that come
that maybe one of the things that come
that maybe one of the things that come come out of this conference and out of
come out of this conference and out of
come out of this conference and out of the series that National Geographic is
the series that National Geographic is
the series that National Geographic is going to do is is a kind of description
going to do is is a kind of description
going to do is is a kind of description of the problems of weather and climate
of the problems of weather and climate
of the problems of weather and climate in a way where the American people can
in a way where the American people can
in a way where the American people can understand it better becomes less
understand it better becomes less
understand it better becomes less political less ideological and a little
political less ideological and a little
political less ideological and a little more objective in terms of discussion
back to you again Dan the the role of
back to you again Dan the the role of research I actually had a question on
research I actually had a question on
research I actually had a question on that you raised it you’ve raised it
that you raised it you’ve raised it
that you raised it you’ve raised it several times now what do we do about
several times now what do we do about
several times now what do we do about that how do we find the resources that
that how do we find the resources that
that how do we find the resources that are necessary to have a robust research
are necessary to have a robust research
are necessary to have a robust research and scientific paper thought that if we
and scientific paper thought that if we
and scientific paper thought that if we put all agriculture research within the
put all agriculture research within the
put all agriculture research within the Department of Defense
Department of Defense
Department of Defense we would get funny money you know but uh
we would get funny money you know but uh
we would get funny money you know but uh you know or the National Institutes of
you know or the National Institutes of
you know or the National Institutes of Health you know you know ultimately you
Health you know you know ultimately you
Health you know you know ultimately you got to get political support for this we
got to get political support for this we
got to get political support for this we have you know good research institutions
have you know good research institutions
have you know good research institutions but the level of research in agriculture
but the level of research in agriculture
but the level of research in agriculture and food and real dollars has been going
and food and real dollars has been going
and food and real dollars has been going down the company’s a lot of the big
down the company’s a lot of the big
down the company’s a lot of the big companies do a lot of their own research
companies do a lot of their own research
companies do a lot of their own research but that does Jack and I were talking
but that does Jack and I were talking
but that does Jack and I were talking about before that doesn’t deal with some
about before that doesn’t deal with some
about before that doesn’t deal with some of the basic issues plant genetics
of the basic issues plant genetics
of the basic issues plant genetics understanding growth patterns that we
understanding growth patterns that we
understanding growth patterns that we need to do so it just needs to be a
need to do so it just needs to be a
need to do so it just needs to be a higher priority within the agriculture
higher priority within the agriculture
higher priority within the agriculture world and the food world and one final
world and the food world and one final
world and the food world and one final thing in the last farm bill when we had
thing in the last farm bill when we had
thing in the last farm bill when we had it took three years to get this farm
it took three years to get this farm
it took three years to get this farm bill passed there was virtually no
bill passed there was virtually no
bill passed there was virtually no discussion of research none the
discussion of research none the
discussion of research none the discussion was almost always on what was
discussion was almost always on what was
discussion was almost always on what was going to be the payments to farmers
going to be the payments to farmers
going to be the payments to farmers under the existing programs and so as we
under the existing programs and so as we
under the existing programs and so as we talk about these issues today in the
talk about these issues today in the
talk about these issues today in the United States we need to kind of and
United States we need to kind of and
United States we need to kind of and I’ve been a big advocate of farm
I’ve been a big advocate of farm
I’ve been a big advocate of farm programs over the years and I’m from
programs over the years and I’m from
programs over the years and I’m from Kansas and we have been a beneficiary of
Kansas and we have been a beneficiary of
Kansas and we have been a beneficiary of a lot of this program but then
a lot of this program but then
a lot of this program but then agriculture itself we have to look these
agriculture itself we have to look these
agriculture itself we have to look these issues much broader and much more
issues much broader and much more
issues much broader and much more holistically than just how much each
holistically than just how much each
holistically than just how much each farmer is going to get in payments from
farmer is going to get in payments from
farmer is going to get in payments from Uncle Sam yeah under Feed the Future we
Uncle Sam yeah under Feed the Future we
