and
[Music]
dreams are a very central part and
very intimate of our lives
we in dreams do things
what we would never do
during wakefulness and sleep we pass
terrible things, weird things are
experiences so intimate that good
who would not want to record their own
dreams can remember the opis chirp in
that the person who is sleeping is dreaming
with us are are concerns are
questions that accompanied us from
and of course always they inspired to
painters writers musicians psychologists
fortune tellers and also blacks
Frontiers obviously felt
invited to try to understand these
questions about dreams because
we dream what we dream what role
our dreams play and in good there was
many advances in recent years in
particular the device that we
allow you to visualize what is happening
in our brain with us we have
an idea or we execute an action
then the next thing happens if you
during the day they do something and during the
night with the same device they watch them
the brain then do dream of that
same action patterns in the head
neural patterns similar to those that
occurred during the day you observe the
problem is what happens when you
we look at the brain a person who is
dreaming something else something that does not
corresponds to an action that he did
during the day and we can not
interpret that because we do not know and
that’s the problem of neuroscience
we do not know what the language of the
neurons is the great mystery of the
neuroscience
If we see a different pattern, nobody can
say to look this guy is dreaming
with a violet giraffe we can only
do
then how can we advance in these
questions and in general in biology
when we want to understand something that
to man we have a resource that is
take advantage of that in evolution
we are all brothers we are all part
the only experiment we all descend
from the same single living cell and each
something that intrinsically seems to us
human in some other species already
He first tested sometimes perfected
sometimes I develop a walk
then for everything we want
learn from ourselves always
we can look at our brothers in
this planet and found out good what is
what happens there and to attack this
problem
I ‘m going to tell you a story that
it has to do with sometimes it seems weird not
I’m going to talk about all the birds I’m going to
talk about those that are called kisses and do not
they are nothing more than 40 percent of
the birds and they share with the good human
of course there are these that are the
mandarin diamond are the canary the
jilguero told them that they share with the
human one thing that we also think
very intimately to our that is the
need to have a guardian to
learn what I mean by this
you learned to talk because
mom and dad told us things and
then we try to repeat them well
did a pigeon do not do it a pigeon
born singing what will sing all his
Life has programmed in their genes
but a mandarin diamond like the one
you are watching on the screen or
a canary also needs a tutor
to learn
then neuroscientist would be
studying the brain of these birds by
many years to placing minimum
Very little invasive electrodes for
try to see what happened to him at
brain when one learns
then of course they also saw that
during the day the birds sing a
very stereotyped activity for them
that was accompanied in activity in
the brain and at night it was seen that of
So while the same patterns
activity seemed phenomenon is and
we are with the human feels the same to
this problem that happens to us with the
humans we do not have the code either
neuronal
of the birds you will say for what
we are studying birds
so I want to tell you two things that
have to do with our work the
work of mine and of the group of people who
work with my systems lab
dynamics of the faculty of sciences
exact and natural of the uba
physics department and we work
physical veterinary biologists all
together to try to solve a couple of
problems in parallel the formation of
human because we want to build
pyrotechnic devices that are usually
talk about people who have damaged or
to play and those models that physics
applied is informed by physics
basic that is how birds do to
control your vocal devices because
It has certain similarities
I ‘m going to tell you the things that
they passed in our laboratory
recently one is an invention and now
it’s a discovery is the invention is a
a mathematical model that allows us
understand what are the mechanisms
physicists involved in the
training with mathematical equations
that gets into a chip of a
computer and in principle they work
well generates a synthetic sound that
sounds good sounds like singing
original problem we have to
develop experimental techniques
very sophisticated to insert minimum
electrodes in the muscles that
they control the vocal apparatus that are the
numbers that inform that model
mathematically scientifically what
we do is record the b and
simultaneously with his singing
we record all the activity what you
happens to your mouth device fills you with
small muscles with activity
electric those change their
configuration and that affects the sound
then your information is transmitted
a small backpack that is what they see
