two years ago a program crawling the web looking for public accessible social
looking for public accessible social
looking for public accessible social media platform data found the Instagram
media platform data found the Instagram
media platform data found the Instagram profile of my son
profile of my son
profile of my son despite the program fetch the data and
despite the program fetch the data and
despite the program fetch the data and injected it into a database somewhere
injected it into a database somewhere
injected it into a database somewhere located abroad just a few days later my
located abroad just a few days later my
located abroad just a few days later my son resentfully said to me houston we
son resentfully said to me houston we
son resentfully said to me houston we have a problem I see all my Instagram
have a problem I see all my Instagram
have a problem I see all my Instagram data on another website I didn’t upload
data on another website I didn’t upload
data on another website I didn’t upload any data to this website nor did I
any data to this website nor did I
any data to this website nor did I subscribe to their services how is that
subscribe to their services how is that
subscribe to their services how is that possible what’s going on here together
possible what’s going on here together
possible what’s going on here together we double-checked and we figured out
we double-checked and we figured out
we double-checked and we figured out that he changed something in the
that he changed something in the
that he changed something in the security settings of his Instagram app
security settings of his Instagram app
security settings of his Instagram app making his profile publicly accessible
making his profile publicly accessible
making his profile publicly accessible for everybody I didn’t like that at all
for everybody I didn’t like that at all
for everybody I didn’t like that at all because you could easily reverse
because you could easily reverse
because you could easily reverse engineer a typical day in the life of my
engineer a typical day in the life of my
engineer a typical day in the life of my son now the whole story triggered a very
son now the whole story triggered a very
son now the whole story triggered a very intense and deep discussion about the
intense and deep discussion about the
intense and deep discussion about the internet ecosystem technical details on
internet ecosystem technical details on
internet ecosystem technical details on how messages are transmitted the history
how messages are transmitted the history
how messages are transmitted the history of the Internet why do we have an
of the Internet why do we have an
of the Internet why do we have an Internet at all data privacy and search
Internet at all data privacy and search
Internet at all data privacy and search engines and how they influence our daily
engines and how they influence our daily
engines and how they influence our daily decisions I really like this discussion
decisions I really like this discussion
decisions I really like this discussion and I learned two things first my son
and I learned two things first my son
and I learned two things first my son knows all the apps from
knows all the apps from
knows all the apps from our universe and in case there are any
our universe and in case there are any
our universe and in case there are any parallel universes he knows all the apps
parallel universes he knows all the apps
parallel universes he knows all the apps from there as well he has quite a good
from there as well he has quite a good
from there as well he has quite a good overview of all the functionalities and
overview of all the functionalities and
overview of all the functionalities and he uses all these apps as responsibly as
he uses all these apps as responsibly as
he uses all these apps as responsibly as he can second he has rather limited
he can second he has rather limited
he can second he has rather limited knowledge on the forces governing the
knowledge on the forces governing the
knowledge on the forces governing the internet ecosystem he is not really
internet ecosystem he is not really
internet ecosystem he is not really aware how this ecosystem influences the
aware how this ecosystem influences the
aware how this ecosystem influences the decisions he makes and the way he sees
decisions he makes and the way he sees
decisions he makes and the way he sees and understands our world
and understands our world
and understands our world of course that worries me a lot
of course that worries me a lot
of course that worries me a lot now I can safely say that my son was not
now I can safely say that my son was not
now I can safely say that my son was not well enough educated in those aspects
well enough educated in those aspects
well enough educated in those aspects now you might say Oh Marcel come on
now you might say Oh Marcel come on
now you might say Oh Marcel come on chill out I mean it’s important to know
chill out I mean it’s important to know
chill out I mean it’s important to know how to use all these apps and
how to use all these apps and
how to use all these apps and technologies in a ficient way but it
technologies in a ficient way but it
technologies in a ficient way but it isn’t as important to know how they are
isn’t as important to know how they are
isn’t as important to know how they are engineered and by the way Marcel isn’t
engineered and by the way Marcel isn’t
engineered and by the way Marcel isn’t it your job your challenge to teach your
it your job your challenge to teach your
it your job your challenge to teach your kids on all those aspects I say yes you
kids on all those aspects I say yes you
kids on all those aspects I say yes you are right but that’s just one part of
are right but that’s just one part of
are right but that’s just one part of the story and the other part goes as
the story and the other part goes as
the story and the other part goes as follows the government our educational
follows the government our educational
follows the government our educational system and we as a society are in charge
system and we as a society are in charge
system and we as a society are in charge as well to educate future generations on
as well to educate future generations on
as well to educate future generations on the ongoing digital revolution and I
the ongoing digital revolution and I
the ongoing digital revolution and I want to support this statement by
want to support this statement by
