merci there are nine billion species out there do you think that weak humans are
there do you think that weak humans are
there do you think that weak humans are the most intelligent one killed Romano
the most intelligent one killed Romano
the most intelligent one killed Romano who was the great French biologist and a
who was the great French biologist and a
who was the great French biologist and a philosopher wrote that what makes us
philosopher wrote that what makes us
philosopher wrote that what makes us different from other organisms it’s not
different from other organisms it’s not
different from other organisms it’s not our intelligence as we will see during
our intelligence as we will see during
our intelligence as we will see during this talk other organisms are as
this talk other organisms are as
this talk other organisms are as intelligent even if not even more than
intelligent even if not even more than
intelligent even if not even more than we are in front develop with the
we are in front develop with the
we are in front develop with the biologist who studies animal behaviors
biologist who studies animal behaviors
biologist who studies animal behaviors wrote a book to make a point and he
wrote a book to make a point and he
wrote a book to make a point and he entitled it are we – are we smart enough
entitled it are we – are we smart enough
entitled it are we – are we smart enough to understand animal intelligence what
to understand animal intelligence what
to understand animal intelligence what makes us different from other organisms
makes us different from other organisms
makes us different from other organisms is our ability to question things – want
is our ability to question things – want
is our ability to question things – want to know why and you see that very early
to know why and you see that very early
to know why and you see that very early on in kids they question everything all
on in kids they question everything all
on in kids they question everything all the time and I’m sure many of you either
the time and I’m sure many of you either
the time and I’m sure many of you either have that kid at your home or were that
have that kid at your home or were that
have that kid at your home or were that kid or maybe still are so you know kids
kid or maybe still are so you know kids
kid or maybe still are so you know kids question things like why sky is blue and
question things like why sky is blue and
question things like why sky is blue and as parents we know that that one’s
as parents we know that that one’s
as parents we know that that one’s coming so we prepare you know we learned
coming so we prepare you know we learned
coming so we prepare you know we learned an answer but then they also question
an answer but then they also question
an answer but then they also question why zebras have stripes and it turned
why zebras have stripes and it turned
why zebras have stripes and it turned out that even the scientific community
out that even the scientific community
out that even the scientific community did not have an answer to that one until
did not have an answer to that one until
did not have an answer to that one until 2015
2015
2015 it turned out that zebra stripes are a
it turned out that zebra stripes are a
it turned out that zebra stripes are a cooling mechanism you see the black
cooling mechanism you see the black
cooling mechanism you see the black stripes absorb more heat than the white
stripes absorb more heat than the white
stripes absorb more heat than the white stripes so the all the air is hotter
stripes so the all the air is hotter
stripes so the all the air is hotter around the black stripes and cooler on
around the black stripes and cooler on
around the black stripes and cooler on the white stripes this creates the
the white stripes this creates the
the white stripes this creates the difference in air flow that cools the
difference in air flow that cools the
difference in air flow that cools the animal down without a ventilator now I’m
animal down without a ventilator now I’m
animal down without a ventilator now I’m a biologist
a biologist
a biologist and my job is to question why everything
and my job is to question why everything
and my job is to question why everything in nature is the way it is the way we
in nature is the way it is the way we
in nature is the way it is the way we see it and I grew up in a city so my
see it and I grew up in a city so my
see it and I grew up in a city so my daddy my passion for biology came more
daddy my passion for biology came more
daddy my passion for biology came more from naturalist books but I was reading
from naturalist books but I was reading
from naturalist books but I was reading as a kid and the true biologist really
as a kid and the true biologist really
as a kid and the true biologist really got Unleashed when I started going to
got Unleashed when I started going to
got Unleashed when I started going to the flea trips as a student at the
the flea trips as a student at the
the flea trips as a student at the University and this was the place where
University and this was the place where
University and this was the place where I did my first field trip very ordinary
