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The Evolutionary Roots of our Future | Lonnie Aarssen | TEDxQueensU


I’m a biology researcher and so

I’m a biology researcher and so everything in my work makes sense only

everything in my work makes sense only

everything in my work makes sense only in the light of evolution today I’d like

in the light of evolution today I’d like

in the light of evolution today I’d like to tell you about why I think we need a

to tell you about why I think we need a

to tell you about why I think we need a deeper understanding of how Darwinian

deeper understanding of how Darwinian

deeper understanding of how Darwinian evolution has shaped to mind and

evolution has shaped to mind and

evolution has shaped to mind and motivations of the human animal and in

motivations of the human animal and in

motivations of the human animal and in particular why it hasn’t made us as

particular why it hasn’t made us as

particular why it hasn’t made us as smart as we often think we are here’s

smart as we often think we are here’s

smart as we often think we are here’s why it matters

why it matters

why it matters civilization as we know it is in trouble

civilization as we know it is in trouble

civilization as we know it is in trouble we’ve become too successful there are

we’ve become too successful there are

we’ve become too successful there are too many of us now and we’re trashing

too many of us now and we’re trashing

too many of us now and we’re trashing the planet we got this way because of

the planet we got this way because of

the planet we got this way because of what we are and the critical question is

what we are and the critical question is

what we are and the critical question is are we equipped to respond effectively

are we equipped to respond effectively

are we equipped to respond effectively to what we have done there is no reason

to what we have done there is no reason

to what we have done there is no reason to suspect that we should be and there

to suspect that we should be and there

to suspect that we should be and there is plenty of reason to suspect that we

is plenty of reason to suspect that we

is plenty of reason to suspect that we may not be here I argue that being

may not be here I argue that being

may not be here I argue that being equipped will depend on whether we can

equipped will depend on whether we can

equipped will depend on whether we can come to a deeper and more broadly public

come to a deeper and more broadly public

come to a deeper and more broadly public understanding of what we are and this

understanding of what we are and this

understanding of what we are and this will require understanding that what we

will require understanding that what we

will require understanding that what we are is from the past and so what are we

are is from the past and so what are we

are is from the past and so what are we humans are fascinated with themselves

humans are fascinated with themselves

humans are fascinated with themselves our obsession with this question is why

our obsession with this question is why

our obsession with this question is why the arts and humanities exist they have

the arts and humanities exist they have

the arts and humanities exist they have given us more than science a mirror of

given us more than science a mirror of

given us more than science a mirror of the inner self showing how the

the inner self showing how the

the inner self showing how the motivations and social lives and

motivations and social lives and

motivations and social lives and cultures of humans are unlike any other

cultures of humans are unlike any other

cultures of humans are unlike any other creature but they have not shown us why

creature but they have not shown us why

creature but they have not shown us why and they have never aspired to do so the

and they have never aspired to do so the

and they have never aspired to do so the arts and humanities thrive by leaving

arts and humanities thrive by leaving

arts and humanities thrive by leaving the water art we question essentially

the water art we question essentially

the water art we question essentially unanswered as an enduring and revered

unanswered as an enduring and revered

unanswered as an enduring and revered mystery but evolutionary biology has

mystery but evolutionary biology has

mystery but evolutionary biology has given us a very clear and certain

given us a very clear and certain

given us a very clear and certain perspective of what we are we are an

perspective of what we are we are an

perspective of what we are we are an animal among many millions of others the

animal among many millions of others the

animal among many millions of others the vast majority of which have long been

vast majority of which have long been

vast majority of which have long been extinct a species that is only about

extinct a species that is only about

extinct a species that is only about 200000 years old but descended from a

200000 years old but descended from a

200000 years old but descended from a very long lineage most of which was not

very long lineage most of which was not

very long lineage most of which was not human when Charles Darwin published his

human when Charles Darwin published his

human when Charles Darwin published his theory on the origin of species in 1859

theory on the origin of species in 1859

theory on the origin of species in 1859 one of his main public opponents was a

one of his main public opponents was a

one of his main public opponents was a clergyman named Bishop Wilberforce his

clergyman named Bishop Wilberforce his

clergyman named Bishop Wilberforce his wife was famously reported to have said

wife was famously reported to have said

wife was famously reported to have said in a conversation to a friend my dear

in a conversation to a friend my dear

in a conversation to a friend my dear have you heard mr. Darwin’s theory that

have you heard mr. Darwin’s theory that

have you heard mr. Darwin’s theory that we are all descended from apes let us

we are all descended from apes let us

we are all descended from apes let us hope that this is not true and if true

hope that this is not true and if true

hope that this is not true and if true let us hope that it not become generally

let us hope that it not become generally

let us hope that it not become generally known while the hope of mrs. Wilberforce

