last in a war zone
that is to say at the beginning I started
my gap year I’m saying
to do internships ie I had
found an internship in an essay at
Moscow was supposed to last three months then
finally it went pretty badly
with action aa and after a month
where I can turn this is it
things that happen
for a question of disagreements over the
editorial line he was pretty pro
Russian was a French reaction
based in Nantes and in the wake of
will reside my face I have seen friends
who finally told me if I was
place I would sell pitchs so
I took my train ticket for Kiev
since moscow and I went
ukraine there was no need of faces
that was the beginning of my adventure
Ukrainian who in the end the duration in
time a little over a year
so in total I spent almost Way
a name in ukraine and
including three months in the war zone
separatist sides and where we
tackles the brave new world question
in fact it is also we attend
today to new types of
conflicts what I mean is that
what we saw in ukraine you
follow the news of Eastern Europe
it’s your brain to say you have
due in mouth during your studies
we have seen what is called emergence
of a hybrid war so that’s a word
on which we are still wondering is this
that it really exists the concept of
hybrid war but it must be said
actually that what we could in
ukraine was first in the Crimea
an invasion that did not say its name
with the onset of soldiers
Russian osk without emblem with a state
Russian who refuses to tell our soldiers
are here an annexation in good and due
form
and then in eastern Ukraine
in the donbass we saw some militia
priori people who arm themselves
themselves and then we saw
the appearance of military equipment
more and more heavy so first of all
kalachnikovs then gradually
old tanks since the times that a
modern third – party weapon systems
and all that took the aspect of a war
of trenches which today in reindeer
Sunday
according to the un numbers that are
often underestimated and it poses a
question actually is how is this
we bump into this environment there
new forms of conflict
does it imply new
form of war reporting that’s me
seems logical
basically there was propaganda that
came with the game reid has healed
but we can say it’s yes it’s
the war form association
conventional and unconventional
ie on the one hand yes the big ones
time almost at the waist davai davai
and then war actions 6 1
if mast with age in hac wide and
through
but also a huge effort of
propaganda is what we saw during
this from this station have grain
we saw the deployment of a propaganda
we had never had before Russian side
with the mobilization of all
the national media of a lot of
private media too is genuinely
sometimes the invention of information
completely delusional
or how to present the
information that was completely
delusional so have floated in a
ocean of information be biased
either invented or completely
misleading and it was necessary to find
in there
the only briand a priori is to go
on the spot
among the examples one has to remember to
summer 2014
there was the case like that a report
who was talking about a child who had a
three-year-old child who had been
crucified by Ukrainian soldiers
in public place
well I have they went on
place they have free that nobody has
been crucified it’s just the
propaganda to say how much the
fearful sandals would have been
monsters to do something similar
there was in September the appearance on
Russian TV channels from
the news that we would have found
mass graves in the niches that
the soldiers the soldiers they fear in
massacred people and made
mass graves and so at the beginning the
separatists say yes there are some
dozens of corpses after a chain
of television speaks 2.44 and the 1st
october sergueï lavrov
nice remy speaks of 400 corpses 400
corpses it makes the world
it seems that international investment
who came on the spot who investigated
in fact there were nine corpses
the majority of them fighters
and 4 actually been victims
extrajudicial executions of the
share of
of the Kenyan army unfolded but
it’s not 400 corpses
and so here is finally roughly
what does it change three
journalists to work in a
hybrid war context where there is
this species of the unspoken
deployment of forces on the one hand but
also large plot
media to treat you
the involvement of forces
demonize the opponent who still a
times are not chosen named we have
seen on a scale never seen in Ukraine
before but I’m not saying that Ukrainians
these are angels no longer actually
they too have used some
form of propaganda but for
reasons that are quite numerous
in particular the fact that the media
Ukrainian media party n entertained
of oligarchs who do not follow
coherent strategy had been
great strategies niel progress of
demonization of russia in the
Ukrainian media or so less
ladder
good first of all have to talk about something
it looks like this case a new
form of war reporting what is it
the war report now that’s me
remember a moment with a friend who
was release correspondent
it is necessary to imagine in me we were
both to donetsk in a species
of hotel a little
that chico’s in 4 nice stars where we
but it was not where we were
do not know where to stay in that cost
racing at night we did not have the tune
in May anyway it was nice we get
found there to work for by
costs and to discuss so everywhere
in the everywhere in the lobby there was
guys gendarmes businessmen a
little ladle of prostitutes in
the atmosphere of a war zone
in a classy hotel all that the
region counts more the more festive and
talking to seniors but you
really believe that we are winning the
gain in number
finally, being there
currently it makes us
war reporters but it made it
four years that he is in ukraine
it was four years that he covered
news and he could have already