Uncle Sam yeah under Feed the Future we have the United States government has
have the United States government has
have the United States government has increased its investment in research an
increased its investment in research an
increased its investment in research an agricultural research for the countries
agricultural research for the countries
agricultural research for the countries in which we serve dramatically and a lot
in which we serve dramatically and a lot
in which we serve dramatically and a lot of that a lot of how we’re trying to get
of that a lot of how we’re trying to get
of that a lot of how we’re trying to get more out of our investment dollars is
more out of our investment dollars is
more out of our investment dollars is through collaboration so we work very
through collaboration so we work very
through collaboration so we work very intensively with the US University
intensively with the US University
intensively with the US University community we have a series of it we have
community we have a series of it we have
community we have a series of it we have 23 innovation labs that seek to leverage
23 innovation labs that seek to leverage
23 innovation labs that seek to leverage US innovation and expertise also in
US innovation and expertise also in
US innovation and expertise also in partnerships with private companies so
partnerships with private companies so
partnerships with private companies so DuPont or Monsanto may be developing
DuPont or Monsanto may be developing
DuPont or Monsanto may be developing drought tolerant varieties for rich
drought tolerant varieties for rich
drought tolerant varieties for rich farmers we as government’s can work with
farmers we as government’s can work with
farmers we as government’s can work with them to also adapt those technologies
them to also adapt those technologies
them to also adapt those technologies for poorer farmers we also are investing
for poorer farmers we also are investing
for poorer farmers we also are investing a tremendous amount in working with
a tremendous amount in working with
a tremendous amount in working with local countries to invest their own
local countries to invest their own
local countries to invest their own local agricultural research institutes
local agricultural research institutes
local agricultural research institutes because we need in developing countries
because we need in developing countries
because we need in developing countries we need those research institutes to be
we need those research institutes to be
we need those research institutes to be doing cutting-edge science on the crops
doing cutting-edge science on the crops
doing cutting-edge science on the crops and the pests and the different things
and the pests and the different things
and the pests and the different things that affect their agriculture so it is
that affect their agriculture so it is
that affect their agriculture so it is really an integral part of
really an integral part of
really an integral part of a program and something we’re really
a program and something we’re really
a program and something we’re really connecting scientists as well as
connecting scientists as well as
connecting scientists as well as increasing the investment we think will
increasing the investment we think will
increasing the investment we think will have huge dividends uh yeah it’s not
have huge dividends uh yeah it’s not
have huge dividends uh yeah it’s not only connecting scientists which is so
only connecting scientists which is so
only connecting scientists which is so important but connecting scientists to
important but connecting scientists to
important but connecting scientists to farmers on the ground who are actually
farmers on the ground who are actually
farmers on the ground who are actually doing the work and that’s why
doing the work and that’s why
doing the work and that’s why participatory research is so important
participatory research is so important
participatory research is so important you know and engaging those farmers and
you know and engaging those farmers and
you know and engaging those farmers and you know helping us understand what they
you know helping us understand what they
you know helping us understand what they need rather than telling them what they
need rather than telling them what they
need rather than telling them what they want in so many cases I also think it’s
want in so many cases I also think it’s
want in so many cases I also think it’s important on the research side to
important on the research side to
important on the research side to recognize you know some some groups that
recognize you know some some groups that
recognize you know some some groups that may not be traditional scientific
may not be traditional scientific
may not be traditional scientific research institutes or universities you
research institutes or universities you
research institutes or universities you know the rodeo Institute who I think is
know the rodeo Institute who I think is
know the rodeo Institute who I think is here somewhere in the audience today has
here somewhere in the audience today has
here somewhere in the audience today has been doing these 30 year studies of how
been doing these 30 year studies of how
been doing these 30 year studies of how to really not just you know adapt to
to really not just you know adapt to
to really not just you know adapt to climate change and mitigate climate
climate change and mitigate climate
climate change and mitigate climate change but also you know really turn
change but also you know really turn
change but also you know really turn back climate change through some of
back climate change through some of