known while the hope of mrs. Wilberforce

known while the hope of mrs. Wilberforce turned out to be a prophecy largely

turned out to be a prophecy largely

turned out to be a prophecy largely fulfilled for example in the province of

fulfilled for example in the province of

fulfilled for example in the province of Ontario the amount of human evolution

Ontario the amount of human evolution

Ontario the amount of human evolution that is required to be covered in the

that is required to be covered in the

that is required to be covered in the high school curriculum is zero and so it

high school curriculum is zero and so it

high school curriculum is zero and so it seems to me as a biologist that in

seems to me as a biologist that in

seems to me as a biologist that in responding effectively to a collapsing

responding effectively to a collapsing

responding effectively to a collapsing civilization our greatest limitation is

civilization our greatest limitation is

civilization our greatest limitation is that we don’t really know ourselves very

that we don’t really know ourselves very

that we don’t really know ourselves very well at all like other animals the

well at all like other animals the

well at all like other animals the behavior of humans is informed by the

behavior of humans is informed by the

behavior of humans is informed by the effects of genes inherited from the

effects of genes inherited from the

effects of genes inherited from the ancestral past but our genes do not bark

ancestral past but our genes do not bark

ancestral past but our genes do not bark orders they only whisper to us these

orders they only whisper to us these

orders they only whisper to us these animals are creatures who spend their

animals are creatures who spend their

animals are creatures who spend their whole lives just trying to get fed stay

whole lives just trying to get fed stay

whole lives just trying to get fed stay alive and get laid

alive and get laid

alive and get laid that’s about it but that’s all they need

that’s about it but that’s all they need

that’s about it but that’s all they need in order to leave descendants in other

in order to leave descendants in other

in order to leave descendants in other words for gene transmission success

words for gene transmission success

words for gene transmission success which is what biologists call

which is what biologists call

which is what biologists call evolutionary fitness and these extinct

evolutionary fitness and these extinct

evolutionary fitness and these extinct species of early humans were probably

species of early humans were probably

species of early humans were probably also creatures who spent their whole

also creatures who spent their whole

also creatures who spent their whole lives just trying to get fed stay alive

lives just trying to get fed stay alive

lives just trying to get fed stay alive and mate with each other and this is

and mate with each other and this is

and mate with each other and this is certainly true of chimpanzees our

certainly true of chimpanzees our

certainly true of chimpanzees our closest living genetic relative in the

closest living genetic relative in the

closest living genetic relative in the family of great apes survival and sex

family of great apes survival and sex

family of great apes survival and sex done well is pretty much all that these

done well is pretty much all that these

done well is pretty much all that these animals require in order to transmit

animals require in order to transmit

animals require in order to transmit gene copies successfully into future

gene copies successfully into future

gene copies successfully into future generations and of course our species

generations and of course our species

generations and of course our species must also accomplish these in order to

must also accomplish these in order to

must also accomplish these in order to leave descendants but the motivations of

leave descendants but the motivations of

leave descendants but the motivations of modern humans involve so much more as

modern humans involve so much more as

modern humans involve so much more as acclaimed philosopher Albert Camus said

acclaimed philosopher Albert Camus said

acclaimed philosopher Albert Camus said we humans are creatures who spend our

we humans are creatures who spend our

we humans are creatures who spend our whole lives trying to convince ourselves

whole lives trying to convince ourselves

whole lives trying to convince ourselves that our existence is not absurd our

that our existence is not absurd our

that our existence is not absurd our species inherited genes from ancestors

species inherited genes from ancestors

species inherited genes from ancestors that gave us an awareness of time