I did my first field trip very ordinary
I did my first field trip very ordinary forest near Zagreb in Croatia where as I
forest near Zagreb in Croatia where as I
forest near Zagreb in Croatia where as I was doing my studies we discovered one
was doing my studies we discovered one
was doing my studies we discovered one dead salamander and frog eggs was
dead salamander and frog eggs was
dead salamander and frog eggs was nothing exceptional but I was amazed I
nothing exceptional but I was amazed I
nothing exceptional but I was amazed I spent the whole day breathing fresh
spent the whole day breathing fresh
spent the whole day breathing fresh autumn air my needs were muddy my hands
autumn air my needs were muddy my hands
autumn air my needs were muddy my hands were muddy and I was looking at how life
were muddy and I was looking at how life
were muddy and I was looking at how life gives birth and how he dies and from
gives birth and how he dies and from
gives birth and how he dies and from there on I just continue doing
there on I just continue doing
there on I just continue doing experiments during the week I was
experiments during the week I was
experiments during the week I was raising butterfly eggs in my student
raising butterfly eggs in my student
raising butterfly eggs in my student dorm room I was like a 2 by 3 meter room
dorm room I was like a 2 by 3 meter room
dorm room I was like a 2 by 3 meter room my sister was crazy about this but I
my sister was crazy about this but I
my sister was crazy about this but I wanted to see how butterflies go from an
wanted to see how butterflies go from an
wanted to see how butterflies go from an egg to a caterpillar to a flying insect
egg to a caterpillar to a flying insect
egg to a caterpillar to a flying insect and my weekends I was spending them
and my weekends I was spending them
and my weekends I was spending them catching dragonflies because I was
catching dragonflies because I was
catching dragonflies because I was amazed by their colors look at that eyes
amazed by their colors look at that eyes
amazed by their colors look at that eyes and also their ability to fly and I was
and also their ability to fly and I was
and also their ability to fly and I was even spending some of my summer holidays
even spending some of my summer holidays
even spending some of my summer holidays observing the the colonization of dead
observing the the colonization of dead
observing the the colonization of dead mouse bodies by the insects because
mouse bodies by the insects because
mouse bodies by the insects because biology was the future of forensics and
biology was the future of forensics and
biology was the future of forensics and by observing at which time point which
by observing at which time point which
by observing at which time point which insect was present on the dead body you
insect was present on the dead body you
insect was present on the dead body you can determine the time of that now
can determine the time of that now
can determine the time of that now finally
finally
finally it all culminated with me actually doing
it all culminated with me actually doing
it all culminated with me actually doing a real science PhD in biology and the
a real science PhD in biology and the
a real science PhD in biology and the question I decided to to focus on was
question I decided to to focus on was
question I decided to to focus on was the one of why some organisms compete
the one of why some organisms compete
the one of why some organisms compete while others cooperate and I was so
while others cooperate and I was so
while others cooperate and I was so intrigued by this question because as a
intrigued by this question because as a
intrigued by this question because as a biology student you learn that organisms
biology student you learn that organisms
biology student you learn that organisms compete then there is a selection this
compete then there is a selection this
compete then there is a selection this is how natural selection work and the
is how natural selection work and the
is how natural selection work and the strongest one survived and even Darwin
strongest one survived and even Darwin
strongest one survived and even Darwin who is the father of evolutionary theory
who is the father of evolutionary theory
who is the father of evolutionary theory was puzzled by social behaviors he wrote
was puzzled by social behaviors he wrote
was puzzled by social behaviors he wrote a whole chapter on you know these ants
a whole chapter on you know these ants
a whole chapter on you know these ants they cooperate I don’t really understand
they cooperate I don’t really understand
they cooperate I don’t really understand what’s going on it does not completely
what’s going on it does not completely
what’s going on it does not completely fit my theory always so I started
fit my theory always so I started
fit my theory always so I started looking at how biologists were
looking at how biologists were
looking at how biologists were explaining social behaviors and was
explaining social behaviors and was
explaining social behaviors and was surprised by the fact that they were
surprised by the fact that they were
surprised by the fact that they were using economical models to do so