back climate change through some of their work on soils so I think that’s
their work on soils so I think that’s
their work on soils so I think that’s important to understand and I’m sure
important to understand and I’m sure
important to understand and I’m sure Jerry Glover who’s on the next panel
Jerry Glover who’s on the next panel
Jerry Glover who’s on the next panel will talk about the important work that
will talk about the important work that
will talk about the important work that the land institute has been doing for
the land institute has been doing for
the land institute has been doing for many years so it’s it’s important to
many years so it’s it’s important to
many years so it’s it’s important to really you know for lack of a better
really you know for lack of a better
really you know for lack of a better phrase to think outside the box when
phrase to think outside the box when
phrase to think outside the box when we’re talking about research it’s not
we’re talking about research it’s not
we’re talking about research it’s not you know just always scientists and labs
you know just always scientists and labs
you know just always scientists and labs it’s it’s a lot of the work that needs
it’s it’s a lot of the work that needs
it’s it’s a lot of the work that needs to be done in fields and kitchens all
to be done in fields and kitchens all
to be done in fields and kitchens all over all over the world so from from our
over all over the world so from from our
over all over the world so from from our point of view we’ve got a program called
point of view we’ve got a program called
point of view we’ve got a program called the future of food which is a we didn’t
the future of food which is a we didn’t
the future of food which is a we didn’t copy National Geographic but we look at
copy National Geographic but we look at
copy National Geographic but we look at where we’re gonna be five years from now
where we’re gonna be five years from now
where we’re gonna be five years from now in terms of what we need to source
in terms of what we need to source
in terms of what we need to source globally and it always comes back to how
globally and it always comes back to how
globally and it always comes back to how are we going to use our resources more
are we going to use our resources more
are we going to use our resources more effectively so if you go to a country
effectively so if you go to a country
effectively so if you go to a country like Israel and see how they are
like Israel and see how they are
like Israel and see how they are developing their technologies to utilize
developing their technologies to utilize
developing their technologies to utilize water more effectively it’s it’s
water more effectively it’s it’s
water more effectively it’s it’s astonishing to see the kind of drip
astonishing to see the kind of drip
astonishing to see the kind of drip irrigation and innovation that’s coming
irrigation and innovation that’s coming
irrigation and innovation that’s coming in terms of a rootless one centimeter
in terms of a rootless one centimeter
in terms of a rootless one centimeter from the other gets more water than the
from the other gets more water than the
from the other gets more water than the other depending on what it needs from
other depending on what it needs from
other depending on what it needs from its nutrients and providing capital
its nutrients and providing capital
its nutrients and providing capital solutions with that kind of research so
solutions with that kind of research so
solutions with that kind of research so in order to fulfill our needs going
in order to fulfill our needs going
in order to fulfill our needs going forward we’re signing a number of
forward we’re signing a number of
forward we’re signing a number of research agreements we’ve done it with
research agreements we’ve done it with
research agreements we’ve done it with two institutes and ezreal we’re doing
two institutes and ezreal we’re doing
two institutes and ezreal we’re doing some working in holland how do you
some working in holland how do you
some working in holland how do you create the technology to make it more
create the technology to make it more
create the technology to make it more efficient for us to produce more
efficient for us to produce more
efficient for us to produce more but cheaper I don’t pretend to
but cheaper I don’t pretend to
but cheaper I don’t pretend to understand how the politics of this’ll
understand how the politics of this’ll
understand how the politics of this’ll all play out but ultimately we we think
all play out but ultimately we we think
all play out but ultimately we we think that research please the fundamental
that research please the fundamental
that research please the fundamental rule and the research I’m talking about
rule and the research I’m talking about
rule and the research I’m talking about one step removed from the research that
one step removed from the research that
one step removed from the research that I think needs to go on to really truly
I think needs to go on to really truly
I think needs to go on to really truly get us agriculture where it needs to be
get us agriculture where it needs to be
get us agriculture where it needs to be going forward because it’s always been
going forward because it’s always been
going forward because it’s always been if you think about something at Norland
if you think about something at Norland
if you think about something at Norland norman borlaug one of the great
norman borlaug one of the great
norman borlaug one of the great americans who transformed agriculture
americans who transformed agriculture
americans who transformed agriculture from what he did we need that kind of
