start this presentation with a
general applause that finally what
we have achieved
after 40 years of technological development
as graphic power to my right
the prices of solar panels are
have reduced by a hundred times
today the production cost of
the solar panels allow us
exploit solar energy at costs
competitive will have energy
conventional coal or oil
In addition, between 2012 and 2014
installed the same amount globally
of power to exploit solar energy
between the two decades of 1985 to 2005
now we have to raise your and
high production capacity which is what
continue to answer this question and
put in perspective the perspective of
ogre
let’s say the ford model t a
despite the fact that the modern vehicle
invented in 1886
at the beginning of the 20th century vehicles
they were complex and expensive weather
operate and maintain and that he only used
in certain sectors like get when fort
managed to massify the production of
vehicle was the achievement was that between
1909 1912 the cost of having a vehicle
it was cut in half and production
it went from 10,000 vehicles a year to 170
thousand vehicles a year to integrate
this new technology
we had to invent a new one and a
lots of other systems for
to be able to integrate the vehicle in our
daily life
we had to invent asphalt roads
toll highways to pay for those
roads and highways that we build
traffic signs to be able to
organize the vehicles that transited
for those roads
we had to invent the license of
drive to have security that
those that operate technology what
they did it properly
to public health concerns not
comes to reinvent a whole system for
have security in case of accidents and
we had to invent new sectors
I guarantee you that at the end of the 19th century
there were not many plans out there
business for jail integrates the
vehicles in our daily life is a
of the great engineering works of the
20th century take that century’s invention
19 that was the vehicle and dominate it for
integrate our daily life is a
great achievement of the last century
today we have a new challenge in
you look at the 21st century and it ‘s taking those
20th century advances on panels
solar and integral solar energy in
our daily life
we talked a little about what they are
those challenges one of the most complex is
manage variability in a day
sunny
the solar resource rises during the day
arrives at noon its maximum and then
lowers cute and clean in a predictable way
until the end of the afternoon in other
days not so much
It starts a sunny day and suddenly
we are on one of those afternoons of
September in which it rains at three o’clock
in the afternoon practically like
if it was a chronometer I am your truth and
on other days the solar panels
definitely not going to produce as much
as we would like
the variability of solar energy happens
in different time scales capture
this energy requires us to do the
more flexible energy systems
now what does it mean to do the ex and
flexible systems is power
store energy to use it will put
we need and the sun does not shine how much
we want or not available in the
amount that we need
the most obvious solution is always going to
be install batteries put more
hydroelectric plants but that
alternative are really expensive and the
opportunity that we have in looking for ways
of reducing the cost of flexibility
to be able to integrate more solar energy
this opportunity to reduce the cost what
that brings us to new developments
technological we have to invent
in the past, people used to talk about flattening
the demand curve
here many we have heard determined
that idea was based on the concept that
if the demand curve that energy
that we consume during the day is flat
we use the plants many hours and
that reduces the cost of energy but the
21st century and in the world solar energy
we should start to adjust our
demand to the hours where the sun shines
that means moving the consumption of the
blue areas to the works where there is more
energy availability
in other words we can not control
the sun with a finger
but something we can do is
consume energy intelligently and
fortunately we already have devices
in our energy systems that
They are capable of storing energy
naturally and we can take advantage of these
capabilities to reduce
significantly the cost of
system flexibility for example the
refrigerators in supermarkets that
they served as a thermal battery the
air conditioners and the buildings are
other charges that we can use to
be able to integrate more solar energy and
tanks that work like batteries
mechanical and not and that promote more
alternatives to be able to have more
energy in our systems
now let’s look at an example the 20th century
what it is about what I am saying
you all know the refrigerator
the house is familiar with the
apparatus that live their kitchens
refrigerators the house works from the
next form the internal temperature
the refiner goes up when a
limit for now on and a
time it ‘s the refrigerator inside it
shut down is because it reached the temperature
lower and the temperature temperature is
move up and down to
up and down to appear now
it turns on and off and on and it
turn off in a cycle that I continue to
continues without taking into account the
energy availability or the price of
electricity in the twenty-first century
we can install reads a control
smart our refrigerator and that
is able to make decisions with a lot
more information than we use
today for example they can measure
how much solar energy is available and
using the internal temperature of the
refrigerator
can be turned on and off in a
smart taking into account the capv the
production of solar panels in the
roof of the house or company electricity
and it’s a radical change is a very change
important because it has implications for
the way in which we put price
we buy and sell energy is something a
little more complex than just thinking
in technological solutions in the
current system the consumer video to
end of a chain
at the end of an inverted triangle
where it is totally disconnected from
the generation sources the plants
hydroelectric power plants
coal in other countries are far from
consumer does not know that it exists and is
came to the network in the 20th century
the only activity that the
consumer was acquiring new
devices consume energy and pay
the final month account and this one and in
this system is that we invented ourselves as
we charge fees like establishing the
way to pay
how do we finance the expansions of the
system everything is based on that model
now in the 21st century the model turns
and every consumer is also a
producer of energy and also power
provide services to the electric network
and what we are seeing with this great
change is that for the first time on the island
years of history that the sector has
electricity there is a change in the chain
of value of electricity
we have to be able to define what is the
value of the energy produced by the
solar panels
same as the energy produced
by other sources or in other places
we are observing a mixture between
internet of things
the intellect banking the energy
solar so that households and businesses
can integrate more and more
smart devices in their
systems to be able to interact with the
network using more and more information
and so behave like the refrigerator
smart we saw a few minutes ago
and finally we are seeing something
even more radical and in the
integration with the transport sector
and mobility
let’s think about a not too distant future
where the battery of our vehicles
electric are not going to allow
increments
even more the flexibility of
electrical system to integrate yet
more solar energy
The truth is that it is an environment
changing is a dynamic environment and
is full of new opportunities for
the electricity industry sector and
at this time those of us who work
In this sector
we see that there are two cops
possibilities the first is to fall into the
obsolescence and the next one is
adapt for costa rica all these
challenges that we just talked about involve
great opportunities during the century
twenty and costa rica stayed out of
many of the big industries that
did the developed countries what
that are today we did not have resources
miners we do not have natural resources
classics like coal and oil
we do not have the capital and therefore not
We were able to ride on that great train
development for the 21st century if we have
opportunity and solar energy in the
opportunity that costa rica has for
be able to develop technology and exploit
this resource that we have
available throughout the year already
throughout the day the integration of
Solar energy will be enabled by
software for solutions that require
more and more software and models
mathematicians
these mathematical models are the ones that
allows us to handle the loads
smart manage variability
prediction system processing
signals processing of images and
advanced controls
I want to imagine that sound models
mathematicians made in costa rica
running on devices designed in
Costa Rica that are exported to the world
we can make an important contribution to that
global goal of integrating solar energy
in the electrical networks of the world
achieve this goal motive the work of
many of us that every day
we are in universities and industries and
laboratories looking for how to improve and
how to integrate more and more energy
clean
some of us dream of seeing a costa rica
leader in this area and it is not impossible
we have already achieved it we did it in the
medical devices and devices
electronic
the reality is that there is nothing to avoid
what
we only play in the first division but
that amate that we are leaders in the
themes
thank you very much the longest
”
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