using economical models to do so
using economical models to do so so mathematical models developed by
so mathematical models developed by
so mathematical models developed by economists to understand what does it
economists to understand what does it
economists to understand what does it pay off for us humans to engage in
pay off for us humans to engage in
pay off for us humans to engage in cooperation and when does it pay off for
cooperation and when does it pay off for
cooperation and when does it pay off for us to be competitive same models were
us to be competitive same models were
us to be competitive same models were used on bacteria on insects on bird and
used on bacteria on insects on bird and
used on bacteria on insects on bird and on chimpanzees in eternal they worked
on chimpanzees in eternal they worked
on chimpanzees in eternal they worked even better because you know we met we
even better because you know we met we
even better because you know we met we humans act from emotions lots of times
humans act from emotions lots of times
humans act from emotions lots of times that’s one thing mathematicians did not
that’s one thing mathematicians did not
that’s one thing mathematicians did not know how to put in an equation so
know how to put in an equation so
know how to put in an equation so mathematically it was the same whether
mathematically it was the same whether
mathematically it was the same whether you were bacteria insect or human we
you were bacteria insect or human we
you were bacteria insect or human we were all solving the same equations and
were all solving the same equations and
were all solving the same equations and it turned out that that was not only the
it turned out that that was not only the
it turned out that that was not only the case for social behavior second
case for social behavior second
case for social behavior second economics it was the case for everything
economics it was the case for everything
economics it was the case for everything because you see we all live on this one
because you see we all live on this one
because you see we all live on this one planet and the laws of physics the laws
planet and the laws of physics the laws
planet and the laws of physics the laws of chemistry and the laws of mathematics
of chemistry and the laws of mathematics
of chemistry and the laws of mathematics are the same for everybody doesn’t
are the same for everybody doesn’t
are the same for everybody doesn’t matter if you are a bird or a man-made
matter if you are a bird or a man-made
matter if you are a bird or a man-made drone the physics of flight is the same
drone the physics of flight is the same
drone the physics of flight is the same and they did not matter if you were a
and they did not matter if you were a
and they did not matter if you were a tree the 20 to bring water all the way
tree the 20 to bring water all the way
tree the 20 to bring water all the way from the woods 100 meter high twit
from the woods 100 meter high twit
from the woods 100 meter high twit leaves or if you were an engineer and in
leaves or if you were an engineer and in
leaves or if you were an engineer and in you need to bring water to the third
you need to bring water to the third
you need to bring water to the third floor of your building now the water is
floor of your building now the water is
floor of your building now the water is the same the gravity that you are going
the same the gravity that you are going
the same the gravity that you are going against is the same it just turned out
against is the same it just turned out
against is the same it just turned out that plants were doing it with zero
that plants were doing it with zero
that plants were doing it with zero amount of energy passive protests 6 100
amount of energy passive protests 6 100
amount of energy passive protests 6 100 meter high and we were using big pumps
meter high and we were using big pumps
meter high and we were using big pumps to do so and that and all of that Manson
to do so and that and all of that Manson
to do so and that and all of that Manson meant something very powerful it meant
meant something very powerful it meant
meant something very powerful it meant that we were not the first ones to ask
that we were not the first ones to ask
that we were not the first ones to ask these questions you know how to fly how
these questions you know how to fly how
these questions you know how to fly how to bring water against gravity how to
to bring water against gravity how to
to bring water against gravity how to make materials and it also meant that we
make materials and it also meant that we
make materials and it also meant that we were not the only ones having a solution
were not the only ones having a solution
were not the only ones having a solution actually turned out is we were the last
actually turned out is we were the last
actually turned out is we were the last ones and then simply because
ones and then simply because
ones and then simply because evolutionary we are the youngest species
evolutionary we are the youngest species
evolutionary we are the youngest species so if you would put evolution of life on
so if you would put evolution of life on