that gave us an awareness of time

that gave us an awareness of time awareness of self and an awareness that

awareness of self and an awareness that

awareness of self and an awareness that others also have self-awareness this

others also have self-awareness this

others also have self-awareness this gave us a whole new advanced toolkit for

gave us a whole new advanced toolkit for

gave us a whole new advanced toolkit for social intelligence on a scale

social intelligence on a scale

social intelligence on a scale unavailable to other animals allowing us

unavailable to other animals allowing us

unavailable to other animals allowing us to predict the behavior of others and to

to predict the behavior of others and to

to predict the behavior of others and to gauge how we might be perceived by

gauge how we might be perceived by

gauge how we might be perceived by others we became ever more skilled

others we became ever more skilled

others we became ever more skilled experts at cooperation negotiation and

experts at cooperation negotiation and

experts at cooperation negotiation and teamwork and at the same time masters of

teamwork and at the same time masters of

teamwork and at the same time masters of manipulation deception cheating and

manipulation deception cheating and

manipulation deception cheating and lying

but this self-consciousness also gave us

but this self-consciousness also gave us an ability to foresee our own death a

an ability to foresee our own death a

an ability to foresee our own death a being who knows that he will die arose

being who knows that he will die arose

being who knows that he will die arose from ancestors who did not know this

from ancestors who did not know this

from ancestors who did not know this might have been all well and fine but

might have been all well and fine but

might have been all well and fine but natural selection was not finished

natural selection was not finished

natural selection was not finished it also gave us an anxiety about this

it also gave us an anxiety about this

it also gave us an anxiety about this but not so much an anxiety about the

but not so much an anxiety about the

but not so much an anxiety about the eventual experience of literal death

eventual experience of literal death

eventual experience of literal death rather it gave us an anxiety about what

rather it gave us an anxiety about what

rather it gave us an anxiety about what eventual death imposes impermanence of

eventual death imposes impermanence of

eventual death imposes impermanence of the self self impermanence anxiety is

the self self impermanence anxiety is

the self self impermanence anxiety is about worrying that one’s life is absurd

about worrying that one’s life is absurd

about worrying that one’s life is absurd meaningless pointless without purpose

meaningless pointless without purpose

meaningless pointless without purpose it’s a fear of not being able to leave

it’s a fear of not being able to leave

it’s a fear of not being able to leave something of oneself for the future not

something of oneself for the future not

something of oneself for the future not just because time brings eventual death

just because time brings eventual death

just because time brings eventual death but more specifically because in

but more specifically because in

but more specifically because in bringing eventual death time inevitably

bringing eventual death time inevitably

bringing eventual death time inevitably annihilates all that we do and all that

annihilates all that we do and all that

annihilates all that we do and all that we are and so our evolution has given us

we are and so our evolution has given us

we are and so our evolution has given us some self impermanence anxiety buffers

some self impermanence anxiety buffers

some self impermanence anxiety buffers to manage this curse of consciousness

to manage this curse of consciousness

to manage this curse of consciousness there are two types and they are

there are two types and they are

there are two types and they are represented very effectively in this

represented very effectively in this

represented very effectively in this well-known manifesto for life dream as

well-known manifesto for life dream as

well-known manifesto for life dream as if you will live forever live as if you

if you will live forever live as if you

if you will live forever live as if you will die today the first of these is

will die today the first of these is

will die today the first of these is just a delusion about being able to

just a delusion about being able to

just a delusion about being able to leave a legacy something of oneself that

leave a legacy something of oneself that

leave a legacy something of oneself that will transcend death and the second is a