want to support this statement by talking about artificial intelligence
talking about artificial intelligence
talking about artificial intelligence whoo artificial intelligence I’m sure
whoo artificial intelligence I’m sure
whoo artificial intelligence I’m sure everybody here heard about it in one or
everybody here heard about it in one or
everybody here heard about it in one or the other way lately
the other way lately
the other way lately you might have rats that Google has a
you might have rats that Google has a
you might have rats that Google has a built a system based on artificial
built a system based on artificial
built a system based on artificial intelligence which beats a top player at
intelligence which beats a top player at
intelligence which beats a top player at the game of goal now that’s really
the game of goal now that’s really
the game of goal now that’s really impressive because the game of go has a
impressive because the game of go has a
impressive because the game of go has a much higher complexity compared to the
much higher complexity compared to the
much higher complexity compared to the game of chess systems based on
game of chess systems based on
game of chess systems based on artificial intelligence are at least as
artificial intelligence are at least as
artificial intelligence are at least as good as humans at brain cancer detection
good as humans at brain cancer detection
good as humans at brain cancer detection self-driving cars cell flying drones
self-driving cars cell flying drones
self-driving cars cell flying drones face detection
face detection
face detection voice recognition algorithmic trading
voice recognition algorithmic trading
voice recognition algorithmic trading news book and music recommendations
news book and music recommendations
news book and music recommendations robots chat BOTS and and and artificial
robots chat BOTS and and and artificial
robots chat BOTS and and and artificial intelligence is here and now and you
intelligence is here and now and you
intelligence is here and now and you carry it in your pocket now one type of
carry it in your pocket now one type of
carry it in your pocket now one type of system or one type of technology making
system or one type of technology making
system or one type of technology making possible all this break truth is called
possible all this break truth is called
possible all this break truth is called deep learning or deep neural network
deep learning or deep neural network
deep learning or deep neural network these systems are based on layers each
these systems are based on layers each
these systems are based on layers each layers is composed of small
layers is composed of small
layers is composed of small computational units called neurons
computational units called neurons
computational units called neurons neurons within one layer are connected
neurons within one layer are connected
neurons within one layer are connected to neurons within the next preceding
to neurons within the next preceding
to neurons within the next preceding layer now assume you have a bunch of
layer now assume you have a bunch of
layer now assume you have a bunch of images which are unlabeled and the image
images which are unlabeled and the image
images which are unlabeled and the image show different animals and you want the
show different animals and you want the
show different animals and you want the system to classify those images how does
system to classify those images how does
system to classify those images how does this work well the system reads the
this work well the system reads the
this work well the system reads the image and passes the data to the first
image and passes the data to the first
image and passes the data to the first layer neurons in the first layer
layer neurons in the first layer
layer neurons in the first layer responds to very simple patterns and
responds to very simple patterns and
responds to very simple patterns and shapes like edges the activated neurons
shapes like edges the activated neurons
shapes like edges the activated neurons then pass the data to the next layer the
then pass the data to the next layer the
then pass the data to the next layer the second one neurons in the second layer
second one neurons in the second layer
second one neurons in the second layer respond to more complex patterns like
respond to more complex patterns like
respond to more complex patterns like arms or legs or years
arms or legs or years
arms or legs or years again the activated neurons pass the
again the activated neurons pass the
again the activated neurons pass the data to the next layer and this goes on
data to the next layer and this goes on
data to the next layer and this goes on and on and on till the last layer the
and on and on till the last layer the
and on and on till the last layer the last layer knows about the complex
last layer knows about the complex
last layer knows about the complex concept of how an animal looks like like
concept of how an animal looks like like
concept of how an animal looks like like a fish cat or dog finally the output of
a fish cat or dog finally the output of
a fish cat or dog finally the output of the system is a bunch of numbers telling
the system is a bunch of numbers telling
the system is a bunch of numbers telling you how confident the system is at
you how confident the system is at
you how confident the system is at detecting a cat or an elephant or any
detecting a cat or an elephant or any
detecting a cat or an elephant or any other animal now the whole thing works
other animal now the whole thing works
other animal now the whole thing works somehow similar to what is going on in
somehow similar to what is going on in
somehow similar to what is going on in our brains when we humans classify
our brains when we humans classify
our brains when we humans classify images different regions in our brain
images different regions in our brain
images different regions in our brain respond to different patterns on
respond to different patterns on
respond to different patterns on different complexities deep learning
different complexities deep learning
different complexities deep learning systems are of course not limited to
systems are of course not limited to
systems are of course not limited to process images you could input let’s say
process images you could input let’s say
process images you could input let’s say text from an email and the system tells
text from an email and the system tells
text from an email and the system tells you what this is BAM or not or you could