so if you would put evolution of life on a scale of the day just to be able to
a scale of the day just to be able to
a scale of the day just to be able to grasp it a bit better we can see that
grasp it a bit better we can see that
grasp it a bit better we can see that life appeared early morning
life appeared early morning
life appeared early morning that’s 3.8 billion years ago
that’s 3.8 billion years ago
that’s 3.8 billion years ago photosynthesis arrived in the around
photosynthesis arrived in the around
photosynthesis arrived in the around noon now and while oxygen was toxic at
noon now and while oxygen was toxic at
noon now and while oxygen was toxic at the beginning in the atmosphere it
the beginning in the atmosphere it
the beginning in the atmosphere it permitted the evolution of more
permitted the evolution of more
permitted the evolution of more efficient metabolic pathways that that
efficient metabolic pathways that that
efficient metabolic pathways that that made the evolution but that made a
made the evolution but that made a
made the evolution but that made a pathway to the evolution of complex life
pathway to the evolution of complex life
pathway to the evolution of complex life forms you have sponges worms fish that
forms you have sponges worms fish that
forms you have sponges worms fish that arrived in the afternoon
arrived in the afternoon
arrived in the afternoon 40 dinosaurs
40 dinosaurs
40 dinosaurs arrived in the evening they stay on this
arrived in the evening they stay on this
arrived in the evening they stay on this planet for one hour before they want
planet for one hour before they want
planet for one hour before they want instinct because a meteorite hit the
instinct because a meteorite hit the
instinct because a meteorite hit the planet Earth most of the life complex
planet Earth most of the life complex
planet Earth most of the life complex animal forms that you
animal forms that you
animal forms that you see like the mammals arrived around
see like the mammals arrived around
see like the mammals arrived around 11:00 in the evening and then one second
11:00 in the evening and then one second
11:00 in the evening and then one second before midnight we humans right just one
before midnight we humans right just one
before midnight we humans right just one second
second
second that’s a blink of an eye and where it’s
that’s a blink of an eye and where it’s
that’s a blink of an eye and where it’s over and you know it seems that life has
over and you know it seems that life has
over and you know it seems that life has been solving problems the whole day but
been solving problems the whole day but
been solving problems the whole day but we and well we just started to play with
we and well we just started to play with
we and well we just started to play with them for the last one second biomimicry
them for the last one second biomimicry
them for the last one second biomimicry is a field that looks at the physics of
is a field that looks at the physics of
is a field that looks at the physics of chemistry mathematics of life and then
chemistry mathematics of life and then
chemistry mathematics of life and then transfers all of that knowledge to our
transfers all of that knowledge to our
transfers all of that knowledge to our human problem solving and because nature
human problem solving and because nature
human problem solving and because nature is sustainable almost by definition
is sustainable almost by definition
is sustainable almost by definition these are all solutions sustainable
these are all solutions sustainable
these are all solutions sustainable solutions to life on planet Earth and
solutions to life on planet Earth and
solutions to life on planet Earth and now then this night billion species
now then this night billion species
now then this night billion species become that books of knowledge and we
become that books of knowledge and we
become that books of knowledge and we just need to start learning from them
just need to start learning from them
just need to start learning from them and then you will have zebra stripes
and then you will have zebra stripes
and then you will have zebra stripes that become passive cooling mechanisms
that become passive cooling mechanisms
that become passive cooling mechanisms for buildings or diatoms and bones
for buildings or diatoms and bones
for buildings or diatoms and bones become the reference book for building
become the reference book for building
become the reference book for building lightweight structures you have desert
lightweight structures you have desert
lightweight structures you have desert beetles they teach us how to capture air
beetles they teach us how to capture air
beetles they teach us how to capture air have how to capture water from air and
have how to capture water from air and
have how to capture water from air and then feed that to populations in arid
then feed that to populations in arid
then feed that to populations in arid regions dragonflies that I was studying
regions dragonflies that I was studying
regions dragonflies that I was studying all my weekends become the experts of
all my weekends become the experts of
all my weekends become the experts of flight because you know they’ve been