will transcend death and the second is a

will transcend death and the second is a distraction provided by leisure free

distraction provided by leisure free

distraction provided by leisure free time indulgence in opportunities for

time indulgence in opportunities for

time indulgence in opportunities for pleasure and so humans have more than

pleasure and so humans have more than

pleasure and so humans have more than just a survival Drive and a sex drive we

just a survival Drive and a sex drive we

just a survival Drive and a sex drive we are also motivated by what I call a

are also motivated by what I call a

are also motivated by what I call a legacy drive and a leisure drive the

legacy drive and a leisure drive the

legacy drive and a leisure drive the critical question though is why would

critical question though is why would

critical question though is why would evolution give us an anxiety about self

evolution give us an anxiety about self

evolution give us an anxiety about self and permanence perhaps it was just an

and permanence perhaps it was just an

and permanence perhaps it was just an emotional cost that for our ancestors

emotional cost that for our ancestors

emotional cost that for our ancestors was worth paying because it was

was worth paying because it was

was worth paying because it was generally outweighed by the fitness

generally outweighed by the fitness

generally outweighed by the fitness benefits of the awareness of time and

benefits of the awareness of time and

benefits of the awareness of time and self-consciousness

self-consciousness

self-consciousness I suggest that our ancestors could

I suggest that our ancestors could

I suggest that our ancestors could manage this anxiety because they evolved

manage this anxiety because they evolved

manage this anxiety because they evolved dispositions to be easily distracted by

dispositions to be easily distracted by

dispositions to be easily distracted by leisure and cultural evolution informed

leisure and cultural evolution informed

leisure and cultural evolution informed by biological evolution has given us a

by biological evolution has given us a

by biological evolution has given us a large leisure menu to choose from all of

large leisure menu to choose from all of

large leisure menu to choose from all of these many modern domains of leisure

these many modern domains of leisure

these many modern domains of leisure drive are rooted in the same kinds of

drive are rooted in the same kinds of

drive are rooted in the same kinds of pleasure modules that rewarded the

pleasure modules that rewarded the

pleasure modules that rewarded the reproductive success of ancestors

reproductive success of ancestors

reproductive success of ancestors including those associated with

including those associated with

including those associated with obtaining food securing shelter

obtaining food securing shelter

obtaining food securing shelter exploration social status success in

exploration social status success in

exploration social status success in competition cooperation and social

competition cooperation and social

competition cooperation and social alliances companionship intimacy family

alliances companionship intimacy family

alliances companionship intimacy family relations recreational sex humor

relations recreational sex humor

relations recreational sex humor amusement an aesthetic entertainment

amusement an aesthetic entertainment

amusement an aesthetic entertainment toys stories meditation and intoxication

toys stories meditation and intoxication

toys stories meditation and intoxication in addition however I suggest that our

in addition however I suggest that our

in addition however I suggest that our evolution gave us an anxiety about self

evolution gave us an anxiety about self

evolution gave us an anxiety about self and permanence because it also rewarded

and permanence because it also rewarded

and permanence because it also rewarded the reproductive success of our

the reproductive success of our

the reproductive success of our ancestors by making them susceptible to

ancestors by making them susceptible to

ancestors by making them susceptible to a delusion of legacy in particular

a delusion of legacy in particular

a delusion of legacy in particular legacy through Parenthood as dobzhansky

legacy through Parenthood as dobzhansky

legacy through Parenthood as dobzhansky broke man has a hope perhaps an illusory

broke man has a hope perhaps an illusory

broke man has a hope perhaps an illusory one that he somehow survives in his

one that he somehow survives in his

one that he somehow survives in his descendants a life devoted to one’s

descendants a life devoted to one’s

descendants a life devoted to one’s family and to one’s progeny seems to

family and to one’s progeny seems to

family and to one’s progeny seems to acquire a meaning it may be experienced

acquire a meaning it may be experienced

acquire a meaning it may be experienced as capturing a particle of an

as capturing a particle of an

as capturing a particle of an immortality which is beyond the reach of

immortality which is beyond the reach of

immortality which is beyond the reach of an individual legacy drive in its

an individual legacy drive in its

an individual legacy drive in its rudimental form then is about genes that

rudimental form then is about genes that

rudimental form then is about genes that fooled our ancestors into thinking that

fooled our ancestors into thinking that

fooled our ancestors into thinking that they could leave something of themselves

they could leave something of themselves

they could leave something of themselves ideas beliefs values a copy of the inner