you in the diagram and then
register a computer then a
bird sings this then it’s a song
brief the mandarin diamond we
then recording this activity
we put them in our models
mathematicians and we synthesize field
artificial and artificial a computer
singing with the true data
So, well, what is it that is what
happened in the framework of doing this job
we put these electrodes in the
muscles and we recorded this activity and
came the discovery that was that clear
at night
those electrodes will be connected
for our past surprise what
next the middle of the night is
completely asleep there is not a single
sound in the laboratory but our
electorates from time to time we
indicate that the part of the muscles of
the syrinx begin to activate the
breathing is still breathing and
quiet once you are sleeping
since there is no sound but the
muscles have a practice the
which the eureka for us of this
history is the only one for us is
that here we did not have a code to
interpret what it was that was
dreaming and the b but we almost have it
because we have this mathematical model
that allows us to listen when I have
an activity pattern
what is the sound that is generated
then let me do a little
small tutorial like us the
humans we are very bystanders not instead of
listen is we just represent
graphically and we understand better the
things when space charm so that
not have to memorize it as such does
a little bit what they are seeing rivals
how we represent the music we
the music the rent or with staves
which is a set of ordered lines
of severe acute and notes
these are marquitas and headquarters of the left
to the right a sonogram that what I ‘m
showing below is how it represented
only singing once does not sing
discrete notes and continuous sounds
but it’s basically the same idea the
spots correspond to sounds and
spots are down in that diagram are
serious sounds and the spots are
up are sharp sounds
so now let’s go to the experiment
our experiment is very simple
let’s go good, do not listen to me
fellows who do work but it’s
relatively simple we have to put
these microelectrodes in the muscles
of the bird recording its song record that
activity during the day and leave the bird
will connect the night and see what it is that
pass
then what we find in what
next I will pass them the song of a
mandarin diamond this bird needs
learn this as well as listen to it
you need to learn it and practice all
his life and his whole life for the practice
this song and only sang tomorrow
late and night and morning late and night and
when they see their girlfriend to stare at
the eyes and just to sing with a
amazing precision over and over again and
well all his life
then our experiment consists of
this time that his daughter who had this
surgery leave it connected at night and the
another part of the laboratory leave a
microphone recording to guarantee us
that the bird does not wake up to that
wake up and start singing but
what he is really doing is
sleep and let’s see what it is that you
go to those muscles and we’re going to
Send the information to our model
mathematical and in our computer and
what we have found is that from both
in the night
good with the next silence more
absolute is interrupted by these
sounds these literary fragments that
you just heard you brief
ethereal are the atoms of a dream and
the time from time to time get off these
sounds we want to learn with this
all because it is a brain window and of
dreams we know
very little we know of course that
we and the birds all need to
sleep to live but because we dream
so we dream
Well for the moment what I can
say is that our results
they defy all prejudices in the
area
the first one is that although he sees it
what you are doing during the day is
sing in a stereotyped way over and over
time until the same chanting the
Night seems to be the realm of the diverse
of the different exploratory because
only 5 percent of the time and the
is practicing what after
has to do with great precision
95 percent of the time what happens
is anything sometimes to practice
one syllable sometimes practicing again
practice a combination of
syllables or sometimes do practices that
correspond to very long syllables or very
acute very serious things that during the
day or dream and know because with
those acronyms would not get girlfriend ever
then questions begin to arise and
what would happen if they did not take action
said he activated when once is
dreaming to learn and force to sing
just as well and if we induce
let’s dream the stereotyped instead
to stop dreaming how different it is
would happen if we take birds that do not
they learn they dream they dream stereotyped
they also need to dream varied or if
one does not need to learn does not need
do crazy things at night
good I started with two or three questions and
as you will see this study the listing
another 10 welcome to my world generates
the world of science
I can not answer it today but I do not
we leave empty-handed because
we leave with the only pleasure of having
been the first in the world that we have
listened to the dream once
thank you very much
laws
[Music]
”
Be First to Comment