flight because you know they’ve been
flight because you know they’ve been flying every day for the last 300
flying every day for the last 300
flying every day for the last 300 million years we’ve been doing it
million years we’ve been doing it
million years we’ve been doing it successfully for the last 100 years
successfully for the last 100 years
successfully for the last 100 years that’s nothing
that’s nothing
that’s nothing and plant
and plant
and plant teach us how to make solar cells but the
teach us how to make solar cells but the
teach us how to make solar cells but the ones that take co2 out of the atmosphere
ones that take co2 out of the atmosphere
ones that take co2 out of the atmosphere and give oxygen back because you know in
and give oxygen back because you know in
and give oxygen back because you know in plants for plants see you too is a
plants for plants see you too is a
plants for plants see you too is a resource an oxygen is waste
resource an oxygen is waste
resource an oxygen is waste imagine if life would treat oxygen as as
imagine if life would treat oxygen as as
imagine if life would treat oxygen as as we treat waste life would not evolved in
we treat waste life would not evolved in
we treat waste life would not evolved in a form that it evolved today scientists
a form that it evolved today scientists
a form that it evolved today scientists and engineers all over the world have
and engineers all over the world have
and engineers all over the world have now started to recognize the elegance of
now started to recognize the elegance of
now started to recognize the elegance of nature’s solutions and then transfer
nature’s solutions and then transfer
nature’s solutions and then transfer that to our human problem solving but
that to our human problem solving but
that to our human problem solving but you know I was an evolutionary biologist
you know I was an evolutionary biologist
you know I was an evolutionary biologist studying cooperative behaviors and I
studying cooperative behaviors and I
studying cooperative behaviors and I wanted to know if if other organism can
wanted to know if if other organism can
wanted to know if if other organism can teach us something about being more
teach us something about being more
teach us something about being more social and I found this especially
social and I found this especially
social and I found this especially interesting in these times when we feel
interesting in these times when we feel
interesting in these times when we feel more divided than ever when we feel more
more divided than ever when we feel more
more divided than ever when we feel more self-centered than ever and when more
self-centered than ever and when more
self-centered than ever and when more than ever we are disconnected from
than ever we are disconnected from
than ever we are disconnected from others around us and innate natural
others around us and innate natural
others around us and innate natural world so I studied amoebas
world so I studied amoebas
world so I studied amoebas they’re called this Dictyostelium disk
they’re called this Dictyostelium disk
they’re called this Dictyostelium disk reading and they all they’re also called
reading and they all they’re also called
reading and they all they’re also called social amoeba and they live in soil or
social amoeba and they live in soil or
social amoeba and they live in soil or all around us if you go out there in
all around us if you go out there in
all around us if you go out there in your background
your background
your background it really will force your founder from
it really will force your founder from
it really will force your founder from some and what’s extremely interesting
some and what’s extremely interesting
some and what’s extremely interesting about them is that when there is normal
about them is that when there is normal
about them is that when there is normal food so when the cells eat all of
food so when the cells eat all of
food so when the cells eat all of bacteria that’s in the soil millions of
bacteria that’s in the soil millions of
bacteria that’s in the soil millions of cells come together this is whole Paris
cells come together this is whole Paris
cells come together this is whole Paris coming together to make this mushroom
coming together to make this mushroom
coming together to make this mushroom like structure and what mushrooms this
like structure and what mushrooms this
like structure and what mushrooms this structure permits the cells it lifts
structure permits the cells it lifts
structure permits the cells it lifts them above the ground and it helps them
them above the ground and it helps them
them above the ground and it helps them disperse
disperse
disperse to disperse much more easier if you are
to disperse much more easier if you are
to disperse much more easier if you are here it done if you’re on the ground but
here it done if you’re on the ground but
here it done if you’re on the ground but it comes at the cost you see the cells
it comes at the cost you see the cells
it comes at the cost you see the cells that built this next structure they need
that built this next structure they need