ideas beliefs values a copy of the inner

ideas beliefs values a copy of the inner self or means of a parent transmitted to

self or means of a parent transmitted to

self or means of a parent transmitted to the Future through the minds of one’s

the Future through the minds of one’s

the Future through the minds of one’s offspring as a memetic legacy and

offspring as a memetic legacy and

offspring as a memetic legacy and because genetic legacy

because genetic legacy

because genetic legacy also occurred at the same time genes

also occurred at the same time genes

also occurred at the same time genes that informed legacy drive were

that informed legacy drive were

that informed legacy drive were propelled into future generations other

propelled into future generations other

propelled into future generations other animals have offspring only as an

animals have offspring only as an

animals have offspring only as an incidental consequence of sex drive but

incidental consequence of sex drive but

incidental consequence of sex drive but only humans hope and plan for offspring

only humans hope and plan for offspring

only humans hope and plan for offspring and then spend much of their lives

and then spend much of their lives

and then spend much of their lives seeking pride in them and this obsession

seeking pride in them and this obsession

seeking pride in them and this obsession with pride in offspring can be seen in

with pride in offspring can be seen in

with pride in offspring can be seen in some of the oldest written records but

some of the oldest written records but

some of the oldest written records but men have always had a nagging

men have always had a nagging

men have always had a nagging uncertainty of their paternity as

uncertainty of their paternity as

uncertainty of their paternity as pulitzer prize-winning author Phyllis

pulitzer prize-winning author Phyllis

pulitzer prize-winning author Phyllis McKinley wrote women are the fulfilled

McKinley wrote women are the fulfilled

McKinley wrote women are the fulfilled sex through our children we are able to

sex through our children we are able to

sex through our children we are able to produce our own immortality so we lack

produce our own immortality so we lack

produce our own immortality so we lack that divine restlessness which sends men

that divine restlessness which sends men

that divine restlessness which sends men charging off in pursuit a fortune or

charging off in pursuit a fortune or

charging off in pursuit a fortune or fame worn imagined utopia and so mostly

fame worn imagined utopia and so mostly

fame worn imagined utopia and so mostly men have created alternative domains for

men have created alternative domains for

men have created alternative domains for legacy like pursuits of imagined utopias