you what this is BAM or not or you could
you what this is BAM or not or you could input voice records and the output of
input voice records and the output of
input voice records and the output of the system might be transcriptions or
the system might be transcriptions or
the system might be transcriptions or you could input data related to the US
you could input data related to the US
you could input data related to the US presidential election and the output
presidential election and the output
presidential election and the output might be well let’s talk about something
might be well let’s talk about something
might be well let’s talk about something else please
these systems are even capable kind of
these systems are even capable kind of dreaming so they show signs of
dreaming so they show signs of
dreaming so they show signs of creativity take the image on top the
creativity take the image on top the
creativity take the image on top the famous image and input it to the system
famous image and input it to the system
famous image and input it to the system but you don’t ask the system to classify
but you don’t ask the system to classify
but you don’t ask the system to classify the image but you ask the system to
the image but you ask the system to
the image but you ask the system to amplify patterns
amplify patterns
amplify patterns it recognizes on the image patterns that
it recognizes on the image patterns that
it recognizes on the image patterns that it has seen and learned before and you
it has seen and learned before and you
it has seen and learned before and you can end up with something like the image
can end up with something like the image
can end up with something like the image on the bottom this is Ammar very high
on the bottom this is Ammar very high
on the bottom this is Ammar very high accurate in classifying and show signs
accurate in classifying and show signs
accurate in classifying and show signs of creativity now more and more system
of creativity now more and more system
of creativity now more and more system coming up learning by direct
coming up learning by direct
coming up learning by direct interactions with humans Microsoft did a
interactions with humans Microsoft did a
interactions with humans Microsoft did a very interesting experiment lately they
very interesting experiment lately they
very interesting experiment lately they release the chat bot on Twitter and the
release the chat bot on Twitter and the
release the chat bot on Twitter and the bot was supposed to engage Millennials
bot was supposed to engage Millennials
bot was supposed to engage Millennials with artificial intelligence shortly
with artificial intelligence shortly
with artificial intelligence shortly after they released about they had to
after they released about they had to
after they released about they had to shut down the machine what happens the
shut down the machine what happens the
shut down the machine what happens the boat turned racist and started to
boat turned racist and started to
boat turned racist and started to insulting other people now what is the
insulting other people now what is the
insulting other people now what is the lesson learned here what we see here is
lesson learned here what we see here is
lesson learned here what we see here is that machines can be biased but this
that machines can be biased but this
that machines can be biased but this should not come as a surprise because
should not come as a surprise because
should not come as a surprise because machines learn from data and we humans
machines learn from data and we humans
machines learn from data and we humans we generate those data but we humans are
we generate those data but we humans are
we generate those data but we humans are biased
biased
biased that’s how something like discrimination
that’s how something like discrimination
that’s how something like discrimination can find a path into those machines now
can find a path into those machines now
can find a path into those machines now here it’s obvious that something went
here it’s obvious that something went
here it’s obvious that something went completely wrong but take a more subtle
completely wrong but take a more subtle
completely wrong but take a more subtle case like an assistant for churches in
case like an assistant for churches in
case like an assistant for churches in risk assessment on cream
risk assessment on cream
risk assessment on cream there are well-documented cases were
there are well-documented cases were
there are well-documented cases were non-white persons were discriminated by
non-white persons were discriminated by
non-white persons were discriminated by such machines now that means that we
such machines now that means that we
such machines now that means that we have to think about somehow how we
have to think about somehow how we
have to think about somehow how we incorporate societal values in those
incorporate societal values in those
incorporate societal values in those machines but who is going to do that I
machines but who is going to do that I
machines but who is going to do that I mean who will decide what values will go
mean who will decide what values will go
mean who will decide what values will go in is it the government or IT cracks or
in is it the government or IT cracks or
in is it the government or IT cracks or researchers or you and me the point is
researchers or you and me the point is
researchers or you and me the point is that at the moment almost nobody is able
that at the moment almost nobody is able
that at the moment almost nobody is able to participate in that discussion and
to participate in that discussion and
to participate in that discussion and the reason why is well we are not
the reason why is well we are not
the reason why is well we are not educated but think about that I mean we
educated but think about that I mean we
educated but think about that I mean we teach our kids on the importance to know
teach our kids on the importance to know
teach our kids on the importance to know that we had graffiti in forms of cave
that we had graffiti in forms of cave
that we had graffiti in forms of cave painting ten thousand years ago but we
painting ten thousand years ago but we
painting ten thousand years ago but we don’t educate our kids on the drivers of
don’t educate our kids on the drivers of
don’t educate our kids on the drivers of the ongoing digital revolution a digital
the ongoing digital revolution a digital