think that this country in peace can
switch to war
one day I wanted them it was a
fashion I was there I do not even have my
diploma of journalism school
as much as you say we’re going to postpone
war I do not believe a second because
actually the requirements are the
same for war reporting as
elsewhere they have objectivity of
respect for sources
donald and this is a priori there is no
great thing that differs you know
your clausewitz you know that the
war is the continuation of the
politics by other means
how can we understand a war
if he does not understand the context
historical cultural policy of the country
in which we are
before being a war reporter you have to
to be reporter on the area that we
knows no light is the same
so we would say yes world during the
war on all this he does not know but
just
we’re right here because a conflict there
must be done but in powder
Ukraine here and then we saw
appear stuff was said here
finally the dangers of a knockoff are the
same everywhere
we actually noticed there was
differences between the risk of
to take a shell on my head
removed on actually that the
respect for the sources were no longer
justin vaguely that if ever we
put the name of a person could
to be killed in an article and that
happened to some of us
we have a source that disappears
it happened to me personally
then we noticed in this context of
hybrid war there was something of
again if it’s still not
really new but the journalist
is increasingly questioned in his
neutrality to the extent that
information has become an element
of war bat measure where the information
became a weapon the filmed diary
the vector of this information is a
vector of ammo somewhere
information has become crucial in
this kind of conflict so our
neutrality constantly brought back
question good ask me all the time
if champion management so I ‘m in
were on it
french jean-marie blahed him but
had to guard against this
kind of risk and it happened to us
everyone to be more or less
heckled sequestered wounded that this
either by the separatists all by the
Ukrainian so especially
a little glorious episode of
counter-espionage of Christians who told me
put four hours in a cellar with a
makarov on the table 10 rebounds then
What are you really good and mad
is gone for annie because they are
not completely stupid but but
here and we noticed other things
it’s curious there was a new one
new risk in fact for the
reporters who appeared it was
to be smoked on issues
techniques
so it does not look like that but
another example there was a
American journalist who came to us
see a day in the same ramada the
same hotel here we are in the process of
drink popular long day we get
rest and see us well how that I
am shocked he will tell us I have a
story that could be all of us
to kill and he immediately
told what it was so we had
all to be killed superb told us he
is the sv where the services of
Ukrainian intelligence who told me
given a secret document and that he says
roughly speaking, the separatists
train to build a dirty bomb then
for these bundles for those who
do not know a dirty bomb that’s
just think just complicated
at farm it’s a conventional bung
therefore in explosive with asphalt around
radioactive elements
the goal is a weapon of destruction
massive finally a weapon of terror in
anyway the budget because explode it
imagine manhattan after that finally the
American GDP is divided by two
it is
the idea is roughly that
separatists is building
a weapon of massive terror they
might have been dropped on Kiev
it seemed to me completely stupid
hypothesis because to assemble this
kind of weapons it takes a level
technical
these guys did not have Russia
had no desire to leave them
play with radioactive weapons
and then an easy moment to lug around
until kiev at nothing there is a sacred
trots km2 of niece waters up to
in Kiev
while lugging it had a weapon of
massive destruction discreetly no
not believe it or not the article appeared
in newsweek and in times but it’s
in smoke it was completely
smoky so that was not necessary
look at that and that’s where we got
actually understood the new requirements
for journalists in the areas
but today if it is necessary
know the technique you need
to know the fossil material
it is necessary to know how to distinguish a
times that are from another time that
it’s all stupid angle but take
the example of you remember the crash of the
same age July 17, 2014
a plane is flying quietly above
dubai
suddenly a missile bursts 298 hand
Russia and Ukraine are sending each other
the ball is you who shot not
it’s you
good is an open secret
we know that it is Russia that is
finally we know it’s a Russian missile
who beat the missile flight
part of Croatian territory
but there is such a such campaign
of propaganda that’s completely
we did not know how to finally failed
to a real information campaign
and at the end of it’s finally people get
are saying yes it’s maybe the
Ukrainians at its head the Russians in
was enough to look at the details
techniques finally enough is enough
but looking a little at the details
techniques we know that the only device
the only the only defense system
aerial anti capable of shooting down that kind
airplane had a system I would say
not Russian but still and we saw
Fun stuff we saw on the card
wikipedia this weapon that the
day after the crash the ceiling build of
tears were no longer 10000 m finally
among the master but 7 mm a hacker
Russian had modified the isf and the card
wikipedia to say to look at that
may seem this weapon because she
do not shoot high enough to shoot down
plane is that they are sick and
[Music]
finally made it to us all
were more or less useful this kind
new skills
when we are in a war zone we
agree that I have acquired what
I call boy scouting skills