from what he did we need that kind of
from what he did we need that kind of fieldwork that went on behind that and
fieldwork that went on behind that and
fieldwork that went on behind that and the combination of the science and
the combination of the science and
the combination of the science and technology that goes to make that work
technology that goes to make that work
technology that goes to make that work more effectively and anything we can do
more effectively and anything we can do
more effectively and anything we can do to encourage on anything all of you can
to encourage on anything all of you can
to encourage on anything all of you can do can encourage that I think will make
do can encourage that I think will make
do can encourage that I think will make a significant difference to the US and
a significant difference to the US and
a significant difference to the US and to the capacity for the planet to feed
to the capacity for the planet to feed
to the capacity for the planet to feed its population great ok now for the hard
its population great ok now for the hard
its population great ok now for the hard part of the day we’re going to take
part of the day we’re going to take
part of the day we’re going to take questions from the audience we’ve been
questions from the audience we’ve been
questions from the audience we’ve been trying to warm them up and give them
trying to warm them up and give them
trying to warm them up and give them time to think about what they want to
time to think about what they want to
time to think about what they want to ask we have time for a few questions and
ask we have time for a few questions and
ask we have time for a few questions and somebody has a microphone that they’ll
somebody has a microphone that they’ll
somebody has a microphone that they’ll be bringing around I see someone right
be bringing around I see someone right
be bringing around I see someone right down here
thank you David Lambert great panel I
thank you David Lambert great panel I get the sense from what I’ve read
get the sense from what I’ve read
get the sense from what I’ve read recently and what I’ve heard today that
recently and what I’ve heard today that
recently and what I’ve heard today that the political alliance is on climate
the political alliance is on climate
the political alliance is on climate change you’re about to change really
change you’re about to change really
change you’re about to change really dramatically when Walmart has trouble
dramatically when Walmart has trouble
dramatically when Walmart has trouble sourcing food and Nike can’t source
sourcing food and Nike can’t source
sourcing food and Nike can’t source cotton and coca-cola can’t source water
cotton and coca-cola can’t source water
cotton and coca-cola can’t source water and citrus is industry our company is
and citrus is industry our company is
and citrus is industry our company is beginning to think we may be on the
beginning to think we may be on the
beginning to think we may be on the wrong side of this fight and will that
wrong side of this fight and will that
wrong side of this fight and will that help raise awareness in Congress about
help raise awareness in Congress about
help raise awareness in Congress about climate change
climate change
climate change well my judgment is if you ask me what
well my judgment is if you ask me what
well my judgment is if you ask me what most who is the most important force in
most who is the most important force in
most who is the most important force in the world today on agriculture I point
the world today on agriculture I point
the world today on agriculture I point to Walmart not the United States
to Walmart not the United States
to Walmart not the United States government not the United Nations and
government not the United Nations and
government not the United Nations and Walmart and others not just you know
Walmart and others not just you know
Walmart and others not just you know pressure
pressure
pressure because their ability to listen to their
because their ability to listen to their
because their ability to listen to their consumers and then to source product
consumers and then to source product
consumers and then to source product based upon what they think is in their
based upon what they think is in their
based upon what they think is in their interest which is becoming more
interest which is becoming more
interest which is becoming more sustainability better working conditions
sustainability better working conditions
sustainability better working conditions better water better treatment of growers
better water better treatment of growers
better water better treatment of growers and climate they can have this powerful
and climate they can have this powerful
and climate they can have this powerful impact they and others like them and I
impact they and others like them and I
impact they and others like them and I think it’s happening now and the US
think it’s happening now and the US
think it’s happening now and the US government and others may be following
government and others may be following
government and others may be following behind not leading in this regard I
behind not leading in this regard I
behind not leading in this regard I think it’s important that the
think it’s important that the
think it’s important that the corporation’s I think the thing I said
corporation’s I think the thing I said
corporation’s I think the thing I said surely we convene well must get the
surely we convene well must get the
surely we convene well must get the power of convening we don’t do anything
power of convening we don’t do anything