legacy like pursuits of imagined utopias

legacy like pursuits of imagined utopias typically represented by religion as

typically represented by religion as

typically represented by religion as philosopher James feeble man wrote the

philosopher James feeble man wrote the

philosopher James feeble man wrote the human individual knows that he must die

human individual knows that he must die

human individual knows that he must die but has thoughts larger than his fate

but has thoughts larger than his fate

but has thoughts larger than his fate religion is an effort to be included in

religion is an effort to be included in

religion is an effort to be included in some domain larger and more permanent

some domain larger and more permanent

some domain larger and more permanent than mere existence in addition men

than mere existence in addition men

than mere existence in addition men mostly men have created alternative

mostly men have created alternative

mostly men have created alternative domains for legacy that involve pursuit

domains for legacy that involve pursuit

domains for legacy that involve pursuit of fortune or fame and cultural

of fortune or fame and cultural

of fortune or fame and cultural evolution informed by biological

evolution informed by biological

evolution informed by biological evolution as generated a large legacy

evolution as generated a large legacy

evolution as generated a large legacy menu to choose from that includes more

menu to choose from that includes more

menu to choose from that includes more than just parenthood and religion but

than just parenthood and religion but

than just parenthood and religion but also accomplishment accomplishment

also accomplishment accomplishment

also accomplishment accomplishment through things like achievement in

through things like achievement in

through things like achievement in education status in a reputable career

education status in a reputable career

education status in a reputable career competition for awards

competition for awards

competition for awards prestige from volunteering mentorship

prestige from volunteering mentorship

prestige from volunteering mentorship and philanthropy recognition for

and philanthropy recognition for

and philanthropy recognition for kindness bravery and other virtues

kindness bravery and other virtues

kindness bravery and other virtues membership or leadership in a social or

membership or leadership in a social or

membership or leadership in a social or cultural group and popularity with

cultural group and popularity with

cultural group and popularity with family friends and associates Darwinian

family friends and associates Darwinian

family friends and associates Darwinian evolution then has shaped the human mind

evolution then has shaped the human mind

evolution then has shaped the human mind with motivations that convinced us that

with motivations that convinced us that

with motivations that convinced us that our lives can have meaning and that

our lives can have meaning and that

our lives can have meaning and that distract us from the nagging worry that

distract us from the nagging worry that

distract us from the nagging worry that they probably don’t the time inevitably

they probably don’t the time inevitably

they probably don’t the time inevitably annihilates all that we do in all that

annihilates all that we do in all that

annihilates all that we do in all that we are legacy and leisure drives our

we are legacy and leisure drives our

we are legacy and leisure drives our components of our evolved psychology

components of our evolved psychology

components of our evolved psychology because our predecessors who lacked them

because our predecessors who lacked them

because our predecessors who lacked them did not become our ancestors because

did not become our ancestors because

did not become our ancestors because they were unprotected from self

they were unprotected from self

they were unprotected from self impermanence anxiety and so less likely

impermanence anxiety and so less likely

impermanence anxiety and so less likely to reproduce and the irony here is that

to reproduce and the irony here is that

to reproduce and the irony here is that Darwinism postulates exactly the

Darwinism postulates exactly the

Darwinism postulates exactly the opposite of what our evolved psychology

opposite of what our evolved psychology

opposite of what our evolved psychology whispers to us about what we can be in

whispers to us about what we can be in

whispers to us about what we can be in what we can do one of the leading

what we can do one of the leading

what we can do one of the leading architects of the modern evolutionary

architects of the modern evolutionary

architects of the modern evolutionary synthesis in the last century Georg

synthesis in the last century Georg

synthesis in the last century Georg Gaylord Simpson wrote man is the result

Gaylord Simpson wrote man is the result

Gaylord Simpson wrote man is the result of a purposeless and materialistic

of a purposeless and materialistic

of a purposeless and materialistic process that did not have him in mind he

process that did not have him in mind he

process that did not have him in mind he was not planned he is a state of matter

was not planned he is a state of matter

was not planned he is a state of matter a form of life again to all of life and

a form of life again to all of life and

a form of life again to all of life and indeed to all that is material and so

indeed to all that is material and so

indeed to all that is material and so the old and still continuing debate

the old and still continuing debate

the old and still continuing debate between evolution and creationism is

between evolution and creationism is

between evolution and creationism is misguided creationism is not in conflict

misguided creationism is not in conflict

misguided creationism is not in conflict with evolution it is product of it and

with evolution it is product of it and

with evolution it is product of it and so the central problem of what we are is

so the central problem of what we are is

so the central problem of what we are is that we are attracted instinctively to

that we are attracted instinctively to

that we are attracted instinctively to delusions and distractions as poet TS

delusions and distractions as poet TS

delusions and distractions as poet TS Eliot mused humankind cannot bear very

Eliot mused humankind cannot bear very

Eliot mused humankind cannot bear very much reality this does not bode well in

much reality this does not bode well in

much reality this does not bode well in terms of our being equipped to respond

terms of our being equipped to respond

terms of our being equipped to respond effectively to a collapsing civilized

our lives resemble the lives of chimps

our lives resemble the lives of chimps more than any other animal they have a

more than any other animal they have a

more than any other animal they have a rudimental theory of mind and a capacity

rudimental theory of mind and a capacity

rudimental theory of mind and a capacity for culture through social learning

for culture through social learning

for culture through social learning across generations but chimps live in a

across generations but chimps live in a

across generations but chimps live in a world as they find it humans however

world as they find it humans however

world as they find it humans however live in a world as they make it and we

live in a world as they make it and we

live in a world as they make it and we have made it mostly a world of delusions

have made it mostly a world of delusions

have made it mostly a world of delusions for chasing legacy and mostly a world of

for chasing legacy and mostly a world of

for chasing legacy and mostly a world of distractions for chasing leisure and

distractions for chasing leisure and

distractions for chasing leisure and this has made a world that is

this has made a world that is

this has made a world that is annihilating other species at a rate

annihilating other species at a rate

annihilating other species at a rate never seen before in the history of life

never seen before in the history of life

never seen before in the history of life and a civilization that is unsustainable