that built this next structure they need to die and this is 20% of the population
to die and this is 20% of the population
to die and this is 20% of the population so here you have 200,000 cells dying to
so here you have 200,000 cells dying to
so here you have 200,000 cells dying to increase the survival of 800,000 other
increase the survival of 800,000 other
increase the survival of 800,000 other ones this is how nature cooperate this
ones this is how nature cooperate this
ones this is how nature cooperate this is what means to be social in nature and
is what means to be social in nature and
is what means to be social in nature and so I was looking at these organisms
so I was looking at these organisms
so I was looking at these organisms every day I realized that they did they
every day I realized that they did they
every day I realized that they did they know so much more than us what being
know so much more than us what being
know so much more than us what being social means and I would like to share
social means and I would like to share
social means and I would like to share with you two lessons that I learned from
with you two lessons that I learned from
with you two lessons that I learned from these organisms the first one is really
these organisms the first one is really
these organisms the first one is really going back to what does it mean to be
going back to what does it mean to be
going back to what does it mean to be social now I don’t think that we should
social now I don’t think that we should
social now I don’t think that we should all die for our neighbors I lived
all die for our neighbors I lived
all die for our neighbors I lived through a war in ex-yugoslavia in the
through a war in ex-yugoslavia in the
through a war in ex-yugoslavia in the 90s and I think that violence is the
90s and I think that violence is the
90s and I think that violence is the worst solution to any problem but I do
worst solution to any problem but I do
worst solution to any problem but I do think that these organisms can teach us
think that these organisms can teach us
think that these organisms can teach us and what all the other social organisms
and what all the other social organisms
and what all the other social organisms do is that in order to be social you
do is that in order to be social you
do is that in order to be social you need to align your interest with the
need to align your interest with the
need to align your interest with the greater interests of the group so for
greater interests of the group so for
greater interests of the group so for and and you know amoebas do so because
and and you know amoebas do so because
and and you know amoebas do so because they’re all agreed that there is no more
they’re all agreed that there is no more
they’re all agreed that there is no more food where they are where they need to
food where they are where they need to
food where they are where they need to move at some other place and evolution
move at some other place and evolution
move at some other place and evolution has taught them that the best way to do
has taught them that the best way to do
has taught them that the best way to do that is to build a mushroom even at the
that is to build a mushroom even at the
that is to build a mushroom even at the cost so they have all of their
cost so they have all of their
cost so they have all of their priorities and interests aligned but
priorities and interests aligned but
priorities and interests aligned but what does that mean for us humans it
what does that mean for us humans it
what does that mean for us humans it means that we need to start stop only
means that we need to start stop only
means that we need to start stop only thinking about our own short-term
thinking about our own short-term
thinking about our own short-term immediate pleasures and start acting for
immediate pleasures and start acting for
immediate pleasures and start acting for the benefits of the
the benefits of the
the benefits of the now I was a biology student at that time
now I was a biology student at that time
now I was a biology student at that time and I really wanted to learn how can I
and I really wanted to learn how can I
and I really wanted to learn how can I start applying this now so I made the
start applying this now so I made the
start applying this now so I made the phrase a bit simpler I said okay Daria
phrase a bit simpler I said okay Daria
phrase a bit simpler I said okay Daria you need to start doing not only what’s
you need to start doing not only what’s
you need to start doing not only what’s good for you but what’s good for you and
good for you but what’s good for you and
good for you but what’s good for you and and the others and I still remember my
and the others and I still remember my
and the others and I still remember my first step said ok now I’ll start acting
first step said ok now I’ll start acting
first step said ok now I’ll start acting was I went and I bought fair trade
was I went and I bought fair trade
was I went and I bought fair trade chocolate because I decided that if I
chocolate because I decided that if I
chocolate because I decided that if I can I should enjoy if I will enjoy this
can I should enjoy if I will enjoy this