power of convening we don’t do anything else but buy things and sell things but
else but buy things and sell things but
else but buy things and sell things but we’ve got a power of convening and the
we’ve got a power of convening and the
we’ve got a power of convening and the opportunity that we had this week in
opportunity that we had this week in
opportunity that we had this week in bentonville with coca-cola and Monsanto
bentonville with coca-cola and Monsanto
bentonville with coca-cola and Monsanto and Cargill and the dairy farmers of
and Cargill and the dairy farmers of
and Cargill and the dairy farmers of america and a number of other people to
america and a number of other people to
america and a number of other people to say what are the key issues and
say what are the key issues and
say what are the key issues and agricultural inputs are one of the key
agricultural inputs are one of the key
agricultural inputs are one of the key issues facing all of us the scarcity of
issues facing all of us the scarcity of
issues facing all of us the scarcity of that and the impact that using it in a
that and the impact that using it in a
that and the impact that using it in a button with over-indulgence the impact
button with over-indulgence the impact
button with over-indulgence the impact that’s having on climate change and then
that’s having on climate change and then
that’s having on climate change and then the impact that’s having the opportunity
the impact that’s having the opportunity
the impact that’s having the opportunity made a number all made a number of
made a number all made a number of
made a number all made a number of commitments behind that I think they all
commitments behind that I think they all
commitments behind that I think they all play a key role within it but I do think
play a key role within it but I do think
play a key role within it but I do think the government’s got a big role to play
the government’s got a big role to play
the government’s got a big role to play in terms of how you can support the
in terms of how you can support the
in terms of how you can support the whole industry and add that back to this
whole industry and add that back to this
whole industry and add that back to this research and the science and supporting
research and the science and supporting
research and the science and supporting science I don’t again I don’t pretend to
science I don’t again I don’t pretend to
science I don’t again I don’t pretend to understand the politics of it and I
understand the politics of it and I
understand the politics of it and I think it is too polarizing but it seems
think it is too polarizing but it seems
think it is too polarizing but it seems to me that primary research has got a
to me that primary research has got a
to me that primary research has got a really key role to help organizations
really key role to help organizations
really key role to help organizations like coca-cola and PepsiCo and Walmart
like coca-cola and PepsiCo and Walmart
like coca-cola and PepsiCo and Walmart be more effective of what we do as well
be more effective of what we do as well
be more effective of what we do as well so do we have time for another couple of
so do we have time for another couple of
so do we have time for another couple of questions yeah yeah okay anyone else oh
questions yeah yeah okay anyone else oh
questions yeah yeah okay anyone else oh there’s somebody with a hand up right
there’s somebody with a hand up right
there’s somebody with a hand up right there hi thank you for this wonderful
there hi thank you for this wonderful
there hi thank you for this wonderful forum my name is helen damballa
forum my name is helen damballa
forum my name is helen damballa I am with the National Farm to School
I am with the National Farm to School
I am with the National Farm to School Network and we’re talking a lot about
Network and we’re talking a lot about
Network and we’re talking a lot about the future of food and part of the
the future of food and part of the
the future of food and part of the future is our children so farm to school
future is our children so farm to school
future is our children so farm to school is not just about getting local
is not just about getting local
is not just about getting local farm-fresh products into schools which
farm-fresh products into schools which
farm-fresh products into schools which you know reduces food miles gives
you know reduces food miles gives
you know reduces food miles gives farmers a bigger share of the dollar
farmers a bigger share of the dollar
farmers a bigger share of the dollar supports Community Economic Development
supports Community Economic Development
supports Community Economic Development but it’s also about school gardens
but it’s also about school gardens
but it’s also about school gardens and educational curriculum so it’s not
and educational curriculum so it’s not
and educational curriculum so it’s not trying to teach every kid to want to be
trying to teach every kid to want to be
trying to teach every kid to want to be a farmer granted we do have an aging
a farmer granted we do have an aging
a farmer granted we do have an aging population of farmers in this country
population of farmers in this country
population of farmers in this country almost 58 years old so we do need some
almost 58 years old so we do need some
almost 58 years old so we do need some kids to want to be farmers but it’s
kids to want to be farmers but it’s
kids to want to be farmers but it’s knowing that the future generation are
knowing that the future generation are
knowing that the future generation are our future eaters our future researchers
our future eaters our future researchers