and a civilization that is unsustainable

and a civilization that is unsustainable for our species because we are our

for our species because we are our

for our species because we are our product in part of Darwinian evolution

product in part of Darwinian evolution

product in part of Darwinian evolution our genes to a large extent whole

our genes to a large extent whole

our genes to a large extent whole culture on a leash as evolutionist EO

culture on a leash as evolutionist EO

culture on a leash as evolutionist EO Wilson wrote human behavior like the

Wilson wrote human behavior like the

Wilson wrote human behavior like the deepest capacities for emotional

deepest capacities for emotional

deepest capacities for emotional response which drive and guided is the

response which drive and guided is the

response which drive and guided is the circuitous technique by which human

circuitous technique by which human

circuitous technique by which human genetic material has been and will be

genetic material has been and will be

genetic material has been and will be cut intact these deeply ingrained

cut intact these deeply ingrained

cut intact these deeply ingrained motivations are a product of a long

motivations are a product of a long

motivations are a product of a long history of genetic inheritance driven in

history of genetic inheritance driven in

history of genetic inheritance driven in each ancestral generation by the

each ancestral generation by the

each ancestral generation by the relentless but purposeless action of

relentless but purposeless action of

relentless but purposeless action of Darwinian selection in the past these

Darwinian selection in the past these

Darwinian selection in the past these motivational domains limited our

motivational domains limited our

motivational domains limited our capacity to learn from the history of

capacity to learn from the history of

capacity to learn from the history of our mistakes they loomed large on the

our mistakes they loomed large on the

our mistakes they loomed large on the radar of our ancestors leaving little

radar of our ancestors leaving little

radar of our ancestors leaving little room for a deep understanding of the

room for a deep understanding of the

room for a deep understanding of the impact of humanity on our small planet

impact of humanity on our small planet

impact of humanity on our small planet and essentially no room for significant

and essentially no room for significant

and essentially no room for significant motivations to protect it but our

motivations to protect it but our

motivations to protect it but our evolution has also given us capacity to

evolution has also given us capacity to

evolution has also given us capacity to say no to our evolutionary bequeaths and

say no to our evolutionary bequeaths and

say no to our evolutionary bequeaths and so the good news is that culture can

so the good news is that culture can

so the good news is that culture can also hold genes on a leash if we

also hold genes on a leash if we

also hold genes on a leash if we instruct it wisely with what it needs to

instruct it wisely with what it needs to

instruct it wisely with what it needs to do so I suggest that we can do this by

do so I suggest that we can do this by

do so I suggest that we can do this by something that I call bio social

something that I call bio social

something that I call bio social management

management

management it’s about Rocky

it’s about Rocky

it’s about Rocky and embracing what we are defined by

and embracing what we are defined by

and embracing what we are defined by these four fundamental human drives but

these four fundamental human drives but

these four fundamental human drives but prescribing ways to fulfill them that

prescribing ways to fulfill them that

prescribing ways to fulfill them that also make room on our radar for

also make room on our radar for

also make room on our radar for responding effectively to the impending

responding effectively to the impending

responding effectively to the impending collapse of civilization in other words

collapse of civilization in other words

collapse of civilization in other words cultural evolution could come to our

cultural evolution could come to our

cultural evolution could come to our rescue but there is much work to be done

rescue but there is much work to be done

rescue but there is much work to be done cultural evolution will need to be

cultural evolution will need to be

cultural evolution will need to be better informed with what it needs in

better informed with what it needs in

better informed with what it needs in order to promote the positive

order to promote the positive

order to promote the positive consequences and manage the negative

consequences and manage the negative

consequences and manage the negative consequences of our biological evolution

consequences of our biological evolution

consequences of our biological evolution and this will require having a much

and this will require having a much

and this will require having a much deeper and more broadly public

deeper and more broadly public

deeper and more broadly public understanding of what we are thank you

understanding of what we are thank you

understanding of what we are thank you [Applause]

”

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