that is to say
we are confronted with weapons
daily via a guy he’s going to us
to show a weapon he tells me this is a
disaster
ok there is a guy who will give you a
bulletproof vest he says that’s okay
stop 62 set balls but not
enamel of nine if it is not good
for and after they explain to us the
blah blah and little by little we learn
to recognize the times we are learning
to know one acquires a small
military knowledge of methane
lose the soul the technicality in stack
it had to be useful but in fact
it’s way ahead of things like that
could demonstrate the involvement of
the Russian army in eastern Ukraine
An example is I did an article
it was in February 2015 on aviation
separation separatists did not
never heard of the plane in
waters ukraine but some
separatists were saying yes we have some
had the dudes set up
he had released three hits just like
that he had installed rockets
underneath they are said that’s it there is
a terrifying strike force
we will be able to make my kids
the Ukrainian army purse was from the
com but it’s interesting though
because to roll a crazy plane
carousel and it does not grow in our
morals or already that was a sign
interesting
moreover it needed pieces of
spare all that stuff there was some
museum pieces so I realized
on the spot I went to see
the airfield and I had to keep it in
the aisle an anti-aircraft system that
is called the think and that holds
very antiaircraft systems
advanced developed by russia
in 2011 and never exported
what did it do that thing
is that if ever if I had not been
able to identify those at this
entire system nothing I could not have
to say it’s the Russians
since logic makes it roughly
Ukrainians finally pro Russian
do not escape saying we have this
armament because we’ve entered it
to the Ukrainians for the battle is
to say the Ukrainians fled they have
left their time to pick them up
it’s hard to take
Ukrainian armaments who have never
had nothing logical so here it is there in
fact that I think for this kind of
conflict
today it is one of the requirements of the
top of the war reporter and it’s for
that today I think the term
war reporter justifies it is that he
must acquire this technicality for
acquire this knowledge of
armament and operation of
trees and then there is another trick that
was interesting it was the
social networks the news
technologies it’s I do not know if you
know
as is called beautiful May 4 which has
got out pretty well so be recent and
in fact the guys do not go on the
field what they do is issue on
the sources
what’s called open source they
follow the social networks and
follow the only girls who are
posted online
he sees a guy who post in this
girl they have to donetsk
and then they will look on his profile
he sees that guy soldiers in the army
active according to things and that’s like
that there was some of the investigations
which in my opinion is one of the most beautiful
investigation that was done on the war
in ukraine it’s a trick made by nice
where there is a vice reporter very
talented who has to find a profile
on this contact who the Russian facebook
takes advantage of a russian soldier who were
deployed in eastern Ukraine there
post a lot of salif sy ce
boy he was posting series everywhere
in the eyes of ukraine so the
weiss journalist created a page he
go to the extremes he recreated
a contact page
and he made 17 girls in the same place
that this Russian soldier and after him he
send the dedicated page then some
comments obviously he refused to
comment but it was quite a proof
again
the obligation of a good and it’s that kind
of something that actually allows tracking down
weapons did not hit hard what they
they say today in the conflicts
hybrid is actually what is
interesting is that today this
ie be transposed conflict
to the other for example take the war
in syria
jean catteau ci investigated the
war in syria there are investigators
Russian who has never been to
syria have managed to demonstrate
quickly the involvement of the army of
the Russian army in syria deployment
myself I did an investigation on the
way in which the Russian had
organized their deployment there
simply with online supports
which allows you to follow the route live
of agen these stuff that are available and
you see there are plenty of aircraft in time
real be it plane drums
up to berlin or where the carrier
cargo ship that carries guns from
Kazakhstan up
to the attacked serial and that that
can do a lot in four
years so we are what you
realize that today one of
most renowned cartographers on the
war in syria it’s a teenager
Dutch is a guy of 17 who
is called thomas van linden who since
two three years in his room
the statement readings
geographical area follows the evolution
conflict and conflict of all this it makes
cards with marine colors and
this online 70000 followers
finally it’s interviews everywhere and we
see more and more things like that
and the one with parallel power that is
interesting is that we have both
the appearance of forms of war that
are it mixing conventional
and unconventional which are what
free paper it and we have moreover
the emergence of journalists and then also
in that hybrid that is who stays on
conventional forms it takes
go on the field must continue
to go to the field but otherwise
the convoy investigations recently with this
kind of things shows that we do not have
necessarily need to be on the
field besides that the two
serve
it’s a new type of war
a new type of war journalism
but the main thing is to reach
each time to follow the evolution of
these conflicts to see fit to adapt to
better possible and denounce the excesses
that could be committed and the
fingerprints to international laws
as we saw last year
jones
[Applause]
”
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