our future eaters our future researchers so I’m curious if any of you are looking
so I’m curious if any of you are looking
so I’m curious if any of you are looking at that that younger generation and
at that that younger generation and
at that that younger generation and considering the importance of educating
considering the importance of educating
considering the importance of educating children in the work that all of you do
children in the work that all of you do
children in the work that all of you do or it perhaps if that’s part of what
or it perhaps if that’s part of what
or it perhaps if that’s part of what National Geographic is looking at thank
National Geographic is looking at thank
National Geographic is looking at thank you
you
you anybody care done absolutely it’s a
anybody care done absolutely it’s a
anybody care done absolutely it’s a really important part of three tanks
really important part of three tanks
really important part of three tanks work we want to cultivate the next
work we want to cultivate the next
work we want to cultivate the next generation of agricultural leaders and
generation of agricultural leaders and
generation of agricultural leaders and as you said that’s not just farmers
as you said that’s not just farmers
as you said that’s not just farmers it’s well-informed eaters it’s food
it’s well-informed eaters it’s food
it’s well-informed eaters it’s food scientists and researchers which you
scientists and researchers which you
scientists and researchers which you know especially women and girls we want
know especially women and girls we want
know especially women and girls we want to encourage them to partake more in
to encourage them to partake more in
to encourage them to partake more in that that sort of work we want to help
that that sort of work we want to help
that that sort of work we want to help entrepreneurs in the food system really
entrepreneurs in the food system really
entrepreneurs in the food system really get the the resources and the tools they
get the the resources and the tools they
get the the resources and the tools they need to be good at for businesses small
need to be good at for businesses small
need to be good at for businesses small and large and so I think without that as
and large and so I think without that as
and large and so I think without that as you said you know the the average age of
you said you know the the average age of
you said you know the the average age of farmers according to the latest AG
farmers according to the latest AG
farmers according to the latest AG census is fifty eight point three years
census is fifty eight point three years
census is fifty eight point three years old in the United States it’s gone up
old in the United States it’s gone up
old in the United States it’s gone up since the last one in sub-saharan Africa
since the last one in sub-saharan Africa
since the last one in sub-saharan Africa it’s roughly 57 years old so we have
it’s roughly 57 years old so we have
it’s roughly 57 years old so we have this aging population of people who are
this aging population of people who are
this aging population of people who are providing food for all of us and so how
providing food for all of us and so how
providing food for all of us and so how do we you know how do we capitalize on
do we you know how do we capitalize on
do we you know how do we capitalize on programs like yours where you’re
programs like yours where you’re
programs like yours where you’re teaching kids to appreciate food you’re
teaching kids to appreciate food you’re
teaching kids to appreciate food you’re teaching them how to grow it you’re
teaching them how to grow it you’re
teaching them how to grow it you’re probably teaching them how to cook it
probably teaching them how to cook it
probably teaching them how to cook it you’re teaching them how to share it
you’re teaching them how to share it
you’re teaching them how to share it these are all important things for
these are all important things for
these are all important things for really the future food for us all and
really the future food for us all and
really the future food for us all and I’d say 4-h does an amazing job and now
I’d say 4-h does an amazing job and now
I’d say 4-h does an amazing job and now more and more in urban areas get your
more and more in urban areas get your
more and more in urban areas get your local school districts all over the
local school districts all over the
local school districts all over the country to really get involved in this I
country to really get involved in this I
country to really get involved in this I think the transparency of food and
think the transparency of food and
think the transparency of food and making making us all passionate about
making making us all passionate about
making making us all passionate about how foods grown and how foods produced
how foods grown and how foods produced
how foods grown and how foods produced and inspiring children can inspire all
and inspiring children can inspire all
and inspiring children can inspire all of us in terms of the real passion for
of us in terms of the real passion for
of us in terms of the real passion for that when they get involved in it and I
that when they get involved in it and I
that when they get involved in it and I think there’s a lot more we can all do
think there’s a lot more we can all do
think there’s a lot more we can all do and I think the food industry needs to
and I think the food industry needs to
and I think the food industry needs to become much more transparent about how
become much more transparent about how
become much more transparent about how it
it
it things and what it does things and be
things and what it does things and be