the ongoing digital revolution a digital revolution which is about to change
revolution which is about to change
revolution which is about to change society now and a revolution which has
society now and a revolution which has
society now and a revolution which has the potential to change humanity in the
the potential to change humanity in the
the potential to change humanity in the future Nick Bostrom a recognized expert
future Nick Bostrom a recognized expert
future Nick Bostrom a recognized expert in the field of artificial intelligence
in the field of artificial intelligence
in the field of artificial intelligence hypothesized on the question what
hypothesized on the question what
hypothesized on the question what happens when a machine reaches human
happens when a machine reaches human
happens when a machine reaches human level of intelligence and he says that
level of intelligence and he says that
level of intelligence and he says that such a machine will go piont
such a machine will go piont
such a machine will go piont any human cognitive capabilities very
any human cognitive capabilities very
any human cognitive capabilities very quickly now what does this mean for us
quickly now what does this mean for us
quickly now what does this mean for us there are several scenarios of course
there are several scenarios of course
there are several scenarios of course one scenario is this one we do nothing
one scenario is this one we do nothing
one scenario is this one we do nothing and hang around all day along
and hang around all day along
and hang around all day along and the machines will do our work not my
and the machines will do our work not my
and the machines will do our work not my preferred scenario because work is too
preferred scenario because work is too
preferred scenario because work is too much fun right another scenario probably
much fun right another scenario probably
much fun right another scenario probably more realistic is that such a machine
more realistic is that such a machine
more realistic is that such a machine would even not recognize anymore that
would even not recognize anymore that
would even not recognize anymore that humans are intelligent what would that
humans are intelligent what would that
humans are intelligent what would that mean for us what would that mean for a
mean for us what would that mean for a
mean for us what would that mean for a relationship between humans and machines
relationship between humans and machines
relationship between humans and machines of course nobody knows you know I’m
of course nobody knows you know I’m
of course nobody knows you know I’m really a big fan of all these
really a big fan of all these
really a big fan of all these technologies and in particular of deep
technologies and in particular of deep
technologies and in particular of deep learning and I think that these machines
learning and I think that these machines
learning and I think that these machines can help us solving complex and
can help us solving complex and
can help us solving complex and important problems in our world I think
important problems in our world I think
important problems in our world I think we can use these machines for the good
we can use these machines for the good
we can use these machines for the good but to release the potential in the
but to release the potential in the
but to release the potential in the right direction that we really can
right direction that we really can
right direction that we really can benefit from it we have to think about
benefit from it we have to think about
benefit from it we have to think about some really hard questions questions
some really hard questions questions
some really hard questions questions such as who is responsible for machine
such as who is responsible for machine
such as who is responsible for machine generated decisions should intelligent
generated decisions should intelligent
generated decisions should intelligent machines have their own rights and where
machines have their own rights and where
machines have their own rights and where and how do we want to engage artificial
and how do we want to engage artificial
and how do we want to engage artificial intelligence and what societal values
intelligence and what societal values
intelligence and what societal values should go in do we need regulation I
should go in do we need regulation I
should go in do we need regulation I hope you come along with me now that
hope you come along with me now that
hope you come along with me now that these questions are by far too important
these questions are by far too important
these questions are by far too important to be discussed just among experts this
to be discussed just among experts this
to be discussed just among experts this discussion has to be brought to the
discussion has to be brought to the
discussion has to be brought to the public domain and one key element to do
public domain and one key element to do
public domain and one key element to do so is education education on all the
so is education education on all the
so is education education on all the fundamental topics touching our digital
fundamental topics touching our digital
fundamental topics touching our digital lives education starting at primary
lives education starting at primary
lives education starting at primary school so the healthy relationship
school so the healthy relationship
school so the healthy relationship between humans and machines is triggered
between humans and machines is triggered
between humans and machines is triggered by education
by education
by education by the way my son and me we wrote to the
by the way my son and me we wrote to the
by the way my son and me we wrote to the website owner and told him to delete all
website owner and told him to delete all
website owner and told him to delete all the data he fetched from my son’s
the data he fetched from my son’s
the data he fetched from my son’s Instagram profile and you know what at
Instagram profile and you know what at
Instagram profile and you know what at that time my son knew that the website
that time my son knew that the website
that time my son knew that the website owner has to do that there was no option
owner has to do that there was no option
owner has to do that there was no option to not to do it so the key was education
to not to do it so the key was education
to not to do it so the key was education thank you
thank you
thank you [Applause]
[Applause]
[Applause] [Music]
”
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