can I should enjoy if I will enjoy this chocolate I want to know that people who
chocolate I want to know that people who
chocolate I want to know that people who made it enjoy it as well and then my
made it enjoy it as well and then my
made it enjoy it as well and then my second step was every time I was taking
second step was every time I was taking
second step was every time I was taking a transport or playing because I do
a transport or playing because I do
a transport or playing because I do travel a lot I tried to pay for carbon
travel a lot I tried to pay for carbon
travel a lot I tried to pay for carbon neutralization because you know we only
neutralization because you know we only
neutralization because you know we only have one atmosphere now let’s let’s keep
have one atmosphere now let’s let’s keep
have one atmosphere now let’s let’s keep it alive together and then the second
it alive together and then the second
it alive together and then the second step I started feeling a happy about
step I started feeling a happy about
step I started feeling a happy about paying taxes now that was the point
paying taxes now that was the point
paying taxes now that was the point where everybody around me thought that I
where everybody around me thought that I
where everybody around me thought that I was going crazy no but I continued
was going crazy no but I continued
was going crazy no but I continued running a marathon and for the last five
running a marathon and for the last five
running a marathon and for the last five years I was running this I’m running
years I was running this I’m running
years I was running this I’m running this Merson and you know what what’s
this Merson and you know what what’s
this Merson and you know what what’s amazing about this I feel engaged
amazing about this I feel engaged
amazing about this I feel engaged I feel social now I think that we should
I feel social now I think that we should
I feel social now I think that we should all start doing you know what’s within
all start doing you know what’s within
all start doing you know what’s within our power and what’s within our
our power and what’s within our
our power and what’s within our community was good for our communities
community was good for our communities
community was good for our communities but start thinking about before acting
but start thinking about before acting
but start thinking about before acting man what’s good not only for me but for
man what’s good not only for me but for
man what’s good not only for me but for me and the others that act from that
me and the others that act from that
me and the others that act from that place the second lesson is what happens
place the second lesson is what happens
place the second lesson is what happens when a social organism stops being
when a social organism stops being
when a social organism stops being social now you can say this stuff’s not
social now you can say this stuff’s not
social now you can say this stuff’s not for me helping others not meiting
for me helping others not meiting
for me helping others not meiting prefer sticking to my own self-interest
prefer sticking to my own self-interest
prefer sticking to my own self-interest and I seem to be doing quite fine doing
and I seem to be doing quite fine doing
and I seem to be doing quite fine doing that now there are people who think like
that now there are people who think like
that now there are people who think like that on it will turn out it’s for reason
that on it will turn out it’s for reason
that on it will turn out it’s for reason but you know there is amoebas who think
but you know there is amoebas who think
but you know there is amoebas who think like that these amoebas don’t contribute
like that these amoebas don’t contribute
like that these amoebas don’t contribute to the style to the next structure but
to the style to the next structure but
to the style to the next structure but only go up in the head where they have
only go up in the head where they have
only go up in the head where they have 100 percent chances
100 percent chances
100 percent chances of survival and eternal the short term
of survival and eternal the short term
of survival and eternal the short term this is the best strategy that you can
this is the best strategy that you can
this is the best strategy that you can do because you know you don’t pay any
do because you know you don’t pay any
do because you know you don’t pay any cost of being part of the group but you
cost of being part of the group but you
cost of being part of the group but you take all the benefits it pays off it’s
take all the benefits it pays off it’s
take all the benefits it pays off it’s smart in a way but research on amoebas
smart in a way but research on amoebas
smart in a way but research on amoebas and this valid for other social systems
and this valid for other social systems
and this valid for other social systems shows that presence of these cells leads
shows that presence of these cells leads
shows that presence of these cells leads to collapse of the group almost
to collapse of the group almost
to collapse of the group almost extinction of the social behavior and
extinction of the social behavior and