things and what it does things and be very comfortable with letting people in
very comfortable with letting people in
very comfortable with letting people in our farms and letting people on our farm
our farms and letting people on our farm
our farms and letting people on our farm you know see how things are grow and see
you know see how things are grow and see
you know see how things are grow and see how animals are raised and and there’s
how animals are raised and and there’s
how animals are raised and and there’s some there’s some real opportunities I
some there’s some real opportunities I
some there’s some real opportunities I think for all of us to get banged that
this is a question from Twitter user
this is a question from Twitter user modern farmer he asks how do we make
modern farmer he asks how do we make
modern farmer he asks how do we make sure that relevant technologies reach
sure that relevant technologies reach
sure that relevant technologies reach rural farmers for increased in quality
rural farmers for increased in quality
rural farmers for increased in quality production if I understand the question
production if I understand the question
production if I understand the question correctly that’s historically been a big
correctly that’s historically been a big
correctly that’s historically been a big in the u.s. it’s been a big role of
in the u.s. it’s been a big role of
in the u.s. it’s been a big role of extension through the land-grant college
extension through the land-grant college
extension through the land-grant college movement to get education on modern
movement to get education on modern
movement to get education on modern techniques and agriculture food
techniques and agriculture food
techniques and agriculture food production nutrition to farmers and to
production nutrition to farmers and to
production nutrition to farmers and to local folks more urban and rural and I
local folks more urban and rural and I
local folks more urban and rural and I know that AI D is very actively involved
know that AI D is very actively involved
know that AI D is very actively involved in this whole concept of extension and
in this whole concept of extension and
in this whole concept of extension and using this model this amazing model that
using this model this amazing model that
using this model this amazing model that was developed during the administration
was developed during the administration
was developed during the administration of Abraham Lincoln that changed America
of Abraham Lincoln that changed America
of Abraham Lincoln that changed America profoundly and some of those same
profoundly and some of those same
profoundly and some of those same techniques are just applicable all over
techniques are just applicable all over
techniques are just applicable all over the world yeah exactly so and we’re
the world yeah exactly so and we’re
the world yeah exactly so and we’re looking at a variety of extension so
looking at a variety of extension so
looking at a variety of extension so there’s there’s a lot of private company
there’s there’s a lot of private company
there’s there’s a lot of private company extension there’s still government
extension there’s still government
extension there’s still government extension agencies that we need to beef
extension agencies that we need to beef
extension agencies that we need to beef up as well as like using your people’s
up as well as like using your people’s
up as well as like using your people’s cell phones as extension tools radio is
cell phones as extension tools radio is
cell phones as extension tools radio is extension to lots of ways to promote and
extension to lots of ways to promote and
extension to lots of ways to promote and disseminate technologies more a
disseminate technologies more a
disseminate technologies more a corollary to that that’s actually also
corollary to that that’s actually also
corollary to that that’s actually also very important is making sure there’s
very important is making sure there’s
very important is making sure there’s equitable access to those technologies
equitable access to those technologies
equitable access to those technologies so those technologies are available to
so those technologies are available to
so those technologies are available to women in those rural committee
women in those rural committee
women in those rural committee communities that the women’s use of
communities that the women’s use of
communities that the women’s use of those technologies is thought of when
those technologies is thought of when
those technologies is thought of when those technologies are designed so we
those technologies are designed so we
those technologies are designed so we promote them and we think about ways to
promote them and we think about ways to
promote them and we think about ways to disseminate them but also making sure
disseminate them but also making sure
disseminate them but also making sure that they are available to women and
that they are available to women and
that they are available to women and that accessible to women is a big part
that accessible to women is a big part
that accessible to women is a big part of adoption and really getting it out
of adoption and really getting it out
of adoption and really getting it out there yeah okay I’m afraid that’s gonna
there yeah okay I’m afraid that’s gonna
there yeah okay I’m afraid that’s gonna be the last word I want to thank this
be the last word I want to thank this
be the last word I want to thank this panel you guys did a great job
panel you guys did a great job
panel you guys did a great job give them a hand
”
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