extinction of the social behavior and then next time starvation will come all
then next time starvation will come all
then next time starvation will come all cells we die even even though the
cells we die even even though the
cells we die even even though the cheating itself and so we scientists
cheating itself and so we scientists
cheating itself and so we scientists call them cheaters that’s sadly because
call them cheaters that’s sadly because
call them cheaters that’s sadly because there isn’t a lot of human behaviors and
there isn’t a lot of human behaviors and
there isn’t a lot of human behaviors and as a biologist looking at other human
as a biologist looking at other human
as a biologist looking at other human systems I realized that we do everything
systems I realized that we do everything
systems I realized that we do everything to enrich and to kind of make the
to enrich and to kind of make the
to enrich and to kind of make the pathway for these cheaters you know we
pathway for these cheaters you know we
pathway for these cheaters you know we encourage short-term maximization of
encourage short-term maximization of
encourage short-term maximization of profits two years return on investment
profits two years return on investment
profits two years return on investment do things cheaper even if it means
do things cheaper even if it means
do things cheaper even if it means polluting the environment now when I
polluting the environment now when I
polluting the environment now when I speak to people that do sustainable
speak to people that do sustainable
speak to people that do sustainable solutions they tell me if only they
solutions they tell me if only they
solutions they tell me if only they would give us five year return on
would give us five year return on
would give us five year return on investment I think we all need to engage
investment I think we all need to engage
investment I think we all need to engage a bit more and leave more space for
a bit more and leave more space for
a bit more and leave more space for engage social behaviors and not only
engage social behaviors and not only
engage social behaviors and not only short-term cheating behaviors as we call
short-term cheating behaviors as we call
short-term cheating behaviors as we call it in biology now I think that all
it in biology now I think that all
it in biology now I think that all biologists or sociologists and all
biologists or sociologists and all
biologists or sociologists and all psychologists agree
psychologists agree
psychologists agree we humans are social species and there
we humans are social species and there
we humans are social species and there is no economical system and there is no
is no economical system and there is no
is no economical system and there is no political system that will take that
political system that will take that
political system that will take that away from us and I feel that the
away from us and I feel that the
away from us and I feel that the humanitarian and climate crisis that we
humanitarian and climate crisis that we
humanitarian and climate crisis that we are facing today is not one of
are facing today is not one of
are facing today is not one of technological investment but one of us
technological investment but one of us
technological investment but one of us losing our sociality and nature seems to
losing our sociality and nature seems to
losing our sociality and nature seems to know all the answers to how to fix that
know all the answers to how to fix that
know all the answers to how to fix that now from how to make things differently
now from how to make things differently
now from how to make things differently to how to manage social systems and our
to how to manage social systems and our
to how to manage social systems and our human intelligence is not in doing
human intelligence is not in doing
human intelligence is not in doing better than nature that’s our human ego
better than nature that’s our human ego
better than nature that’s our human ego our intelligence is in working with the
our intelligence is in working with the
our intelligence is in working with the nature and you don’t need to be a
nature and you don’t need to be a
nature and you don’t need to be a biologist to do so think that we should
biologist to do so think that we should
biologist to do so think that we should all just start observing a bit born this
all just start observing a bit born this
all just start observing a bit born this time giants that are around us and next
time giants that are around us and next
time giants that are around us and next time you’re faced with a problem
time you’re faced with a problem
time you’re faced with a problem don’t jump straight away to a human
don’t jump straight away to a human
don’t jump straight away to a human centered way of thinking but ask
centered way of thinking but ask
centered way of thinking but ask yourself how the nature of ready solve
yourself how the nature of ready solve
yourself how the nature of ready solve this and then play with nature Thank You
this and then play with nature Thank You
this and then play with nature Thank You [Applause]
”
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